GO TO INDEX
CHAPTER 8
NUTRITION
1. Encircle the correct answer:(i) Select the mismatched
(a) Protein → Amino acid
(b) Carbohydrate → Glucose
(c) Fats → Starch ✔
(d) Nucleic acid → Nucleotide
(ii) Deficiency of vitamin-k cause
(a) Rickets
(b) Anemia ✔
(c) Scurvy
(d) Beriberi
(iii) Period of rapid growth and development called:
(a) Childhood
(b) Adult hood
(c) Adolescence
(d) Both “a” and “c” ✔
(iv) Deficiency of dietary protein, causes an imbalance in the gastrointestinal system:
(a) Marasmus
(b) Edema
(c) Diarrhea
(d) Kwashiorkor ✔
(v) An animal that migrates great distances would obtain the greatest benefit from storing its energy as:
(a) Fats ✔
(b) Carbohydrates
(c) Protein
(d) Minerals
(vi) Which of the following vitamins is correctly associated with its use?
(a) Vitamin K → Production of white blood cells
(b) Vitamin C → Curing rickets
(c) Vitamin E → Protection of skin from cancer
(d) Vitamin A → Incorporated into the visual pigment of the eye ✔
(vii) Which of the following statements describes pepsin?
(a) It is manufactured by the pancreas.
b) It helps stabilize fat-water emulsions.
(c) It splits maltose into monosaccharides.
(d) It begins the hydrolysis of proteins in the stomach. ✔
(viii) Which of the following is true about bile salts?
(a) They are enzymes
(b) They are manufactured by the pancreas
(c) They emulsify fats in the duodenum ✔
(d) They increase the efficiency of pepsin action.
(ix) In human digestive system trachea and oesophagus both connect to the:
(a) Large intestine
(b) Stomach
(c) Pharynx ✔
(d) Rectum
(x) All are sources of calcium except:
(a) Red meat ✔
(b) Green leafy vegetables
(c) Broccoli
(d) Nuts
11. Process by which organism obtain and use the nutrients required for maintaining lfe is called: (a) nutrition ✔ (b) digestion (c) metabolism (d) circulation 12. Essential substances that our body needs in order to grow and stay healthy are known as: (0) vitamins (6) minerals (© food (AV nutrients 13. Itis the mode of nutrition in which an organism makes its own food from the simple inorganic materials. (a) Assimilation (6) Egestion (OV Autatrophic (d) Heterotrophic 14. Itis the mode of nutrition in which an organism can't make its own food but depends on other organisms. (a). Assimilation (6) Egestion (e) Autotrophic (d)V Heterotrophic 15. Tosynthesize food, plants and some bacteria have the green pigment called: (a) Chromoplasts (B)V chlorophyll (© leucoplast (d) Lysosomes
2. Fill in the blanks:
(i) Sea food is an excellent source of protein because it's usually low in fats.
(ii) Iron deficiency is associated with decreased cognitive abilities and resistance to diseases.
(iii) Wave of rhythmic movements of muscle contraction and relaxation called peristalsis.
(iv) Liquid secreted by the pancreas, which contains a variety of enzymes.
(v) Living organisms which derive their food from dead and decaying organic materials called saprotrophs or saprotrophic organisms.
(vi) Nutrients that are needed in the highest concentration called macronutrients.
(vii) Fertilizers are substances containing chemical elements such as manure or mixture of nitrates.
(viii) High solubility of fertilizers also degrades ecosystem through eutrophication.
(ix) Carbohydrates which digested quickly are called starch or simple carbohydrates.
(x) Each gram fat supplies the body with about 9 calories.
Process by which organism obtain and use the nutrients required for maintaining life is called nutrition. Ÿ Autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition Ÿ Autotrophic nutrition found in plants and some bacteria specially photosynthesis. Ÿ Heterotrophic nutrition found in animal and fungi which gets nutrients from other sources. Ÿ Heterotrophic which use plant as food called herbivorous and those which consume animals. and their products called carnivorous. Both are collectively called consumers. Ÿ The basis of mode living and the mode of intake of food heterotrophes may be parasitic, saprotrophic and holozoic. Ÿ Nutrition in unicellular organisms, like amoeba involve igestion by cell surface. Ÿ Process involving the absorption, distribution and utilization of mineral substances by plant called mineral nutrition. Ÿ The mineral nutrients are macronutrient i.e require in large quantity, micronutrient i.e require in small quantity. Summary meals, abdominal pain, rush of saliva after an episode of regurgitation, nausea and loss of appetite and weight. Ulcer can be treated with medicine, containing (alkaline composition) and avoiding spicy food. Ÿ Fertilizers are substances containing chemical elements such as manure or mixture of nitrates that improve growth of plants. Ÿ Naturally occurring materials which are not chemically modified called inorganic fertilizer. Ÿ Chemical substances which are more complex and takes time to be broken down into useable form called organic fertilizer. Ÿ So many environmental hazard are also related to chemical fertilizers Ÿ There are seven major classes of nutrients, Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, fibers, vitamins and water. Ÿ Balanced diet is related to age, six and activity of human. Ÿ Problems related to nutrition are grouped as malnutrition. Ÿ Kwashiorkor is a severe difficulty in dietary protein. Ÿ Marasmus characterized by energy deficiency sum of mineral difficulty diseases are Goiter, anemia. Ÿ Effects of malnutrition are starvation, heart diseases, constipation, obesity. Ÿ Digestion is the break down of complex food into simple absorbable nutrients.
No comments:
Post a Comment