Biology For Class X - Chapter No. 7 - Man And His Environment - Multiple Choice Questions And Fill In The Blanks By Sir Saeed Sarang

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CHAPTER 7: MAN AND HIS ENVIRONMENT

Multiple Choice Questions And Fill In The Blanks

Special Thanks To Sir Saeed Sarang (Sindh Text Book Board)
Contact # 03023006727
Youtube Channel # Shafquat Ali YouTube

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer:
1. The life sustaining envelop of earth is:
(a) Biomass
(b) Biomes
(c) Biosphere ✓
(d) Atmosphere

2. The group of organisms belong to the same species live in a particular area called:
(a) Community
(b) Species
(c) Genes
(d) Population ✓

3. An area where community interacts with non-living environment is called:
(a) Community
(b) Ecology
(c) Ecosystem ✓
(d) Biome

4. Any biological region recognized by its climate or vegetation is called:
(a) Ecosystem
(b) Biomes ✓
(c) Biosphere
(d) Biomass

5. The transfer of food material from producers through some organisms with repeated eating and being eaten is called:
(a) Food pyramid
(b) Food chain ✓
(c) Food web
(d) Ecological pyramid

6. The elements in ecosystem recycle through organisms with environment is called:
(a) Food chain
(b) Food web
(c) Chemical cycle
(d) Biogeochemical ✓

7. Process where nitrogenous compound of living organism convert into nitrates is called:
(a) Ammonification
(b) Nitrification ✓
(c) Denitrification
(d) Deamination

8. The cold war between the organisms of a community occupying the same habitat is called:
(a) Predation
(b) Competition ✓
(c) Mutualism
(d) Commensalism

9. The association between two different types of organism which get benefit to each other, cannot live without each other is called:
(a) Parasitism
(b) Commensalism
(c) Mutualism ✓
(d) Predation

10. The amount of solid waste or concentration of gases other than oxygen increase in atmosphere is called:
(a) Air pollution ✓
(b) Ozone depletion
(c) Acid rain
(d) Greenhouse effect

11. The area where an organism lives is called its:
(a) population
(b) habitat ✓
(c) community
(d) biome

12. The group of populations that lives in a particular area of habitat and interacts with each other is:
called:
(a) population
(b) community ✓
(c) biosphere
(d) biome

13. Enzyme activities of metabolic reactions are also altered with the changes in:
(a) light
(b) air
(c) water
(d) temperature ✓

14. The decomposed dead animals and plants are called:
(a) biomass
(b) biome
(c) humus ✓
(d) decomposer

15. It is an essential constituent of protein.
(a) Nitrogen ✓
(b) Oxygen
(c) Carbon
(d) Sodium

16. They are the primary source of energy for other organisms.
(a) Producers ✓
(b) Primary consumers
(c) Secondary consumers
(d) Decomposers

17. A bird that gets its energy and food when it eats grasshopper or caterpillar is:
(a) producers
(b) primary consumers
(c) secondary consumers ✓
(d) decomposers

18. Bacteria and fungi are:
(a) primary consumers
(b) secondary consumers
(c) tertiary consumers
(d) decomposers ✓

19. In a given ecosystem various food chains are linked together and interact with each other to form a complete network called:
(a) Food pyramid
(b) Food chain
(c) Food web ✓
(d) Ecological pyramid

20. Presentation of a number of individuals of amount of biomass or energy in various trophic levels from lower to a higher level is:
(a) Food pyramid
(b) food chain
(c) Food web
(d) Ecological pyramid ✓

21. Graphic presentation of members of the population in an area at different trophic levels is called:
(a) pyramid of number ✓
(b) pyramid of biomass
(c) food web
(d) food chain

22. The growth and life processes of living organisms require about:
(a) 47 elements
(b) 40 elements ✓
(c) 35 elements
(d) 24 elements

23. All biogeochemical cycles are closely interlinked with:
(a) water cycle
(b) energy flow in the ecosystem
(c) Both 'a' & 'b' ✓
(d) None of these

24. All the life on the earth is based on:
(a) carbon ✓
(b) oxygen
(c) hydrogen
(d) nitrogen

25. Respiration consumes it for the combustion of food for release of energy.
(a) hydrogen
(b) carbon dioxide
(c) nitrogen
(d) oxygen ✓

26. One of the Important constituent of protein and DNA.
(a) Carbon
(b) Nitrogen ✓
(c) Oxygen
(d) Sodium

27. Conversion of atmospheric free nitrogen gas into nitrates called:
(a) Nitrification
(b) Denitrification
(c) Nitrogen fixation ✓
(d) Deamination

28. Process of converting nitrogenous compound Into free nitrogen called:
(a) Nitrification
(b) Denitrification ✓
(c) Nitrogen fixation
(d) Deamination

29. Competition between the members of different species is:
(a) specific
(b) intraspecific
(c) interspecific ✓
(d) ultraspecific

30. It is an association between the two organisms of different species which live together.
(a) Symbiosis ✓
(b) Competition
(c) Predation
(d) None of these

31. A kind of spiral-shaped bacteria, spirochaete, living between our teeth to obtain food is an example of:
(a) mutualism
(b) parasitism
(c) predation
(d) commensalism ✓

32. The term describes how the ecosystem is organized in a state of stability where species exist with other species and the environment.
(a) Pyramid of biomass
(b) Ecological balance ✓
(c) Ecological pyramid
(d) Food web

33. Burning of fossil fuels results in:
(a) increased oxygen level
(b) increases greenhouse gases ✓
(c) decreases greenhouse gases
(d) increased nitrogen level

34. Which of the following greenhouse gases is present in very high quantities?
(a) Carbon dioxide
(b) Methane
(c) Both 'a' & 'b' ✓
(d) None of these

35. The main contributors of acid rain are:
(a) CO₂ & SO₂
(b) CO₂ & NO₂
(c) SO₂ & NO₂
(d) CO₂, SO₂ & NO₂ ✓

36. The main cause of acid rain is:
(a) soil pollution
(b) water pollution
(c) air pollution ✓
(d) all of the above

37. Acid rain causes damage to:
(a) microorganisms of soil
(b) skin of animals
(c) building material
(d) all of the above ✓

38. Main cause of depletion of the ozone layer is the CFC used as the propellant in:
(a) pressurized aerosol
(b) foaming agent
(c) refrigerators
(d) all of these ✓

39. Growth of algae with very high rate due to increase in phosphorous and nitrogen-containing compounds called:
(a) algal bloom
(b) eutrophication
(c) Both 'a' & 'b' ✓
(d) None of these

40. The Scientific study of environment, ecology, evolution and global change with in a combined form is called:
(a) Community
(b) Ecology
(c) Ecosystem
(d) environmental biology ✓

41.The scientific study of the various relationships exists between organism and their environment is called:
(a) Community
(b) Ecology ✓
(c) Ecosystem
(d) environmental biology

42. The largest possible major community comprised of all living organisms on the earth is called:
(a) Ecosystem
(b) Biomes
(c) Biosphere ✓
(d) Biomass

43. Light, temperature, water, soil and air (non-living components) are _________ components of an ecosystem.
(a) Biotic
(b) Abiotic ✓
(c) genetic
(d) Biological

44. Producers, consumers of all types and decomposers (living components) are called _________ component.
(a) Biotic ✓
(b) Abiotic
(c) genetic
(d) Biological

45. Graphic presentation of members of population in an area at different trophic levels is called:
(a) Food pyramid
(b) Pyramid of numbers ✓
(c) pyramid of biomass
(d) food web

46. Habitat of frog is:
(a) Ocean
(b) Pond ✓
(c) Land
(d) Sea

47. ____ is a source of energy for every ecosystem.
(a) Light ✓
(b) Temperature
(c) Water
(d) Soil

48. _____ is necessary for vision, for the start of certain biological process, making vitamin D in human beings and migration of many animals.
(a) Air
(b) Temperature
(c) Light ✓
(d) Water

49. ____ is the major part of protoplasm.
(a) Air
(b) Sugar
(c) Water ✓
(d) Salt

50. ___ is the gaseous envelope which surrounds the earth.
(a) Light
(b) Temperature
(c) Water
(d) Air ✓

51. ___ is vital for respiration of all living organism.
(a) Oxygen ✓
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Water
(d) CO₂

52. ___ is the main requirement of photosynthesis to produce carbohydrates.
(a) Oxygen
(b) Nitrogen ✓
(c) Water
(d) CO₂

53. All living organism which can trap and convert energy into food molecules called:
(a) Producers ✓
(b) Consumers
(c) Decomposers
(d) None of these

54. ____ are photosynthetic bacteria, alga and plants.
(a) Producers ✓
(b) Consumers
(c) Decomposers
(d) None of these

55. Animals and all other organisms which can not make their own food are called:
(a) Producers
(b) Consumers ✓
(c) Decomposers
(d) None of them

56. _____ consumers are herbivores.
(a) Primary ✓
(b) Secondary
(c) Tertiary
(d) All the above

57. Grasshopper or caterpillar are examples of _____ consumers.
(a) Primary ✓
(b) Secondary
(c) Tertiary
(d) None of them

58. Secondary and tertiary consumers are:
(a) Herbivores
(b) Carnivores ✓
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of them

59. A bird is an examples of _____ consumers.
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary ✓
(c) Tertiary
(d) None of them

60. An eagle is an example of _____ consumers.
(a) Primary
(b) Secondary
(c) Tertiary ✓
(d) None of them

61. Microorganisms which break down complex food molecules of dead organisms called:
(a) Producers
(b) Consumers
(c) Decomposers ✓
(d) None of them

62. Nitrogen fixing bacteria, Rhizobium are good example of:
(a) Parasitism
(b) Symbiosis
(c) Mutualism ✓
(d) Commensalism


FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. An area where community interacts with non-living environment and flow of energy occur is called Ecosystem.
2. The area where an organism lives is called its habitat.
3. The group of population lives in a particular area of habitat and interact with each other is called community.
4. The term 'ecosystem' was first proposed by Tansley in 1935.
5. 'Eco' means the environment (house) and 'System' implies an interacting area.
6. The biosphere may be divided into sub-levels, biomes.
7. Plants convert light energy into chemical energy by the process of photosynthesis.
8. The upper layer of earth crust consists of particles of varying size and decomposed organic material by microorganism called soil.
9. The decompose dead animals and plants are called humus.
10. All the organisms in an ecosystem need energy to carry out their life activities.
11. Humidity is the quantity of H₂O vapours in the air.
12. Humidity controls the rate of evaporation of and transpiration in plants.
13. In an ecosystem, organic and inorganic material flow in two ways, as cyclic process.
14. In ecosystem, the flow of food material progresses through food chain.
15. The step wise transfer of energy food are called trophic levels.
16. The reduction in transfer of energy at various levels in an ecosystem is expressed in the form of a pyramids called pyramid of energy.
17. In a given ecosystem various food chains are linked together and interact with each other to form a complex network called food web.
18. An English ecologist Charles Elton develops the concept of ecological pyramids in 1927.
19. Presentation of number of individuals or amount of biomass or energy in various trophic levels from lower to higher level is called Ecological pyramids.
20. The pyramid of total biomass of organisms at each trophic level is total mass of dry organic matter per unit area.
21. The elements cycle continuous through organism and environment are called Biogeochemical Cycles.
22. In an ecosystem living organisms develop number of relationships according to their needs.
23. In the ecosystem, herbivores develop their relation with producers.
24. In the ecosystem, carnivores depends on herbivores for their food.
25. In an ecosystem, competition between the members of same species is called intraspecific.
26. In an ecosystem, competition between the members of different species s called interspecific.
27. Plants use atmospheric nitrogen in the from of nitrates.
28. One group of bacteria live in water which is photosymthetic called cyanobacteria.
29. A predator is an organism which captures and kill the live animals for its food.
30. The animal being killed is called prey.
31. Pitcher plant and venus fly trap are predators, these plants are called carnivore plants.
32. Symbiosis is an association between the two organism of different species which live together.
33. Parasites lives in or on the body of other organism to get their food. Such organisms are called host.
34. Parasitism associated between host and parasite.
35. Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship.
36. In commensalism one of the organism commensal, gets the benefit whereas the other is neither benefited nor harmed.
37. Spirochaetae is a kind of spiral bacteria, living between our teeth to obtain food but cause no harm to us.
38. In mutualism two different kinds of organisms get benefit from living together.
39. All the interactions of living organism are important and help to keep the ecosystem balanced. This is called Ecological balance.
40. All the miseries lie in three 'Ps' i.e. population, pollution and poverty.
41. Dr. Paul Ehlrich of Stanford University regards 'population explosion' as a 'population bomb'.
42. The birth rate at present is 55 Million per year about 1000 babies are born per minute.
43. During burning of fossils fuels, CO₂ and methane produce which are called greenhouse gases.
44. Heat remains with in the earth's atmosphere and increases the temperature is called global warming or greenhouse effect.
45. Forests are cutting or destroying, this process is called deforestation.
46. Pollution means destruction of purity.
47. All those substances that cause pollution called pollutants.
48. Development of new forest or plantation is called Afforestation.
49. Growth of algae with very high rate due to increase in phosphorous and nitrogen contain compounds called algal bloom or eutrophication.