Climate Change: Its Causes And Effects - UNIT: 07 Effect Of Climate Change On The Society - English Paper II (Compulsory) - For Class XII (All Groups) - Short Question Answers

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Unit 07: Effect Of Climate Change On The Society
Climate Change: Its Causes And Effects
English II (C)
For Class XII (All Groups)

Short Question Answers
From Text Book Exercise

Q.1: How does climate change affect water availability in different regions?
Ans: Climate change causes irregular rainfall, longer droughts, and melting glaciers, which affect freshwater supply. Some areas may experience flooding, while others suffer water shortages. This uneven distribution makes it harder for people to access clean and reliable water.

Q.2: How does climate change impact biodiversity and species survival?
Ans: Climate change alters ecosystems, changes temperatures, and destroys habitats. Many species can't adapt quickly enough, leading to extinction. Animals like polar bears lose ice habitats, while coral reefs die, due to warming oceans threatening thousands of marine species.

Q.3: How is the increase in poverty an effect of the climate change?
Ans: Climate change damages crops, water sources, and livelihoods, especially in poor regions. When people lose food, homes, or jobs due to floods, droughts, or storms, they fall deeper into poverty. Recovery becomes difficult without resources or support.

Q.4: What 's climate change and what are its main causes?
Ans: Climate change is the long-term change in Earth's climate, mainly caused by human activities such as:
• Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas)
• Deforestation
• Industrial pollution
• Agriculture and waste emissions
These actions increase greenhouse gases, which trap heat and warm the planet

Q.5: How does deforestation contribute to climate change?
Ans: Trees absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂). When forests are cut down, this CO₂ is released into the atmosphere, adding to the greenhouse effect. Fewer trees mean less carbon absorption and more warming of the Earth. Cutting down forests is caused to demolish farmlands and pastures.

Q.6: Why might people in small island nations be more affected by climate change than others?
Ans: Small islands are at high risk of sea level rise, which can flood homes, contaminate freshwater, and even make islands uninhabitable. These nations have fewer resources to fight climate disasters, making them extremely vulnerable.

Q.7: Why is the ocean both a victim and a helper in the fighi against climate change?
Ans: Victim Oceans: absorb excess heat and CO₂, causing warming, acidification, and damage to marine life.
Helper Oceans: act as carbon sinks, absorbing CO₂ and slowing global warming.
Healthy oceans: help regulate the climate.

Q.8: Do you think switching to renewable energy can solve all climate problems? Why or why not?
Ans: Switching to renewable energy like solar, wind, and hydro can greatly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but not solve all climate problems alone. Other actions like reforestation, sustainable agriculture, and waste reduction are also needed. It's a combined global effort.

Q.9: What connection can you draw between climate change and poverty?
Ans: Climate change worsens poverty by damaging agriculture, housing, and health, especially in poor countries that lack resources to recover. Poor communities are less prepared for disasters and have fewer safety nets, making them more vulnerable.

Q.10: Why is climate change considered a global issue, not just a local or national one?
Ans: Climate change affects the entire planet i.e. weather patterns, oceans, wildlife, and human health across all continents. Carbon emissions in one country can impact the atmosphere worldwide. That's why it needs global cooperation to find and implement solutions.

More Short Question Answers

Q.11: How does urbanization contributr yo climate change?
Ans: Urbanization increases the demand for energy in transportation, housing, and industry. More people living in cities means more electricity usage like air conditioning, lighting, and appliances, most of which comes from burning fossil fuels. As cities expand, they also produce more waste, consume more goods, and increase vehicle use, all contributing significantly to greenhouse gas emissions.

Q.12: How does climate change affect human health?
Ans: Climate change harms health in many ways, including increasing air pollution, spreading diseases, and intensifying hunger and malnutrition. Extreme weather events like floods and heatwaves cause injuries, mental stress, and disrupt healthcare systems. Poor communities suffer the most, as they lack the resources to recover or protect themselves from these health threats.

Q.13: Why is sustainable waste management important in combating. clirnate change?
Ans: Sustainable waste management reduces greenhouse gas emissions, especially methane from landfills. Recycling, composting, and reducing single-use products prevent waste buildup and lower the need for energy-intensive processing. Poorly managed waste not only pollutes the environment but also adds to global warming, making proper disposal and recycling critical.

Q.14: Why are rising ocean temperatures and levels a major concern?
Ans: As oceans absorb more heat, their volume increases, causing sea levels to rise. Melting glaciers and ice sheets add more water to the oceans, threatening coastal communities. Warmer oceans also harm marine life and coral reefs, which are essential for biodiversity. Acidification from absorbing excess CO₂ turther endangers ocean ecosystems.

Q.15: How can individuals, contribute to slowtng down climate change?
Ans: Individuals can adopt eco-friendly habits like using energy-efficient appliances, reducing waste, recycling, walking or cycling instead of driving, and supporting renewable energy. Making climate-conscious choices in diet such as reducing meat consumption and buying locally can also lower emissions. Small lifestyle changes, when done collectively, can have a large impact.