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Wednesday 6 April 2022

Mathematics For Class IX - (New Book 2022 and Onward) - Mathematical Symbols

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Mathematical Symbols


Symbol Name in Maths Symbols Meaning Example
 not equal sign  inequality 10 ≠ 6
= equals sign equality 3 = 1 + 2
< strict inequality less than 7 < 10
> strict inequality greater than 6 > 2
 inequality less than or equal to x ≤ , means, x = y or x < y, but not vice-versa.
 inequality greater than or equal to a ≥ b, means, a = b or a > b, but vice-versa, does not hold true.
[ ] square brackets calculate expression inside first [2 x 5] + 7 = 17
( ) parentheses calculate expression inside first 3 x (3 + 7) = 30
- minus sign subtraction 5 - 2 = 3
+ plus sign addition 4 + 5 = 9
 minus-plus both minus and plus operations 1 ∓ 4 = -3 and 5
+ or ± plus - minus both plus and minus operations 5 ± 3 = 8 and 2
x times sign multiplication 4 x 3 = 12
* asterisk multiplication 2 * 3 = 6
÷ division sign / obelus 15 ÷ 5 = 3 Such that
 multiplication dot multiplication 2 • 3 = 6
 horizontal line division / fraction 8/ 4 = 2
/ division slash division  6/2 = 3
^ caret/circumflex and x ^ y
 And and x ∙ y
+ Plus or x + y
& Ampersand and x & y
| vertical line or x | y
 reversed caret or  x ∨ y
x Bar unknow variable → = 2 (suppose)
x'  single-quote not - negation x'
! Exclamation mark not - negation ! x
 Tilde negation ∼ x
< > Equivalent if and only if (iff) Such that
 Implies often step x = 2
⇒ 2 = 0 (example)
 for all   for all - for group of numbers {x | x ∈ R, ∀ < >}
 Equivalent if only if (iff) n/a
 there exists n/a  n/a
 because / since replace for wording  ∵ x = 2
 Therefore replace for wording  ∴ x = 10
Ε Epsilon represents a very small number, near-zero  Ε → 0
limx → a  limit limit value of a function limx → a (3x + 1) = 3xa+1 = 3a+ I
 angle formed by two rays ∠ABC = 30°
 measured angle show the angle value ∠ABC = 30°
 spherical angle show the angle value AOB= 30°
 right angle  = 90° α = 90°
° degree 2πr=360° α = 60°
Z integer no. set Z= {...-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3,...} -6 ∈ Z
Q rational no. set {x | x ∈ Q^ x = a /b, a, b; ∈ Q}   x ∈ Q
R real no. set {x | x ∈ R^ -∞ < x < ∞} 6.34 ∈ R



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