Chemistry I - For Class XI (Science) - Target Paper 2024 - By Sir Sajjad Akber Chandio

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Class XI (Science)
Chemistry I
Target Paper 2024

By Sir Sajjad Akber Chandio
Questions & Answer
i) Give three properties of 𝝰, 𝝱 and 𝝲 rays.
ii) Write down the electronic configuration of the following:

• Cu (Z = 29)
• Br^- (Z = 35)
• Ca⁺² (Z = 20)
• Cr (Z = 24)

(iii) What are X-Rays? How are they produced. Give their properties and uses?
iv) Derive an equation for the frequency of radiation and wave number of photon. Given that E = -k [¹ / _n²].
v) Write down the postulates of VSEPR theory and predict the following shapes: NH₃, CO₂, H₂S, CCl₄.
vi) Draw a molecular orbital diagram of O₂ molecule and

1. Write down MO electronic configuration.
2. Determine bond order.
3. Explain the paramagnetic behavior.

vii) Derive general gas equation. Also deduce the value of R in atm dm³/mol.K and J/mol.K.
viii) State and explain Dalton's law of partial pressure. Give practical application of Dalton's law.
ix) What is surface tension? Give its unit and describe the factors that affect the surface tension of liquid.
x) Define unit cell. Draw a diagram to show its axial distances and axial angles.
xi) What is meant by polymorphism? How it is related to allotropy. Give your answer with examples.
xii) State Le-Chatelier's principle. Explain the application of Le-Chatelier's principle by using Haber's process.
xiii) State law of mass action and derive its expression for general reversible reaction.
xiv) What is Buffer solution. Explain how it resist the change of pH by adding small amount of acid and base. give its applications.
xv) Write down the conjugate base of each of the following: H₂SO₄, H₂S, NH₄⁺, HCOOH
xvi) Define osmosis and osmotic pressure? Give four daily life examples of osmosis?
xvii) What is corrosion? What causes it to form? What can be down to prevent its production?
xviii) Liquid air and uses, Plasma and uses.
xix) Graham’s Law of diffusion
xx) Describe:
a) Hess Law & application
b) First Law of thermodynamic with application
c) Raoults Law derivation & its mathematical application

Definitions

• Stoichiometry
• Exponential notation
• Theoretical yield
• Actual yield
• Percentage yield
• Pauli's rule
• Hund's rule
• nth rule
• Molecular motion
• Molar heat vaporization
• Molar heat sublimation

Differences:

• Continuous & Line spectrum
• V.B.T & MOT
• BMO & ABMO
• Oxidation & Reduction
• Homogeneous & Heterogeneous catalyst
• Hydrophilic & Hydrophobic molecules
• Oxidising agent & Reducing agent
• Miscible & Immiscible liquid
• Primary cell & Secondary cell
• Exothermic and Endothermic reaction
• Crystalline solid and amorphous solid

Scientific Reasons:
i) Oil is insoluble in water but soluble in hexane. why?
ii) Sigma bond is stronger than pi bond
iii) Density of water is highest at 4℃
iv) Honey is more viscous than water.
v) Water spilled on floor evaporates faster than the same amount of water in a container.
vi) Explain why diamond is non conductor of electricity and graphite is conductor.
vii) Why is the aqueous solution of NH₄Cl is acidic and Na₂CO₃ is alkaline
viii) Milk sour more rapidly in summer than in winter.
ix) Reactant in solution react faster than in water.
x) Rising the temperature cause an increase in the rate of the reaction.
xi) Why no hexane petrol is immiscible to water.
xii) Why does ice float on the surface of liquid water

Numericals:
Chap 1: example 1.5, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, Q 4
Chap 2: example 2.3 , 2.1
Chap 4: example 4.3, 4.8 Q 5 and Q7
Chap 7: example 7.3, Q2
Chap 8: Q1
Chap 9: example 9.2, Q3
Chap 10: example 10.3, 10.7, Q1
Chap 11: example 11.3, 11.5, Q.3, 5, 6
Chap 12: all