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Chapter No.6: Environmental Chemistry II
(Water)
For Class X (Science Group)
SECTION A - Multiple Choice QuestionsS (MCQs)
Tick the correct answer from the following:1. Which of the following water-borne diseases is of viral origin?
a) Typhoid fever
b) Polio
c) Dysentery
d) Diarrhea ✓
2. How much percentage (%) of the Earth's Surface is covered with water?
a) 70% ✓
b) 60%
c) 90%
d) 75%
3. Which type of bond is formed between H2O molecules?
a) Hydrogen bond ✓
b) Ionic bond
c) Covalent bond
d) All of these
4. The permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of:
a) MgS04
b) Mg(HCO3)2
c) Ca(HCO3)2
d) All of these ✓
5. How much fresh water is present in rivers and lakes?
a) 0.3%
b) 3%
c) 0.2%
d) 2% ✓
6. Which salts are excessively dissolved to make temporary hard water?
a) CaSO24 and CaCl2
b) KNO3 and KOH
c) CaCO3 and Ca(OH)2
d) Ca(HCO3)2 and Mg(HCO3)2 ✓
7. Water is a:
a) polar solvent
b) non-polar solvent
c) amphipathic solvent
d) non-polar charged solvent ✓
8. The taste of water is:
a) sour
b) bitter
c) sweet
d) tasteless ✓
9. Which of the following is helpful for the removal of permanent hardness?
a) Na2C03 ✓
b) Ca(OH)2
c) CaCO3
d) Na2SO4
More Multiple Choice QuestionsS (MCQs)
10. Without water, a person can live no more than:a) 2 to 3 days
b) 4 to 5 days ✓
c) 6 to 7 days
d) 8 to 9 days
11. Water makes up around _____ of the earth's surface.
a) one-sixth
b) one fourth
c) one third ✓
d) half
12. What percentage of water on the earth is salt water?
a) 30%
b) 70%
c) 87%
d) 97% ✓
13. What percentage of water on the earth is fresh water?
a) 3% ✓
b) 30%
c) 70%
d) 97%
14. What percentage of fresh water is accessible to humans?
a) less than 0.5% of the total quantity on the planet
b) less than 1% of the total quantity on the planet ✓
c) more than 3% of the total quantity on the planet
d) more than 30% of the total quantity on the planet
15. Water is litmus:
a) neutral ✓
b) basic
c) acidic
d) None of them
16. At 4°C, maximum density of water is:
a) 100 g.cm-3
b) 70 g.cm-3
c) 10 g.cm-3
d) 1 g.cm-3 ✓
17. It is known as the universal solvent:
a) Sulphuric acid
b) Nitric acid
c) Water ✓
d) Aqua Regia
18. Which of the following is NOT soluble in water?
a) Benzene
b) Ether
c) Petrol
d) All of these ✓
19. The mechanism by which water rises from the roots of plants to the leaves is known as:
a) eutrophication
b) leaching
c) capillary action ✓
d) photosynthesis
20. An excess of bile pigments in the blood causes:
a) dysentery (
b) jaundice ✓
c) cryptosporidium
d) polio Eilip
21. In this disease the liver stops working, and the eyes turn yellow. The patient is weak and tired.
a) Typhoid
b) Hepatitis E
c) Jaundice ✓
d) Cryptosporidium
22. Hookworm larvae enter the body via the:
a) mouth
b) skin ✓
c) nose
d) wound
23. Fluorosis can harm our:
a) bones
b) teeth
c) Both 'a' & 'b' ✓
d) None of these
24. It is a gastrointestinal ailment caused by a waterborne microbe (protozoa) that causes diarrhea and vomiting.
a) Typhoid
b) Hepatitis E
c) Jaundice
d) Cryptosporidium ✓
25. It is a kind of gastrointestinal infection caused by bacteria or parasites.
a) Dysentery ✓
b) Jaundice
c) Cryptosporidium
d) Polio
Fill In The Blanks
1. Water is the most abundant compound on earth. Its main sources are rain, river, lakes, canal, ground and sea water.2. 97.5 percent water is saline and rest of water is fresh and able to use.
3. Water is composed of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
4. Water is considered as a universal solvent.
5. Oxygen form one fifth part of the water.
6. The maximum density of water is 1 gm.cm-3 at 4°C.
7. Freezing point of water is 0°C.
8. Boiling point of water is 100°C.
9. Water shows the anomalous behavior due to the hydrogen bonding so it freezes at 0°C.
10. Water quality is important for the ecological process. even that our own life is depends on quality of water such as watering stock, drinking, fishing and recreation, and to meet cultural and spiritual needs.
11. Drinking water can proceed in to several steps such as creeks, dams, canal, treatment plants, pipes and then in taps.
12. Water which have the less amount of soluble salt is known as soft water.
13. If the saline salt is soluble in excess quantity than hard water is formed.
14. There are two types of hardness in water: temporary and permanent hardness.
15. Temporary hardness formed by the bicarbonates salt of Ca and Mg. 16. Temporary hardness can be removed by boiling of water.
17. Permanent hardness is formed by the salt of sulfate and chloride with Ca and Mg.
18. The main sources of water pollutants are sewage water causes by households and industries which effect the main pollutants in water.
19. Water pollutants may be physical chemical and in microorganism.
20. Diseases which are caused by contamination called the waterborne diseases.
21. Water borne diseases are also caused by virus, bacteria and protozoa.
22. Diarrhea and cholera are the main waterborne diseases.
Elements and Compunds With Formulas
Elements With Symbols
- Cadmium = Cd
- Calcium = Ca
- Calcium ion = Ca+2
- Carbon = C
- Chlorine ion = Cl-1
- Hydrogen ion = H+
- Lead = Pb
- Magnesium = Mg
- Magnesium ion = Mg+2
- Mercury = Hg
- Oxygen = O
- Uxygen ion = O-2
- Potassium ion = K+1
- Sodium ion = Na+1
Compounds With Formulas
- Aluminium Sulfate = Al2(SO4)3
- Benzane = C6H6
- Calcium Bicarbonate = Ca(HCO3)2
- Calcium Carbonate (Limestone) = CaCO3
- Calcium Chloride = CaCl2
- Calcium hydroxide (Slaked lime OR Lime water) = Ca(OH)2
- Calcium Sulphate = CaSO4
- Carbon dioxide = CO2
- Ether = (C2H5)O
- Ferrous (Iron) Sulphate = FeSO4
- Glucose = C6H12O6
- Hydroxyl ion = OH-1
- Magnesium Bicarbonate = Mg(HCO3)2
- Magnesium Carbonate = MgCO3
- Magnesium Chloride = MgCl2
- Magnesium Sulphate = MgSO4
- Nitrate = NO3-
- Phosphate = PO4-3
- Potassium Chloride = KCl
- Sodium Carbonate (Washing Soda) = Na2CO3
- Sodium Chloride = NaCl
- Sodium Sulphate = Na2SO4
- Sodium Zeolite = NaAlSi2O6-H2O
- Sugar = C12H22O11
- Water = H22O
Concept Map
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