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Sunday, 5 July 2026

Unit 12: Electromagnetic Spectrum - Physics II - For Class X (Science Group) - MCQs, Fill in the blanks and Concept Map

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Unit 12: Electromagnetic Spectrum
Physics II
For Class X (Science Group)


Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
From Text Book Exercise

Choose the correct answer from the following choices:
✓ 1. The waves that have maximum penetrating power to treat tumours are:
(a) ultraviolet radiation
(b) microwaves
(c) gamma-rays ✔
(d) radio waves

2. The electromagnetic rays used in radiotherapy to destroy cancer cells are:
(a) infrared rays
(b) visible rays
(c) x - rays ✔
(d) ultraviolet rays

3. The velocity of light in a diamond is:
(whereas the refractive index of a diamond with respect to vacuum is 2.5)
(a) 1.2 x 108 m/s ✔
(b) 5 x 108 m/s
(c) 1.2 x 1010 m/s
(d) 2.5 x 108 m/s

4. The group containing only electromagnetic waves is:
(a) Light waves, radio waves, Microwaves ✔
(b) Light waves, Radio waves, Sound waves
(c) Light waves, Sound waves, Microwaves
(d) Radio waves, Sound waves, Microwaves

5. The list that shows electromagnetic waves in order of increasing wavelength is:
(a) Microwaves, X-rays, Gamma-rays
(b) Microwaves, Gamma-rays, X-rays
(c) X-rays, Gamma-rays, Microwaves
(d) Gamma-rays, X-rays, Microwaves ✔

6. The type of electromagnetic wave used in security scanners at night is:
(a) infra-red ✔
(b) microwaves
(c) radio waves
(d) X-ray

7. A narrow beam of white light passes from air into the glass and is refracted. The wave characteristic remains unchanged in its:
(a) direction
(b) frequency ✔
(c) speed
(d) wavelength

8. The type of waves that are used in the television remote controllers:
(a) Radio waves
(b) Infra-red waves ✔
(c) Ultra-violet waves
(d) Visible light

9. The colour that is least deviated by a prism:
(a) Violet ray
(b) Green ray
(c) Red ray ✔
(d) Yellow-ray

10. The optical phenomenon in which the splitting of white light into seven distinct colours occur is called:
(a) refraction
(b) reflection
(c) dispersion ✔
(d) diffraction

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More Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
From Chapter

11. The white light consists of:
(a) 5 colours
(b) 6 colours
(c) 7 colours ✔
(d) 8 colours

12. This colour has a maximum speed in the glass prism, with the slightest deviation.
(a) Violet
(b) Blue
(c) Green
(d) Red ✔

13. This colour has minimum speed, which with most deviation.
(a) Violet ✔
(b) Blue
(c) Green
(d) Red

14. This colour has its own refracted path in the air and becomes distinct on the spectrum.
(a) Red
(b) Violet ✔
(c) Yellow
(d) Orange

15. It has the highest wavelength of all the colours.
(a) Red ✔
(b) Violet
(c) Yellow
(d) Orange

16. Which statement is TRUE about the red light?
(a) The air molecules least scatter it
(b) It can travel the longest distance
(c) It penetrates through rain mist, and fog
(d) All of them ✔

17. Vibrating atoms in a hot, glowing bulb filament emit:
(a) infrared and visible light ✔
(b) ultraviolet and visible light
(c) microwave and visible light
(d) radio waves and visible light

18. Electromagnetic waves are:
(a) longitudinal waves
(b) transverse waves ✔
(c) mechanical waves
(d) Both 'a' and 'c'

19. All electromagnetic waves travel through space or vacuum at the same speed of:
(a) 300000 km/s
(b) 3 x 108 m/s
(c) Both 'a' & 'b' ✔
(d) None of them

20. Light-year is a unit of:
(a) distance ✔
(b) time
(c) speed
(d) None of these

21. The direction of wave motion of electromagnetic waves is:
(a) perpendicular to electric field
(b) perpendicular to magnetic field
(c) perpendicular to electric eectric & magnetic fields ✔
(d) parallel to electic & netic fields

22. Which of these electromagnetic waves has a high frequency?
(a) X-rays
(b) Gamma rays
(c) Both 'a' & 'b' ✔
(d) None of these

23. It has the longest wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum.
(a) X-rays
(b) Gamma rays
(c) Microwaves
(d) Radio waves ✔

24. The list that shows electromagnetic waves from the lowest to the highest frequency is:
(a) radio waves, microwaves, visible light ✔
(b) visible light, infrared radiations, x-rays
(c) gamma rays, x-rays, visible light
(d) visible light, radio waves, ultraviolet radiations

25. Stars are natural transmitters of:
(a) microwaves
(b) radio waves ✔
(c) ultraviolet rays
(d) x-rays

26. The human body also gives out:
(a) microwaves
(b) radio waves
(c) infrared radiations ✔
(d) x-rays

27. It has been used for security purposes, particularly in military technology.
(a) Infrared waves ✔
(b) Microwaves
(c) Radio waves
(d) Ultraviolet rays

28. Ultraviolet radiation is further divided into:
(a) two bands
(b) three bands ✔
(c) four bands
(d) five bands

29. This kind of lamp is used in sunbeds for artificial tanning.
(a) Mierowave
(b) Infrared
(c) Gamma rays
(d) Ultraviolet ✔

30. They are produced when fast-moving electrons lose their energy quickly.
(a) Microwaves
(b) Infrared
(c) x-rays ✔
(d) gamma rays

31. They are highly penetrating that can pass through flesh but not bones.
(a) The long-wavelength x-rays
(b) The low-frequency x-rays
(c) Both 'a' & 'b' ✔
(d) None of them

32. It uses a series of low-frequency X-rays and a computer to produce a 3D image of soft tissues and bones.
(a) Computed Tomography (CT) scan ✔
(b) Radiation Therapy
(c) Industrial radiography
(d) x-rays

33. It is a cancer treatment that uses controlled doses of high-frequency x-rays to kill cancerous cells and shrink tumours.
(a) Computed Tomography (CT) scan
(b) Radiation Therapy ✔
(c) Industrial radiography
(d) x-rays

34. They are produced when the nuclei of unstable atoms decay into a stable nucleus or lose energy.
(a) Microwave
(b) Infrared
(c) Gamma rays ✔
(d) Ultraviolet

35. Which of the following has a minimum wavelength?
(a) Gamma rays ✔
(b) Blue light
(c) Infrared rays
(d) Microwave

36. Which among the following has the maximum penetrating power?
(a) Radio waves
(b) Microwaves
(c) Ultraviolet radiation
(d) Gamma rays ✔

37. The structure of solids is investigated by using:
(a) microwaves
(b) gamma rays
(c) x-rays ✔
(d) infrared rays

38. The ultra-high frequency band of radio waves in the electromagnetic wave is used as in:
(a) television
(b) cellular phone communication ✔
(c) commercial FM radio
(d) Both 'a' and 'b'

39. The waves used by artificial satellites for communication are:
(a) microwaves ✔
(b) infrared waves
(c) radio waves
(d) x-rays

40. Which of the following electromagnetic waves is used in medicine to destroy cancer cells?<br> (a) Infrared rays
(b) Visible rays
(c) Gamma rays ✔
(d) Ultraviolet rays

41. Which of the following has a minimum wavelength?
(a) Blue light
(b) Gamma rays ✔
(c) Infrared rays
(d) Microwave

42. Waves in decreasing order of their wavelength are:
(a) x-rays, infrared rays, visible rays, radio waves
(b) radio waves, visible rays, infrared rays, x-rays
(c) radio waves, infrared rays, visible rays, x-rays ✔
(d) radio waves, ultraviolet rays, visible rays, x-rays

43. Which of the following statement is false for the properties of'electromagnetic waves?
(a) Both electric and magnetic field vectors attain the maxima and minima at the same place and same time
(b) The energy in-electromagnetic waves is divided equally between electric and magnetic field Vectors
(c) Both electric and magnetic field vectors are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave ✔
(d) These waves do not require any material medium for propagation

44. Which one of the following has the shortest wavelength?
(a) Infrared rays
(b) Ultraviolet rays
(c) Microwaves
(d) Gamma rays ✔

45. Select the wrong statement. Electromagnetic waves:
(a) are transverse in nature
(b) travel in free space at a speed of light
(c) are produced by accelerating charges
(d) travel in all media with the same speed ✔

46. Select the correct statement(s) from the following:
(i) Wavelength of microwaves is greater than that of ultraviolet rays.
(ii) The wavelength of infrared rays is lesser than that of ultraviolet rays.
(iii) The wavelength of microwaves is lesser than that of infrared rays.
(iv) Gamma-ray has the shortest wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv) ✔

47. Choose the electromagnetic wave that is the most dangerous to humans.
(a) Radio waves
(b) Ultraviolet rays ✔
(c) Microwaves
(d) Infrared

48. What are the two colours that emerge from Prism's two extreme ends?
(a) Blue and Green
(b) Yellow and Orange
(c) Red and Orange
(d) Violet and Red ✔

49. In a vacuum, all electromagnetic spectrum components have the same:
(a) frequency
(b) wavelength
(c) velocity ✔
(d) energy

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Fill In The Blanks

1. A prism is a transparent block of glass that produces dispersion.
2. The prism refracts the narrow beam of white light that cause the spectrum of colors.
3. Dispersion of white light is splitting white light into its constituent colors.
4. Every wavelength of light changes speed and direction accordingly when it passes through another transparent medium.
5. Dispersion of white light in a water droplet is the combination and total internal reflection.
6. The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all electromagnetic waves or radiations.
7. The electromagnetic waves are transverse.
8. Oscillations of electric and magnetic fields of electromagnetic waves are perpendicular to energy transfer.
9. All electromagnetic waves travel through a vacuum at the same speed of c = 3 x 108 m.s-1.
10. The electromagnetic waves travel through a transparent medium.
11. electromagnetic waves slow down when traveling through other denser mediums.
12. The electromagnetic waves obey the laws of reflection, refraction, and diffraction.
13. The electromagnetic spectrum, from the longest to shortest wavelength, includes all radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays.
14. Radio waves have the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum.
15. Microwaves have wavelengths in the micrometer range.
16. Infra-red is used in wireless remote controllers.
17. Intruder alarms use infrared radiations that detect the changing pattern emitted by a warm body at night.
18. The white light is a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is only visible to our eyes.
19. Optical fibers work on the principle of total internal reflection.
20. Optical fibers are widely used in communications technology.
21. An endoscope is a medical device of optical fibers that enables doctors to see abnormalities in organs inside a human body.
22. Ultraviolet radiations are commonly used in sun beads, fluorescence, and sterilization.
23. X-rays are used in CT scans for medical imaging and radiotherapy to treat cancer.
24. The cyberknife uses gamma rays in radiosu cancerous cells.
25. PET uses the gamma rays in medical imaging to produce functional three-dimensional images of abnormal tissues or tumors.

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Abbreviations OR Symbols

  • c stands for Speed
  • CT stands for Computed Tomography
  • EM stands for Electromagnetic
  • EMR stands for Electromagnetic radiation
  • f stands for Frequency
  • hi-fi stands for High Fidelity
  • Hz stands for Hertz
  • IR stands for Infra Red
  • MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • PET stands for Positron Emission Tomography
  • pm stands for picometer
  • TV stands for Television
  • UHF stands for Ultra High Frequency
  • UV stands for Ultraviolet
  • VHF stands for Very High Frequency
  • VIBGYOR stands for Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red
  • 𝞴 stands for Wavelength

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Units

  • Unit of Frequency is Hertz (Hz).
  • Unit of Refractive Index has No unit because its ratio of similar quantities.
  • Unit of Speed are kilometer per second (km/s) OR Meter per second (m/s).
    => (1km = 1000 m)
  • Unit of Wavelength are meter (m) OR Nanometer (nm) OR Picometer (pm)
    => (1 nanometer = 10-9 mater)

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Concept Map

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