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Unit-3 - Practicing Positive Work Ethics
Reading Comprehension
King Bruce And The Spider (Poem)
English For Class X (2022 and Onward
Words/Meaning
| S.NO. |
Words |
Meanings |
|---|
| 1. | Braced his mind | Determined, Decided |
| 2. | Bravo | Well done |
| 3. | Clue | A thread (according to the poem) |
| 4. | Ceiling | Lower roof |
| 5. | Cobweb | Fine network of single thread made by a spider, Spider's home |
| 6. | Crown | King's head-wear |
| 7. | Deed | Action |
| 8. | Delicate thread | Of fine texture |
| 9. | Despair | Disappointment, Hopelessness |
| 10. | In a low despair | Downhearted, Discourage |
| 11. | To divine | Of God, Workout an answer |
| 12. | Dizzy | Giddy, Having a feeling that everything is turning round |
| 13. | Dome | Rounded roof |
| 14. | Down in came with the slippery sprawl | Came slipping down along the wall and hung in an awkward position |
| 15. | Endeavour | An attempt |
| 16. | Entirely | Completely |
| 17. | Fine | Delicate |
| 18. | To fling oneself down | To throw oneself violently on a bed or on the floor, Fall down. |
| 19. | Glad | Happy |
| 20. | Grieved | Sad |
| 21. | Gossips tell the tale | People talk about it |
| 22. | Head grew steady | Came to its senses, gained balanced (according to poem) |
| 23. | The last pinch | The last little bit of distance |
| 24. | Lonely | Alone |
| 25. | Monarch | King |
| 26. | To mount | To Climb, Ascend |
| 27. | Native cot | His own home, (In this poem) the spider's web |
| 28. | Ponder | Think |
| 29. | Pondered | Thought |
| 30. | Sink | Go into water |
| 31. | To strive | To struggle, to try hard |
| 32. | Utter | To speak |
| 33. | To toil | To work hard, Labour |
| 34. | Tread | To walk |
| 35. | To tumble | To fall over |
| 36. | Utter | Say |
| 37. | Verses | Poems |
| 38. | Wear | To put on |
| 39. | Wretched | Sad |
About Poetess
Eliza Cook (1818-1889)
This poem is written by Eliza Cook (1818-1889). Born in London she was the youngest of eleven children. She was entirely self-educated and wrote verses from the age of fourteen. Her first volume being published at seventeen. In 1849, she edited and published "Eliza Cook's Journal." Her work is simple and highly moral. In this poem, she teaches the reader what she always practiced in her own life: to keep on trying and never to be discouraged.
Central Idea
Reference
This poem is written by Eliza cook (1818-1889).
Central Idea
If a man fails in his struggle, he should not lose his hope. He should try again and again till he succeed.
OR
The central idea of this poem is that we should cultivate a strong will – power and a hopeful attitude to life, be bold through thick and thin.
OR
Those who go on trying for their goal, they succeed in life. One should never lose hope, efforts never go waste.
Theme
“Where there is a will, there is a way.”
OR
“The world is his who has patients and industry.”
Summary
The poem King Bruce and the Spider is written by Eliza Cook. It tells us how to rise again after after defeat and achieve success in our life.
King Bruce,though a king, was beginning to lose hope, and became disappointed after defeated from his enemies. He had tried many times and do everything to make his people happy but he couldn't succeed. He was hopeless and also very upset. After deep thinking he decided that he would give up.
Just then,a spider dropped down with its fine silky thread, the king stopped thinking in the middle and looked at it to see what it would do. Spider was very far from its cobweb and was hanging by a rope. The king could not work out how it would reach its home.It began to go up with strong endeavour but soon slipped down and became close to the ground as it was before.
It did not stop even a second for complaint and ran up again, but due to weakness it fell still lower than ever. Once it felt better it travelled higher and that time it covered a half yard higher. Its rope was delicate and the journey was tiring. It tried again and again, went up sometimes slowly and sometimes fast, but every time it slipped down and in this way it made nine brave attempts.
The king thought that it was her foolish attempt, falling again and again after struggle. The spider would now give up and not try anymore. But the spider went up again and this time it was just one foot away from its home, this was an anxious moment and it made king hopeful if the spider would lose or win. It kept moving up inch by inch, At last it ran boldly and thus succeeded in reaching its home.
The king cried out with pleasure and realized that those who try, succeed; like the spider did. He also could succeed, if he tried. Than the king changed his mind and tried again and succeeded.
The moral of the story is that after watching the struggle of a spider, King Bruce thought that this spider made so many attempted to reached at her home and failed but it did not lose hope and succeed in last. King Bruce got motivation from the spider and tried again with the hope that he would not give up till he would achieved success and he succeeded.
OR
King Bruce learns from a spider the lesson of success. He wanted to do a great deed for his people. However, he failed each time. He had given up all hope. He saw a spider that made nine attempts to reach its home. It was not successful in its nine attempts. King Bruce thought that it would give up its attempts. The spider made one further attempt and this time it succeeded. King Bruce also decided to try again and succeeded in his mission.
OR
The poetess has expressed the true sense of life in this poem. Solution to the problems of life and key to the success are being preached in this poem in a dramatic style. This poem tells the story of the king Bruce of Scotland. Once he was defeated by the
English men. He took refuge in a cave. Due to his repeated failures, he was very grieve.
King Bruce mentally accepted his defeat from the English men. One day, he was pondering at the point of his defeat, he watched a spider who was trying to reach to her cobweb. Thread was the only pathway for the spider to reach her destination. Spider started her voyage with great anxiety and force. But the spider come down to the initial stage where it had started her journey. King Bruce was showing security on the foolish attempts to reach the destination that spider will not try again.
However the spider succeeded in the 10th attempt to reach its cobweb. After the success to spider the King Bruce sounded in a optimistic order. “All honour to those who tries persistently.” King Bruce resolute in heart to try once more in order to get the win over on his enemies.” At last he succeeded.
OR
Poetry With Urdu Translation
King Bruce and the Spider
King Bruce of Scotland flung himself down
In a lonely mood to think,
Tis true he was monarch and wore a crown
But his heart was beginning to sink.
کنگ بروس اور مکڑی
سکاٹ لینڈ کے بادشاہ بروس نے خود کو جھکا لیا۔
تنہائی کی حالت میں غور و فکر کے لۓ
،
یہ سچ ہے کہ وہ بادشاہ تھا اور اس نے تاج پہنا تھا۔
لیکن اس کا دل ڈوبا جا رہا تھا۔
For he had been trying to do a great deed,
To make his people glad;
He had tired and tried, but couldn’t succeed,
So became quite sad.
کیونکہ وہ ایک عظیم کام کرنے کی کوشش کر رہا تھا
،
اپنے لوگوں (قوم) کو خوش کرنے کے لیے۔
اس نے بار بار کر کوشش کی لیکن کامیاب نہ ہو سکا
اس لۓ وہ بالکل غمگین تھا۔
He flung himself down in a low despair,
As grieved as man could be,
And after a while, as he pondered there
“I’ll give it all up” said he.
اس نے مایوسی کے عالم میں اپنے آپ کو جھکا لیا
،
وہ اتنا افسردہ تھا جتنا کہ کوئی ہو سکتا ہے
،
اور تھوڑی دیر کے بعد جیسے وہ وہاں سوچ رہا تھا۔
"میں یہ سب چھوڑ دوں گا" اس نے کہا۔
Now just at the moment a spider dropped,
With it’s silken filmy clue,
And the king in the midst of his thinking stopped.
To see what the spider would do.
ابھی اسی لمحے مکڑی گر گئی
،
اس کے ریشمی جالے کے ساتھ
،
اور بادشاہ اپنی سوچ کے دوران رک گیا۔
یہ دیکھنے کے لیے کہ اب مکڑی کیا کرتی ہے۔
Twas a long way up to the ceiling dome,
And it hung by a rope so fine,
That how it would get to its cobweb home
King Bruce could not divine.
چھت کے گنبد تک پہنچنے کے لۓ کافی لمبا راستہ تھا
،
اور وہ ایک پتلے دھاگے سے لٹک رہی تھی
،
کہ یہ اپنے جالے کے گھر تک کیسے پہنچے گی۔
بادشاہ بروس کچھ نہیں سمجھ سکا۔
It soon began to cling and crawl
Straight up with strong endeavour;
But down it came with a slippery sprawl,
As near to the ground as ever.
اس نے جلد ہی لپیٹنا اور رینگنا شروع کر دیا,
سیدھا اوپر بڑی کوشش کے ساتھ؛
لیکن وہ پھسل کے نیچے گری
،
ہمیشہ کی طرح زمین کے قریب۔
Up, up it ran, not a second, could stay,
To utter the least complaint,
Till it fell still lower and there it lay
A little dizzy and faint.
وہ اوپر کی جانب دوڑی، ایک لمحے کے لۓ بھی نہیں رکی
،
شکایت کرنے کے لیے
،
یہاں تک کہ وہ نیچے گری اور وہیں پڑی رہی۔
تھوڑی بد حواس اور بیہوش۔
Its head grew steady again it went,
And traveled a half yard higher,
Twas a delicate thread it had to tread.
And a road where it feet would tire.
جب وہ ہوش میں آئی تو دوبارہ چل پڑی.
اور آدھا گز اوپر سفر کیا
،
یہ ایک نازک دھاگہ تھا جس پر اسے چلنا تھا۔
اور ایک ایسا رستہ تھا جس پر اس کے پاؤں تھک سکتے تھے۔
Again it fell and swung below,
But again it quickly mounted,
Till up and down, now fast, now slow
Nine brave attempts were counted.
وہ پھر گری اور دھاگے سے جھولتی رہی
،
لیکن جلد ہی وہ پھر تیزی سے اوپر چڑھنے لگی
،
اس طرح اوپر نیچے کبھی تیز کبھی آہستہ
اس کی نو بہادر کوششیں شمار کی گئیں۔
“Sure” cried the King, “that foolish thing
Will strive no more to climb,
When it toils so hard to reach and cling,
And tumbles every time”.
"یقینا" بادشاہ چیخا، "یہ احمقانہ چیز:؛
اوپر چڑھنے کی مزید کوشش نہیں کریں گی,
جبکہ اس نے اوپر پہنچنے اور چمٹنے کی بھر پور کوشش کی ہے,
اور ہر بار ڈگمگا کر گرتی ہے۔"
But up the insect went one more,
Ah me! It is an anxious minute,
He’s only a foot from his cobweb door!
Oh, say will he lose or win it?
لیکن یہ کیڑا اٹھا اور ایک دفعہ پھر چل پڑا,
آہ میرے لۓ یہ ایک لمحہ فکریہ ہے,
اب وہ اپنے جالے کے دروازے سے صرف ایک فٹ کے فاصلے پر تھی,
!
اب بولو وہ ہار جاۓ گی یا جیت جاۓ گی؟
Steadily, steadily, inch by inch,
Higher and higher he got,
And a bold little runs at the very last pinch,
Put him into his native cot.
مستقل مزاجی سے، انچ انچ کر کے,
وہ اوپر سے اوپر ہوتی گئی,
اور آخری لمحے میں اس نے بہادرانہ دوڑ لگائی,
اور اپنے گھر یعنی جالے میں چلی گئی۔
“Bravo! Bravo!” the King cried out,
“All honour to those who try!
The spider up there defied despair;
He conquered, and why should not I”?
"شاباش! شاباش!" بادشاہ چلایا،
"جو لوگ کوشش کرتے ہیں، وہ قابل عزت ہیں!
اوپر جو مکڑی ہے، اس نے مایوسی کا مقابلہ کیا۔
وہ فاتح بن گئی، اور میں کیوں نہ (فاتح) نہ بن سکوں گا؟"
And Bruce of Scotland braced his mind,
And gossips tell the tale,
That he tried once more as he tried before,
And that time did not fail.
اسکاٹ لینڈ کے بروس نےپکا ارادہ کر لیا,
اور لوگ داستان بیان کرتے ہیں,
کہ اس نے پہلے کی طرح ایک بار پھر کوشش کی,
اور اس دفعہ وہ ناکام نہیں ہوا۔
