English (Compulsory) For Class IX - Unit 1 - Ethics Character builder - Words / Meanings and Summary

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The Last Sermon Of Holy Prophet
(Peace Be Upon Him)

Words / Meanings

S.NO.	Words	Meanings
1.	Aggressive	Likely to attack, Belligerent
2.	Alliance	A kind of working relationship, Union
3.	Analogies	Similar families / condition between two things.
4.	Ancestors	Fore fathers or Family members who were before the grandparents
5.	Anecdotes	Short, amusing, real stories.
6.	Astray	Away from the correct path or direction
7.	Attempts on his life	An act of trying to kill him
8.	Belongs	Relates
9.	Beware	Be careful, Be cautious and alert
10.	Complaining	Saying that one is feeling pain or is not happy or not satisfied with something
11.	Consolidate	Make secure or strong
12.	Constitute	Form or compose
13.	Contitution	The basic laws of nation
14.	Conveyed	To communicate or to carry or to pass on information.
15.	Embraced	Hold closely in one's arms
16.	Emigrate	Leave one's own country in order to settle permanently in another.
17.	Entrust	Endow
18.	Equitable	Fair and justice
19.	Event	Incident, Public or social occasion.
20.	Faith	Belief
21.	Farewell	Marking someone's departure.
22.	Glass	A container used for drinking something.
23.	Greatness	Magnitude
24.	Guiding principle	Rule that set the direction one take
25.	Harmony	Compatibility in opinion and action, Understanding and accepting each others' thoughts and feelings.
26.	Honest	Truthful
27.	Hypocrites	People who pretend to be what they are not, Phoney
28.	Idols	False Gods, Image for worship
29.	Legitimate	Lawful, According to the rules and laws.
30.	Manner	The way in which something is done.
31.	Meritocracy	Giving awards and positions to people according to their capability and performance, A society governed by people selected according to merit.
32.	Migrate	leave one's own country in order to settle permanently in another, relocate, resettle.
33.	Occasion	Event
34.	Oppose	Resist
35.	Outskirts	The outer part of a city.
36.	Pagans	People who do not believe in any of the main religions of the world, Heathen, Infidel.
37.	Perform	do, carry out, accomplish.
38.	Piety	Strictly following the teachings of one's religion, The quality of being religious.
39.	Pilgrimage	Religious journey,
40.	Principle	A rule for behaving in a certain way, basis, essence
41.	Prohibited	Did not allow doing something, Banned.
42.	Prophet	God's messenger
43.	Reforms	make changes in (something, especially an institution or practice) in order to improve it, make better
44.	Sacred	Holy
45.	Sermon	Leccture (Religious)
46.	Sight	in vision
47.	Significance	Importance
48.	Society	The community.
49.	Superiority	the state of being superior, To be higher in rank or position
50.	Tribe	Clan
51.	True	Correct
52.	Unified	Make or become united, Linked people together.
53.	Woods	An area of land, smaller than a forest, covered with growing trees.
54.	Worships	Reverence.

Summary

Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) was the last Prophet of God. He was born 571 A.D. in Makkah. He belonged to the noble family of Quraish. When he (P.B.U.H) began to preach Islam, and told Quaraish that only Allah is the worthy of worship. The people of Makkah turned against him and became his fierce enemy, as they thought that Islam was against their gods and ancestors.
Due to their opposition the holy Prophet (peace be upon him) asked his(peace be upon him) followers to migrate to Yathrib (Medina). In June 622 A.D. first he (P.B.U.H) reached at Quba and built a mosque there, then in July 622 A.D. they emigrated to Madinah. This event is called Hijra and marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar.
At the time of arrival of Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) in Madinah, there were living four broad group: Muslims, hypocrites, pagans and jews together. He succeeded in drawing up the constitution of Madina, known as Charter of Madina, through which a kind of understanding was developed among all the communities living in Madina. The Charter of Madina and the Prophet's (P.B.U.H) reforms consolidated the Islamic community in Madina.
In the 10^th Hijri, he (P.B.U.H) performed his first and last Hajj with his followers. He (P.B.U.H) gave his last hajj sermon on in the Uranah Valley of Mount Arafat. The main points of his sermon are as follows:
He(P.B.U.H) first of all praised and thanked Allah than asked those people who were present there, to convey his words to others also. He told that regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Hurt no one. Beware of Satan, for the safety of our religion. Both men and women have rights over each other. The superiority of man is not based on blood and wealth. In the sight of Allah everybody is equal, only the piety and goodness of a man makes him superior to others. All the Muslims are brothers. The most righteous is the most honourable. The Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) completed his last sermon by asked God to be witness. The message conveyed in this sermon are for all times.