Differences From All Chapters - Biology - Class XI (Science Group)

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Differences of Biology
(Class: 1^st Year)

By Anees Hussain (Excellence In Education Since 1989)
Prepared By By: Faisal Saeed

Differentiate Between

1. Acraniata & Craniata
2. Protostomes & Deuterostomes
3. Osteichthyes & Chondrichthyes
4. Ratitae & Carinatae
5. DNA & RNA
6. Arteries & Veins
7. Transpiration & Guttation
8. Aerobic Respiration & Anaerobic Respiration
9. Respiration & Photosynthesis
10. Single circuit plan & Double circuit plan
11. Sexual Reproduction & Asexual Reproduction
12. Active immunity & Passive immunity
13. Bryophytes & Tracheophytes
14. Angiosperms & Gymnosperms
15. Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes
16. Open type circulatory system & Closed type circulatory system
17. Complete Double circuit & Incomplete Double circuit
18. Saturated Acylglycerol & Unsaturated Acylglycerol
19. Hibernation & Aestivation

Difference Between Acraniata & Craniata

S.NO.	Acraniata	Craniata
1.	They do not have Cranium.	They have Cranium.
2.	The proper Brain is absent.	The proper Brain is present.
3.	The Brain is not protected by Cranium (Brain box).	The Brain is protected by Cranium (Brain Box).
4.	They have two classes, Urochordata and Cephalochordata.	They have also two main classes, Agnatha and Gnathostomata.
5.	They are not well developed animals.	They are well developed animals.

Difference Between Protostomes & Deuterostomes

S.NO.	Protostomes	Deuterostomes
1.	These are the living organisms in which blastopore develop into mouth.	These are the living organisms in which blastopore develop into anus
2.	Mouth develops first.	Mouth develops later.
3.	Protostomes are invertebrates.	Deuterostomes are mainly vertebrates.
4.	Their body is not well developed.	Their body is properly developed.
5.	e.g.: Arthropods, Molluscus, Annelids	e.g.: Mammals, Birds, Amphibians, Reptiles, Fish

Difference Between Osteichthyes & Chondrichthyes

S.NO.	Osteichthyes	Chondrichthyes
1.	Their body is composed of Bones.	Their body is composed of Cartilages.
2.	Mouth is present at the anterior region.	Mouth is present on the ventral side.
3.	Their body is covered with cycloid scales.	Their body is covered with placoid scales.
4.	They have Homocercal Tail fin.	They have Heterocercal Tail fin.
5.	Their Gills are covered with Operculum.	Their Gills are not covered.

Difference Between Ratitae & Carinatae

S.NO.	Ratitae	Carinatae
1.	These Birds cannot fly.	These Birds can fly.
2.	They have Raft like sternum.	They have Keel like sternum.
3.	They have heavy body weight.	They have light body weight.
4.	Their wings are not well developed for flying.	Their wing are well developed for flying.
5.	Their bones are not hollow.	Their bones are hollow.
6.	e.g.: Ostrich, Kiwi	e.g.: Sparrow, Pigeon, Parrot.

Difference Between DNA & RNA

S.NO.	DNA	RNA
1.	DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid.	RNA stands for Ribonucleic acid.
2.	DNA is a Double strand structure.	RNA is a Single strand structure.
3.	It contains Deoxyribose sugar.	It contains Ribose sugar.
4.	It has Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine.	It has Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil.
5.	It is present only in Nucleus.	It has Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Uracil.
6.	It is responsible for hereditary characteristics.	It is responsible for Protein synthesis.
7.	It has no further types.	It has three types. m-RNA, t-RNA, r-RNA.

Difference Between Arteries & Veins

S.NO.	Arteries	Veins
1.	They carry blood away from heart.	They bring the blood towards heart.
2.	They contain oxygenated blood.	They contain deoxygenated blood.
3.	Pulmonary artery contains deoxygenated blood.	Pulmonary vein contains oxygenated blood.
4.	Arteries are Elastic.	Veins are non-elastic.
5.	They have Thick wall.	They have thin wall.
6.	Their lumen is smaller.	Their lumen is larger.

Difference Between Transpiration & Guttation

S.NO.	Transpiration	Guttation
1.	It is the removal of water in the form of vapours.	It is the removal of water in the form of droplets (liquid).
2.	It takes place through Stomata.	It takes place through Hydathodes.
3.	It takes place during day time.	It takes place during night time.
4.	Escaped water is pure, i.e. do not contain minerals	Escaped water is not pure, i.e. contain minerals.

Difference Between Aerobic Respiration & Anaerobic Respiration

S.NO.	Aerobic Respiration	Anaerobic Respiration
1.	It takes place in the presence of Oxygen.	It takes place in the absence of Oxygen.
2.	It occurs in the mitochondria.	It does not occur in mitochondria.
3.	Large amount of energy is liberated.	Low amount of energy is liberated.
4.	Mostly occurs in multicellular organisms.	Mostly occurs in unicellular organisms.
5.	End product is CO2, H2O and ATP.	End product are Ethyl alcohol, Lactic acid.

Difference Between Respiration & Photosynthesis

S.NO.	Respiration	Photosynthesis
1.	It occurs in all the living organisms.	It occurs in plants only.
2.	It is a catabolic process.	It is an Anabolic Process.
3.	It occurs in mitochondria.	It occurs in Chloroplast of plant cells.
4.	C6H12O6 + O2  ⟶ CO2 + H2O + ATP.	CO2 + H2O ⟶ C6H12O6 + O2
5.	It takes place all the time, Day and Night.	It only takes place during day time.

Difference Between Single circuit plan & Double circuit plan

S.NO.	Single circuit plan	Double circuit plan
1.	Blood flows only in one direction.	Blood flows in Two directions.
2.	Heart never receives oxygenated blood.	Heart receives oxygenated & deoxygenated blood.
3.	Heart consists of only two chambers.	Heart consists of Three or Four chambers.
4.	It is present in Fish only.	It is present in Tetrapods.

Difference Between Sexual Reproduction & Asexual Reproduction

S.NO.	Sexual Reproduction	Asexual Reproduction
1.	Male and female gametes fuse.	Male and female gametes do not fuse.
2.	Two parents are involved.	Only one parent is enough.
3.	Variation occurs in new generation.	No variation occurs in new generation.
4.	Offspring's are changed from their parents.	Offspring's are exact copy of their parents.
5.	It provides the basis of Evolution.	It does not provide the basis for evolution.

Difference Between Active immunity & Passive immunity

S.NO.	Active immunity	Passive immunity
1.	It is provided by the antibodies synthesized by the body.	It is provided by the antibodies comes from outside the body.
2.	It is for long duration of time.	It is for short duration of time.
3.	It is slow immune response.	It is a fast immune response.
4.	Vaccination includes in this category.	Transfusion of antibodies involved.

Difference Between Bryophytes & Tracheophytes

S.NO.	Bryophytes	Tracheophytes
1.	These are non-vascular plants.	These are Vascular plants.
2.	They are smaller in size. (20cm)	They are Larger in size. (100m)
3.	They require water for fertilization.	They do not require water for fertilization.
4.	They have no proper stem, no leaves and no roots.	They have proper stem, Leaves and proper roots.
5.	They grow horizontally.	They grow vertically.
6.	The gametophyte generation is dominant.	The sporophyte generation is dominant

Difference Between Angiosperms & Gymnosperms

S.NO.	Angiosperms	Gymnosperms
1.	They produce covered seeds.	They produce uncovered seeds.
2.	The reproductive part is Flower.	The reproductive part is Cone.
3.	They Produce fruits.	They do not produce fruits.
4.	They have vessels for water transport.	They have tracheal for water transport.
5.	E.g.: Pea plant	E.g.: Pinus Tree

Difference Between Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes

S.NO.	Prokaryotes	Eukaryotes
1.	They do not have true nucleus.	They have true nucleus
2.	The genetic material is present in cytoplasm.	The genetic material is present inside nucleus.
3.	They do not have membrane bounded organelles. (Mitochondria, Golgi complex)	They have membrane bounded organelles. (Mitochondria, Golgi complex)
4.	They are only unicellular organisms.	They are unicellular and multicellular.
5.	They are not well developed organisms.	They are well developed organisms.
6.	E.g.: Bacteria and Cyanobacteria	E.g.: Euglena, Fungi, Plants, Animals

Difference Between Open type circulatory system & Closed type circulatory system

S.NO.	Open type circulatory system	Closed type circulatory system
1.	In this type, Blood comes in direct contact with body organs.	In this type, Blood do not comes in direct contact with body organs.
2.	In this type, Blood comes out of blood vessels.	In this type, Blood do not comes out of blood vessels.
3.	In this type, the blood is haemolymph. (White fluid)	In this type, the blood is haemoglobin. (Red fluid)
4.	E.g.: invertebrates (Arthropods)	E.g.: vertebrates (Mammals, birds, fish etc)

Difference Between Complete Double circuit & Incomplete Double circuit

S.NO.	Complete Double circuit	Incomplete Double circuit
1.	In this type, oxygenated and deoxygenated blood does not mix with each other.	In this type, oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix with each other.
2.	The heart consists of Four chambers.	The heart consists of Three chambers
3.	The heart has Two Atriums and Two Ventricles	The heart has Two Atriums and One Ventricle.
4.	It is Efficient Circulatory system.	It is inefficient Circulatory system.
5.	E.g.: Mammals and Birds only	E.g.: Amphibians and Reptiles only

Difference Between Saturated Acylglycerol & Unsaturated Acylglycerol

S.NO.	Saturated Acylglycerol	Unsaturated Acylglycerol
1.	It has only single bond between carbon atoms.	It has double bond between carbon atoms.
2.	It is only found in Animals.	It is only found in Plants.
3.	It is Solid at room Temperature.	It is Liquid at room Temperature.
4.	E.g.: Animals fat, Butter etc.	E.g.: Mustard oil, Peanut oil etc.

Difference Between Hibernation & Aestivation

S.NO.	Hibernation	Aestivation
1.	It is known as Winter sleep.	It is known as Summer sleep.
2.	The animal spend winter season in a warm place.	The animal spend summer season in cool shady place.
3.	The animal require large amount of fats.	The animals do not require fats.
4.	They can slow down their metabolism during hibernation.	They do not slow down their metabolism during aestivation.
5.	E.g.: Frog	E.g.: Snail