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Showing posts with label English XII Notes - New Book 2025. Show all posts
Showing posts with label English XII Notes - New Book 2025. Show all posts

Wednesday, 17 December 2025

The Devoted Friend (By Oscar Wilde) - Unit 01: Trustworthiness And Tolerance - English Paper II (Compulsory) - For Class XII (All Groups) - Short Question Answers

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Unit 01: Trustworthiness And Tolerance
The Devoted Friend
English (C)
For Class XII (All Groups)

Short Question Answers

Q.1: How does the friendships between Hans and Miller seem odd from the beginning?
Ans: In the beginning of the story, the friendship between Hans and Miller seems odd because it is senseless that the Miller is the most devoted friend of Hans. It is very strange in the friendship that the Miller plucked a large nosegay or handful of sweet herbs or filled his pockets with plums and cherries from Hans' garden in the fruit season. The neighbours noticed that it was thoroughly weird that the Miller never gave little Hans in return though he had so many things, Hans was glad to hear the thought provoking statements from the Miller.

Q.2: Why did Hans sell his wheelbarrow?
Ans: Hans sold his wheelbarrow because the winter was a bad time for him and he had no money at all to buy bread with. Hans decided to sell the silver buttons off his Sunday coat then his silver chain and he his big piper and at last he sold out his wheelbarrow.

Q.3: In what way does the Miller exploit Hans with the promise of giving him his wheelbarrow?
Ans: The Miller exploits Hans with false promise of giving him his wheelbarrow in the way of blackmailing him to do favors such as a plank of wood be given, fining a very big basket full of flowers, carrying a sack of flour or sell it the market and at last driving the sheep to the mountain.

Q.4: What final act of the Miller's selfishness leads to Hans' death? OR What was the supreme manifestation of the miller's selfishness, which caused Hans to lose his life?
Ans: One day, the Miller came and said to Hans that he was in trouble because his little boy fell off a ladder and hurt himself. He requested Hans to fetch the doctor mentionaing the false promise of wheelbarrow but he did not give Hans the lantern. At last, Hans lost his way and his body was found by csome goatherds floating on a great pool of water.

OR

One dark night the miller prevailed upon Hans to go to town and call in the doctor for his wounded son. Hans asked the Miller to lend him his lantern to find his way through, but he refused to do so, saying that if any thing happened to his new lantern, it would be a great loss to him, still Hans went on this errand and loss his life.
"It is my new lantern and it would be great loss to me if any thing happened to it."
It is appropriate to state that the Miller preferred losing devoted friend to losing a new lantern. This is a supreme manifestation of his selfishness and lust of money.

Q.5: Hans' own simplicity and trustworthiness also contribute to his death. Do you agree with the statement? Justify your response.
Ans: Hans is totally responsible for his death because of his trustworthiness and simplicity. The Miller behaved very brutally with him by expressing lofty ideas but remained selfish and unrepentant. Hans was fooled by the Miller in the name of aphorism and sophisticated ideas. Hnas should have recognized the true identity of the Miller in the exploitation of giving him the wheelbarrow and never allowed him to take advantage of himself. One sided friendship appeared to be the insane decision from Hans who should take care not to hurt his feelings by the others.

Q.6: "False friends are worse than open enemies." Discuss this aphorism in the context of the story The Devoted Friend.
Ans: The Miller said, "Real friends should have everything in common. The rich miller took everything from Hans without giving him anything in return. The miller proved himself a false friend because he did not go to see Hans in winter when Hans was suffering from cold and hunger. The miller would visit him in spring and asked for a large basket of primsroses. The miller was a true of enemy of Hans in the disguise of devoted friend. The miller would not allow Hans' good nature to be spoiled. The miller was responsible for Hans' terrified death.

Q.7: How would you deal if you have a friend like the Miller?
Ans: If someone behaved in this manner with me, I would first disgrace him that I am not a fool and no one is able to take advantage of me. I would rather contront him and criticize to amend his ways and rules of friendship. I would take care of me not allowing anyone to hurt me. If the friend remained unrepentant, I would break all ties with him.

Q8: Why was Miller criticizing his son?
Ans: Miller said that his son appeared to be a silly son and he did not understand the function of school in his life. He criticized his son that he had not learned anything at all from the school.

Q.9: What did miller do for not spoiling Hans? OR How did the Miller justify his not asking Hans to share some of his good things during the winter?
Ans: The miller said that Hans would feel jealous if he saw the warm fire, good supper and cask of red wine. The miller did not want to spoil Hans by the feeling of envy. He proclaimed himself to be his best friend and he took care of his nature as well. He kept watching his friend if he led to any temptations.

OR

The Miller was of the view that if Hans came there and saw their warm fire and grand supper during the winter, he would become envious, and it would spoil his nature. But as Hans was his best friends, he would not like to see that his nature was spoiled.

Q.10: How was the journey of Hans to fetch the doctor for Miller's son?
Ans: The storm grew worse and worse and the heavy rainfall was not letting Hans see anything further on the way to bring the doctor for Miller's son. Then, he lost his way and managed to keep up with the horse. At last, Hans strayed on the dangerous moor and was dowrned. His body was found by some goatherds floating on a great pool of water.

Q.11: What happened to Miller's son?
Ans: One day, Miller visited Hans and cried that his fell off a ladder and hurt himself. He further informed him that the doctor lived too far and it was a terrible night to travel then he requested Hans to fetch doctor instead of him. He recalled the false promise of wheelbarrow again at this moment.

Q.12: How did Miller express his grief over Hans' death?
Ans: Miller was the chief mourner at the death of Hans. He led the procession in a long black cloak and he wiped his eyes with a big pocket-handkerchief. He again expressed his aphoristc statement like "A great loss to me at any rate". Now, he said that he could not get anything for his wheelbarrow if he sold it. He said that it was not nice to be generous because he suffered for being generous due to the tragic death of Hans.

Q.13: I was half afraid you had forgotten me." Elaborate it.
Ans: Hans complained of the attitude of the miller in this dialogue. He said that he thought that miller was a rich man and he being his devoted friend forgot him in his testing time. The miller did not visit Hans when he was in deep trouble due to the harsh winter season when he had nothing to eat and he sold his valuable things for the bread.

Q.14: What was the condition of the Miller's wheelbarrow when he offered it Hans?
Ans: The Miller's wheelbarrow was not in a good condition. One side was gone and there was something wrong with the wheel-spokes. He uttered the false promise to give it to Hans anyways. The Miller appreciated his notion of generosity because it was the essence of friendship according to him.

Q.15: Friendship is a one-sided notion not the two-sided one. Elaborate.
Ans: One-sided friendship is damaging beause a devoted friend is exploited for the other friend's selfish motive for the sake of friendship. Hans knew the true nature of the Miller but he kept calling him a true friend because of his aphoristic statements. Friendship is considered to be the two-sided norm but the true friendship is one-sided notion.

Q.16. When do we suspect that the Miller was not really a very good friend to Hans?
Ans: We suspect the Miller to be insincere to Hans when we hear him saying to his wife that there was no good in his going to see Hans as long as the snow lasted. He argued that visitors should not bother people when they are in trouble.

Q.17: How did the Miller's wife reveal that she too was ready to exploit the generosity of Hans?
Ans: Ans. As soon as the winter season was over and the primroses began to bloom, the Miller prepared to go and see Hans. The Miller's wife praised her husband for possessing such a good heart, and asked him to take a big basket with him for taking the flowers. This shows that she too was ready to exploit the generosity of poor Hans

Q.18. How did the Miller persuade Hans to carry the large sack of flour to the market?
Ans: Once Hans was busy in his garden. He was nailing up the creepers and watering the flowers. The Miller came to him and asked him to carry the sack of flour for him to the market. Hans regretted, but the Miller reminded him of the favor of giving him his wheelbarrow, and so, poor Hans had to accede to his request.

Q.19: How did the Miller justify his rebuke to Hans for staying in bed a little later than usual, after his tiring expedition to the market?
Ans: After his tiring expedition to the market, Hans felt very tired and exhausted. So he went to bed. Early in the morning the Miller came to collect his money but found Hans still in bed. He scolded Hans for being lazy and sluggish, and justified his rebuke by expressing that idleness is a great sin, and that he did not like that any of his friends should fall a victim to this evil.

Q.20: Comment briefly on the Millar's claim to have been Hans' best friend?
Ans: The Millar was out and out a selfish and mean fellow, his claim to have been Hans best friend was motivated purely by his selfishness. On the pretext, he walked at the head of the funeral procession and shed crocodile tears. He had offered Hans his good for nothing wheelbarrow, but now he did not know what to do with it.

Q.21: What is the moral of the tale " The Devoted Friend", according to author?
Ans: "The Devoted Friend" is well-known short stories among the Author Oscar wild work. "The Devoted Friend" is a moral tale that critiques selfishness disguised as friendship. In this story, Wilde uses irony and satire to explore the themes of exploitation and hypocrisy, showing how true friendship requires sincerity and sacrifice.



Tuesday, 16 December 2025

Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde - Section 'B' Poetry - English Paper II (Compulsory) - For Class XII (All Groups) - Biography Of Author and MCQs

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Section 'B' Poetry
Biography Of Authors / Poets
Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde
English (C)
For Class XII (All Groups)

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. "The Devoted Friend" is written by:
(a) Lames Thurber
(b) Oscar Wilde ✔
(c) Frank Arthur
(d) Bertrand Russell

2. Oscar Wilde was born in the year:
(a) 1851
(b) 1852
(c) 1853
(d) 1854 ✔

3. Oscar Wilde died in the year:
(a) 1900 ✔
(b) 1901
(c) 1902
(d) 1903

4. Oscar Wilde lived in the late Century:
(a) Seventeenth
(b) Eighteenth
(c) Nineteenth ✔
(d) Twentieth

5. Oscar Wilde was born in:
(a) Edinburg
(b) Yorkshire
(c) Dublin ✔
(d) Ireland

6. Oscar Wilde became dazzlingly famous with his novel:
(a)The Devoted Friends
(b) The Dorian Gray ✔
(c) An Ideal Husband
(d) Lady Windermere's Farm

7. "The Devoted Friend" is more than an exquisitely told little fairy:
(a) Fiction
(b) Novel
(c) Play
(d) Tale ✔

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Biography (Author)
Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde

OSCAR WILDE (1854 - 1900)
Oscar Wilde was born in 1854 in Dublin, Ireland, and became one of the most celebrated writers and playwrights of the late 19th century. Known for his sharp wit, flamboyant style, and brilliant command of language, Wilde made significant contributions to literature through his plays, essays, and fiction.

Work:
His most famous works include:
  • The novel The Picture of Dorian Gray and 
  • Plays such as The Importance of Being Earnest and An Ideal Husband
  • Among his well-known short stories is The Devoted Friend, a moral tale that critiques selfishness disguised as friendship. In this story, Wilde uses irony and satire to explore the themes of exploitation and hypocrisy, showing how true friendship requires sincerity and sacrifice.

He died in 1900 in Paris, France, but his works have since earned enduring acclaim and are widely read and performed around the world.

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Saturday, 13 December 2025

The Devoted Friend (By Oscar Wilde) - Unit 01: Trustworthiness And Tolerance - English Paper II (Compulsory) - For Class XII (All Groups) - MCQs

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Unit 01: Trustworthiness And Tolerance
The Devoted Friend
English (C)
For Class XII (All Groups)

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Choose the correct answer for each from the given option
1. Little Hans faced difficulties in the season of ___:
(a )spring
(b) summer
(c) autumn
(d) winter ✔

2. Miller didn't want to invite Hans at his home during winter because he thought that Hans might _____ :
(a)steal their things
(b) over stay
(c) ask for flour on credit ✔
(d) become burden

3. Miller's wife was _____ :
 (a) a very kind lady
(b) critical of her husband
(c) selfish like husband ✔
(d) always busy in household chores

4. Hans wanted to sell his primroses to _____ :
(a) florist
(b) Burgomaster's daughter ✔
(c) Miller's wife
(d) doctor

5. Miller's wheelbarrow was in _____ condition:
(a) broken ✔
(b) perfect
(c) slightly damaged
(d) unused

6. Miller asked Hans to do all the chores except _____ :
(a) carry sack of flour
(b) gather wood for kitchen fire ✔
(c) graze sheep in the mountain
(d) mend the roof of barn

7. In a stormy night Miller came to Hans to _____ for his injured son.
(a) fetch medicine
(b) bring doctor ✔
(c) arrrange ambulance
(d) cook food

8. Hans died because of _____ :
(a) his own carelessness
(b) negligence of doctor
(c) trap of goatherd
(d) selfishness of Miller ✔

9. Which of these statements is true:
(a) Mti!er was really a sincere friend.
(b) Hans was tempted by Miller's wheelbarrow.
(c) Miller exploited Hans for his own selfish motive. ✔
(d) Hans knew the true nature of the Miller.

10. The moral of the story is:
(a) One should sacrifice one's life for friends.
(b) One sided friendship is damaging. ✔
(c) One should not trust friends.
(d) One should not promise anything to friends

11. Where does Hans live?
(a) A Tiny Cottage ✔
(b) Hut
(c) Cave
(d) Shelter

12. Where does Hans work?
(a) Garden ✔
(b) Park
(c) Couryard
(d) Home
13. Fairy-maid of _____ grew in Hans' garden.
(a) France ✔
(b) Pakistan
(c) America
(d) Germany

14. Which color is not mentioned as a kind of flower in Hans' garden?
(a) White
(b) Yellow
(c) Pink
(d) Black ✔

15. "Real friends should have _____ in common."
(a) Everything ✔
(b) Nothing
(c) Something
(d) All

16. Little Hans was very proud because _____ :
(a) Miller is his friend
(b) Miller is full of noble ideas ✔
(c) Miller is rich man
(d) Miller is a clever and cunning person

17. How many sacks of flour did Miller store away in his mill?
(a) Seventy
(b) One Hundred ✔
(c) Eighty
(d) Two Hundred

18. How many milch cows did Miller have?
(a) Nine
(b) Six ✔
(c) Seven
(d) Eight

19. For when people are in trouble they should be left alone and not be bothered by _____ :
(a) Children
(b) Parents
(c) Guests
(d) Visitors ✔

20. "You are certainly very thoughtful about others." Who is the speaker?
(a) Miller's Father
(b) Miller's mother
(c) Miller's son
(d) Miller's wife ✔

21. Miller's wife was Comparing Miller's noble thoughts with _____ :
(a) Nun
(b) Pope
(c) Father
(d) Cleryman ✔

22. Miller's son is ready to help Hans half of his _____ :
(a) Tea
(b) Soup
(c) Oats
(d) Porridge ✔

23. The miller said to his _____ before going to Hans' cottage.
(a) His father
(b) His mother
(c) His son
(d) His wife ✔

24. Which thing Hans sold first when he had a winter time?
(a) Silver button ✔
(b) Silver chain
(c) Big pipe
(d) Wheelbarrow

25. "The Devoted Friend" is written by:
(a)Lames Thurber
(b)l Oscar Wilde ✔
(c)Frank Arthur
(d)Bertrand Russell

26. "The Devoted Friend" is more than an exquisitely told little fairy:
(a) Fiction
(b) Novel
(c) Play
(d) Tale ✔

27. "The story of Hans and Miller presents comically friendship."
(a) Many sided
(b) Three sided
(c) One sided ✔
(d) Two sided

28. "Real friends should have everything in common." These words were always said by:
(a )Hans
(b) Miller's son
(c) Miller's wife
(d) The Miller ✔

29. "There is no good in my going to see little Hans as long as the snow lasts; for when people are in trouble they should be left alone and not be bothered by visitors." These words were always used by:
(a) The Millerr ✔
(b) Hans
(c) Miller's wife
(d) Non of the above

30. "You are certainly very thoughtful about others, very thoughtful indeed. It is quite a treat to hear you about friendship." The speaker is:
(a )Hans
(b) The Miller
(c) The Miller's wifer ✔
(d) The Miller's son

31. "But could we not ask little Hans up here? If poor Hans is in trouble, I will give him my half porridge, and show him my white rabbits." These words have been said by:
(a) The miller
(b) The Miller Wife
(c) Doctor
(d) The Miller's Son ✔

32. "What a silly boy you are, I really don't know what is the use of sending you to school. You seem not to learn anything."
(a) The Miller, Hans
(b) The Miller, Son ✔
(c) The Miller wife, The Miller Son
(d) Doctor, Hans

33. "How well you talk, really I feel quite drowsy. It is just like being in Church." The speaker is:
(a )Hans
(b )The Miller's son
(c) The Miller
(d) The Miller's wife ✔

34. "Lots of people act well, but very few people talk well, which shows that talking is much the more difficult thing of the two and much the finer thing also." The speaker is _____ to _____.
(a) The Miller, Hans
(b) The Miller, Son
(c) The Miller, His wife ✔
(d) Hans, The Miller

35. "It is quite remarkable how one good action always breeds another. "The words are spoken by:
(a) Hans
(b) The Miller ✔
(c) The Miller's wife
(d) Doctor

36. "I think, that considering that I am going to give you my wheelbarrow it is rather unfriendly of you to refuse." The speaker is _____ to _____ .
(a) The Miller, Hans ✔
(b) Hans, The Miller
(c) The Miller, son
(d) Hans, The Miller's son

37. "Upon my word, you are very lazy. Really, considering that I am going to give you my wheelbarrow, I think, you might work harder." The speaker is _____ to _____.
(a) Hans, The Miller
(b) The Miller, Hans ✔
(c) The Miller, Son
(d) Hans, The Miller son

38. "Idleness is a great sin, and I certainly don't like any of my friends to be idle or sluggish." The words are spoken by _____ to _____.
(a) Hans, The Miller Son
(b) Doctor, Hans
(c) The Miller, Hans ✔
(d Hans, The Miller

39. "Ah! There is no work so delightful as the work one does for others." These words are spoken by _____.
(a) The Miller, Hans ✔
(b) Hans, The Miller
(c) The Miller, Son
(d) The Miller, The Miller's wife

40. "Oh! They will come to you, but, you must take more pains. At present you have only the practice of friendship; some day you will have the theory also." The speaker is _____ to _____.
(a) Hans, The Miller
(b) The Miller, Hans ✔
(c) Doctor, Hans
(d) The Miller, Son

41. "I have no doubt of it, but now that you have mended the roof, you had better go home and rest, for I want you to drive my sheep to the mountain tomorrow." These words are spoken by _____ to _____.
(a) The Miller wife, Hans
(b) The Miller, Son
(c) The Miller, Hans ✔
(d) Hans, The Miller

42. "What a delightful time I shall have in my garden!" These words are spoken by:
(a) Doctor
(b) The Miller Son
(c) The Miller
(d) Hans ✔

43. "As I was his best friend, it is only fair that I should have the best place." The speaker is:
(a) Doctor
(b) The Miller ✔
(c) Hans
(d) The Miller's son

44. "Little Hans is certainly a great loss to everyone ." The speaker of these words is:
(a) The Miller
(b) The Miller's son
(c) Doctor
(d) Blacksmith ✔

45. Burgomaster means:
(a) Mayor ✔
(b) Duke
(c) Judge
(d) Court

46. The Devoted Friend is about:
(a) two friends of humble background
(b) two enemies
(c) slave trade
(d) two friends, One mean and selfish, the other, sincere nod devotedr ✔

47. Fruit and flowers grew in Little Hans garden:
(a) in the Winter season
(b) during the summer, the spring and the autumn seasonsr ✔
(c) only during the spring
(d) only in the summer season

48. Little Hans source of income Was:
(a) selling wheat
(b) labouring
(c) selling flowersr ✔
(d) selling sheep

49. Hans owned a / an:
(a) apartment
(b) hut
(c) house
(d) small collage and garden ✔

50. The Miller did not want Little Hans to come to his house became he:
(a) was afraid that Hans might ask him for some favour ✔
(b) did not want to help him
(c) might get evinces
(d) did not like doing favours

51. The winter season, a difficult time for Hans because he:
(a) often fell sick
(b) hardly had any flowers because of the snow ✔
(c) felt lazy
(d) used to be away

52. The Miller got angry with his son because he:
(a) misbehaved
(b) spilt tea
(c) lied
(d) wanted his father to help Hans or call him over to the house ✔

53. In winters Hans was forced to sell his:
(a) cottage
(b) silver buttons of his sunday coat, his silver chain, his big pipe and finally he sold his wheel barrow ✔
(c) sheep
(d) garden

54. Miller promised to give Hans his:
(a) silver box
(b) sack of flour
(c) broken old wheelbarrow ✔
(d) a cow

55. Hans hoped to get his things back by:
(a) borrowing money
(b) asking for a loan
(c) begging
(d) selling his flowers ✔

56. After promising Hans that he would give him, his wheel barrow, the Miller started asking Hans to:
(a) run several errands for him ✔
(b) work for him
(c) to leave him alone
(d) to visit him, occasionally

57. Little Hans wanted to use the plank of wood to:
(a) repair the roof
(b) mend his broken wheel barrow ✔
(c) make a new wheel barrow
(d) to use it as fire wood

58. The plank Of wood was used to:
(a) repair the wheel barrow
(b) mend the door
(c) repair the Miller's barn roof ✔
(d) make the furniture

59. By sending Hans on different errands showed the Millers:
(a) mean and selfish mentality ✔
(b) laziness
(c) dislike for work (d) proudness

60. Hans was often unable to work in his garden because:
(a) of illness
(b) of laziness
(c) the Miller often sent him on long errands ✔
(d) of weakness

61. What does the remark, "One good action always breeds another", mean?
(a) Do good to others
(b) It means that if you do a good turn to someone, you will also be rewarded by nature ✔
(c) Do good for your own benefit
(d) Don't do any good to anyone

62. According to the Miller, "generosity is the essence of friendship."
(a) He is referring about his sheep
(b) He is referring to his wealth
(c) He is referring to his wheel barrow, which he promised to give to Hans ✔
(d) He is referring to his generosity

63. The last favour which the Miller asked Hans was to:
(a) fetch the doctor for his son ✔
(b) sell a bag of flour
(c) take his sheep for grazing
(d) mend his barn roof

64. The Miller refused to give Hans his lantern because:
(a) he was selfish
(b) he needed it
(c) it was new and he did not want it to get spoilt in the rain ✔
(d) he was going to use it

65. On his way back, Hans:
(a) got killed
(b) met with an accident
(c) was kidnapped
(d) fell into a pool and got drowned ✔

66. The Miller took advantaue of Hans simplicity by:
(a) asking him to work at his cottage
(b) taking flowers from him
(c) sending him on long errands
(d) offering Hans to give him his wheelbarrow ✔


The Devoted Friend (By Oscar Wilde) - Unit 01: Trustworthiness And Tolerance - English Paper II (Compulsory) - For Class XII (All Groups) - Summary

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Unit 01: Trustworthiness And Tolerance
The Devoted Friend
English (C)
For Class XII (All Groups)
SUMMARY


SUMMARY
By Professor rizwan Azam

The Devoted Friend," written by Oscar Wilde, is a story about a one-sided friendship between Hans and Miller. It is a short story that highlights the importance of reciprocity in true friendship. Hans is a devoted friend. The wealthy Miller takes advantage of Hans's innocence and simplicity by quoting aphoristic statements such as "Real friends should have everything in common." The Miller never gives anything to Hans in return, even though he has a hundred sacks of flour stored away in his mill. Hans works hard in his small garden. He is very happy and content during the spring, summer, and autumn seasons, but not in winter, and the Miller never visits him in winter. He used to tell his wife, "When people are in trouble, they should be left alone and not bothered by visitors." His wife was just as selfish and unkind as the Miller.

On the other hand, his son showed sympathy and said that if poor Hans was in trouble, he would share half of his porridge with him and also show him his white rabbits. The Miller criticized and scolded his son, saying, "What a silly boy you are!"

After winter, the Miller visited Hans, who informed him that he had a hard time but was quite happy now that spring had arrived. Hans complained to the Miller that he had been half afraid because the Miller had forgotten about him. He further explained that winter was a very bad time for him, as he had no money to buy bread. He sold his silver buttons from his Sunday coat, then his silver chain, then his big pipe, and finally his wheelbarrow.

Now, the Miller saw an opportunity to exploit Hans by promising to give him the wheelbarrow if he did favors—such as fetching a plank of wood, filling a large basket with flowers, carrying a sack of flour to sell in the market, and finally driving the sheep to the mountain. One day, the Miller came and told Hans that he was in trouble because his little boy had fallen off a ladder and hurt himself. He asked Hans to fetch the doctor, falsely promising the wheelbarrow. Hans agreed and asked the Miller to lend him his lantern, as it was a dark, stormy night with torrential rain. The Miller did not give Hans his lantern.

Eventually, on returning with the doctor, Hans lost his way and fell into a ditch. His body was found by some goatherds floating in a large pool of water. The Miller was the chief mourner at Hans's funeral.

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SUMMARY
By Practical center

The Devoted Friend," written by Oscar Wilde
There were two friends: little Hans, a gardener, and the Miller. The Miller used to visit Hans every day, take flowers from him, and never gave him anything in return. However, he never visited Hans during the winter, as Hans had no flowers. He would tell his wife, "When people are in trouble, they should be left alone and not be bothered by visitors."

One winter, the Miller visited Hans, and upon learning that Hans had sold his wheelbarrow, he became very angry with him. He then offered his broken wheelbarrow to Hans. He said, "As I have given you my wheelbarrow, you will give me your plank of wood." Hans agreed and handed over the plank of wood and some flowers, then went home.

The next day, the Miller visited Hans with a large sack of flour on his back and asked him to sell it in the market. He said, "Considering that I am giving you my wheelbarrow, you should do something in return." Hans felt he could not refuse.

Early the following morning, the Miller came to collect money for his sack of flour and scolded Hans for being in bed. Hans replied that, as he was very tired, he had stayed in bed a little longer, listening to the birds sing, because he always worked better after hearing the birds. The Miller then took the opportunity to ask Hans to come to his mill and mend his barn roof. Again, Hans could not say no.

The next day, the Miller sent Hans with his sheep to graze on the mountain. When Hans returned, he was so exhausted that he fell asleep in his chair and did not wake up until broad daylight.

One evening, little Hans was sitting by his fireside when the Miller came over. He asked Hans to get the doctor for him, as his son had hurt himself. Hans agreed and asked for his lantern, as it was very dark. However, the Miller refused, saying it was new and he would be very upset if it got spoiled in the rain. So, Hans went without the lantern.

After reaching the doctor's house, Hans asked him to come to the Miller's house, as he needed his services. The doctor rode off toward the Miller's house, while Hans continued on his way. Because of the storm and rain, Hans lost his way, fell into a large pool, and drowned.

At Hans's funeral, everyone was very sad. The Miller shed crocodile tears and pretended to be very upset. He said that he had basically given Hans the wheelbarrow and now did not know what to do with it. He claimed that, in the future, he would not be generous because one suffers for being generous.

Moral: The moral of the story is that one should not be as naive as little Hans and get exploited by the Miller.

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SUMMARY
By Sir Khalid Khan

The Devoted Friend (by Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde)
Once upon a time, there was an honest little fellow named Hans. He was very kind and sincere. He lived in a small cottage all by himself, with a small garden near his cottage. In all the countryside, there was no garden as lovely as his. He worked in his garden every day, and he worked so hard that his garden was full of all sorts of beautiful flowers. Little Hans had many friends, but he thought Hugh, the Miller, was his most devoted friend. The Miller used to tell him that real friends should have everything in common. Therefore, he would take a basket full of flowers from Hans's garden whenever he passed by. Hans did not mind, for he took great pride in the Miller's friendship.

Little Hans led a very happy life during spring, summer, and autumn. But he faced a great deal of trouble in winter, when he had no fruit or flowers to carry to the market. Sometimes, poor Hans had to go to bed without any supper, but his friend the Miller no longer visited him. This showed that the Miller was a very selfish man and only pretended to be Hans's friend. The Miller used to tell his wife, "When people are in trouble, they should be left alone and not be bothered by visitors. That, at least, is my idea of friendship."

As soon as winter was over, the Miller went to see Hans, carrying a big basket. Hans was very pleased to see the Miller. The Miller greeted Hans and inquired about his health. Hans told him that he had a very hard time during the winter. He also said that he had to sell the silver button from his Sunday coat, his silver chain, his big pipe, and his wheelbarrow to keep himself alive. He hoped to buy them back after selling his flowers. The Miller consoled him and promised to give him his own wheelbarrow. However, the wheelbarrow needed repairs. Hans expressed his gratitude for the offer and told the Miller that he had a plank of wood that could be used to repair the wheelbarrow. Hearing this, the Miller decided to take advantage of the situation. He demanded the plank of wood from Hans, claiming there was a large hole in the roof of the barn, and the corn might get wet if the roof was not repaired in time.

One night, the Miller came to Hans's house with a new lantern and told him he was in great trouble because his little son had fallen off a ladder and hurt himself. He asked Hans to fetch a doctor. It was a dark and stormy night. Hans asked the Miller to give him his lantern, but the Miller refused. Hans went without a lantern and arrived at the doctor's house to ask him to see the Miller's son. The doctor rode on horseback, while Hans followed on foot. Unfortunately, Hans lost his way and drowned in a pool. His body was later found by goatherds. At Hans's funeral, the Miller pretended to be upset and said he would no longer be generous, believing it causes suffering.

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The Devoted Friend (By Oscar Wilde) - Unit 01: Trustworthiness And Tolerance - English Paper II (Compulsory) - For Class XII (All Groups) - Urdu Translation

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Unit 01: Trustworthiness And Tolerance
(قابل اعتماد اور رواداری)
English (C)
For Class XII (All Groups)
Urdu Translation

The Devoted Friend (By Oscar Wilde)
ایک مخلص دوست (آسکر وائلڈ)

Once upon a time there was an honest little fellow named Hans. He lived in a tiny cottage all by himself, and every day he worked in his garden. In all the country-side there was no garden so lovely as his. Sweet-william grew there, and Gilly-flowers, and Shepherds'- purses, and Fair-maids of France. There were damask Roses, and yellow Roses, lilac Crocuses, and gold, purple Violets and white. Columbine and Lady smock, Marjoram and Wild Basil, the Cowslip and the Flower-de-luce, the Daffodil and the Clove-Pink bloomed or blossomed in their proper order as the months went by, one flower taking another flower's place, so that there were always beautiful things to look at, and pleasant odours to smell.

:اردو ترجمہ

ایک دفعہ کا ذکر ہے کہ ایک ایماندار سا چھوٹا لڑکا تھا جس کا نام ہینس تھا۔ وہ ایک ننھے سے کٹیا میں اکیلا رہتا تھا اور ہر دن اپنے باغ میں کام کرتا تھا۔ سارے دیہی علاقے میں اس جیسا خوبصورت باغ کہیں نہ تھا۔ وہاں سویٹ ولیم، شب بو کا پودا، شیفرڈاز پرس، اور فئیر میڈز آف فرانس اگتے تھے۔ ڈیمسک گلاب، پیلے گلاب، لیلیک کرو کسر، سنہری، جامنی اور سفید رنگ کے وائلٹس موجود تھے۔ کولمبائن، لیڈی اسموک، مار جورم اور جنگلی تلسی, گیندے کا پھول اور فلاور ڈی لوس، آبی نرگس اور کلو-پنک سب اپنی مناسب ترتیب سے کھلتے تھے۔ جیسے جیسے مہینے گزرتے ، ایک پھول دوسرے پھول کی جگہ لے لیتا، تا کہ ہمیشہ دیکھنے کے لیے خوبصورت چیزیں اور سونگھنے کے لیے خوشبوئیں موجود رہتیں.

Little Hans had a great many friends, but the most devoted friend of all was big Hugh the Miller. Indeed, so devoted was the rich Miller to little Hans, that he would never go by his garden without leaning over the wall and plucking a large nosegay, or a handful of sweet herbs, or filling his pockets with plums and cherries if it was the fruit season. "Real friends should have everything in common," the Miller used to say, and little Hans nodded and smiled, and felt very proud of having a friend with such noble ideas.

:اردو ترجمہ

چھوٹے ہینس کے بہت سارے دوست تھے، لیکن ان سب میں سب سے زیادہ وفادار دوست بڑا ہو تھا، جو کہ ایک آٹا پیسنے والا تھا (ملر)۔ در حقیقت امیر ملر چھوٹے ہینس کے ساتھ اتنا وفادار تھا کہ وہ کبھی بھی اس کے باغ کے پاس سے گزرے بغیر نہ جاتا۔ باغ کی دیوار پر جھک کر یا تو پھولوں کا ایک بڑا گلدستہ توڑ لیتا، یا میٹھی جڑی بوٹیوں کی ایک مٹھی بھر لیتا، یا اگر پھلوں کا موسم ہوتا تو اپنے جیبیں آلو بخاروں اور چیریوں سے بھر لیتا."سچے دوستوں کو ہر چیز میں شریک ہونا چاہیے"، ملر کہا کر تا تھا، اور چھوٹا ہینس سر ہلا کر مسکراتا، اور اپنے ایسے عظیم خیالات رکھنے والے دوست پر بڑا فخر محسوس کرتا۔

Sometimes, indeed, the neighbours thought it strange that the rich Miller never gave little Hans anything in return, though he had a hundred sacks of flour stored away in his mill, and six milch cows, and a large flock of woolly sheep; but Hans never troubled his head about these things, and nothing gave him greater pleasure than to listen to all the wonderful things the Miller used to say about the unselfishness of true friendship.

:اردو ترجمہ

کبھی کبھی ہمسائیوں کو یہ عجیب لگتا تھا کہ امیر ملر کبھی بھی چھوٹے ہینس کو کچھ واپس کیوں نہیں دیتا۔ حالانکہ اس کے چکی میں آٹے کی سو بوریاں ذخیرہ تھیں اور کچھ دودھ دینے والی گائیں تھیں، اور اون والے بھیٹروں کا ایک بڑا ریوڑ تھا، مگر ہینس نے کبھی ان باتوں کی پرواہ نہیں کی، اور اسے سب سے زیادہ خوشی اس وقت ملتی تھی جب وہ ان زبردست باتوں کو سنتا جو ملر سچی دوستی کی بے غرضی کے بارے میں کہا کرتا تھا۔

So little Hans worked away in his garden. During the spring, the summer, and the autumn he was very happy, but when the winter came, and he had no fruit or flowers to bring to the market, he suffered a good deal from cold and hunger, and often had to go to bed without any supper but a few dried pears or some hard nuts. In the winter, also, he was extremely lonely, as the Miller never came to see him then.

:اردو ترجمہ

چنانچہ چھوٹا ہینس اپنے باغ میں محنت کرتا رہا بہار، گرمی اور خزاں کے موسم میں وہ بہت خوش رہتا تھا لیکن جب سردی آتی، اور اس کے پاس بازار لے جانے کو نہ کوئی پھل ہوتا نہ پھول، تو وہ سردی اور بھوک کی شدت سے بہت پریشان ہوتا، اور اکثر اسے رات کا کھانا کھائے بغیر سونا پڑتا، بس چند خشک ناشپاتیاں یا کچھ سخت گریاں ہی اس کا کھانا ہوتیں۔ سردیوں میں وہ بے حد تنہا بھی ہوجاتا، کیونکہ ملر اس وقت اُسے دیکھنے کبھی نہیں آتا تھا۔

"There is no good in my going to see little Hans as long as the snow lasts," the Miller used to say to his wife, "for when people are in trouble they should be left alone, and not be bothered by visitors.

:اردو ترجمہ

"جب تک برف پڑرہی ہے، چھوٹے ہینس سے ملنے جانے کا کوئی فائدہ نہیں،" ملر اپنی بیوی سے کہا کرتا، "کیونکہ جب لوگ مشکل میں ہوتے ہیں تو انہیں اکیلا چھوڑ دینا چاہیے نہ کہ مہمانوں کی آمد سے تنگ کیا جائے۔"

"That at least is my idea about friendship, and I am sure I am right. So I shall wait till the spring comes, and then I shall pay him a visit, and he will be able to give me a large basket of primroses and that will make him so happy."

:اردو ترجمہ

"کم از کم دوستی کے بارے میں میری یہی رائے ہے، اور مجھے یقین ہے کہ میں درست ہوں۔ لہذا اسں بہار کے آنے تک انتظار کروں گا، اور پھر میں اس سے ملتے جاؤں گا، اور وہ مجھے پرائم روز (پھولوں) کی ایک بڑی ٹوکری دے سکے گا، اور اس سے اسے بہت خوشی ہوگی۔"

"You are certainly very thoughtful about others," answered the Wife, as she sat in her comfortable arm-chair by the big pine-wood fire: "very thoughtful indeed. It is quite a treat to hear you talk about friendship. I am sure the clergyman himself could not say such beautiful things as you do, though he does live in a three-storied house, and wear a gold ring on his little finger."

:اردو ترجمہ

"یقینا تم دوسروں کے بارے میں بہت ہی خیال رکھنے والے ہو،" بیوی نے جواب دیا، جب وہ آرام دہ کرسی پر بڑے صنوبر کی لکڑی سے چلتے ہوئے الاؤ کے پاس بیٹھی ہوئی تھی. " واقعی بہت ہی خیال رکھنے والے۔ دوستی کے بارے میں تمہاری باتیں سنتی تو جیسے کسی نعمت سے کم نہیں۔ مجھے یقین ہے کہ پادری صاحب خود بھی اتنی خوبصورت باتیں نہ کہہ سکیں، حالانکہ وہ تین منزلہ مکان میں رہتے ہیں اور ان کی چھوٹی انگلی میں سونے کی انگوٹھی بھی ہے۔ "

"But could we not ask little Hans up here?" said the Miller's youngest son. "If poor Hans is in trouble I will give him half my porridge, and show him my white rabbits."

:اردو ترجمہ

"لیکن کیا ہم چھوٹے ہینس کو یہاں نہیں لا سکتے؟" ملر کے سب سے چھوٹے بیٹے نے کہا۔ "اگر بے چارہ ہینس کسی مشکل میں ہے تو میں اسے اپنا آدھا دلیہ دے دوں گا، اور اسے اپنے سفید خرگوش بھی دکھاؤں گا."

"What a silly boy you are!" cried the Miller, "I really don't know what is the use of sending you to school. You seem not to learn anything. Why, if little Hans came up here, and saw our warm fire, and our good supper, and our great cask of red wine, he might get envious, and envy is a most terrible thing, and would spoil anybody's nature. I certainly will not allow Hans' nature to be spoiled. I am his best friend, and I will always watch over him, and see that he is not led into any temptations. Besides, if Hans came here, he might ask me to let him have some flour on credit, and that I could not do. Flour is one thing, and friendship is another, and they should not be confused. Why, the words are spelt differently, and mean quite different things. Everybody can see that."

:اردو ترجمہ

" کیا ہی بے وقوف لڑکے ہو تم !"ملر چلایا۔ "واقعی مجھے سمجھ نہیں آتی کہ تمہیں اسکول بھیجنے کا کیا فائدہ ہے۔ لگتا ہے تم وہاں کچھ سکھتے ہی نہیں۔ ارے بھئی، اگر چھوٹا ہینس یہاں آگیا، اور اس نے ہماری گرم آگ، اچھا سا کھانا، اور سرخ شراب کا بڑا پیپا دیکھا، تو وہ حسد کرنے لگے گا، اور حسد بہت ہی خطر ناک چیز ہے، جو کسی کی بھی فطرت کو بگاڑ سکتی ہے۔ میں تو ہر گز یہ اجازت نہیں دوں گا کہ ہینس کی فطرت خراب ہو۔ میں اس کا سب سے اچھا دوست ہوں، اور ہمیشہ اس پر نظر رکھوں گا تاکہ وہ کسی بھی آزمائش میں نہ پڑے۔ پھر یہ بھی تو ہو سکتا ہے کہ اگر وہ یہاں آیا ، تو ہ مجھ سے آٹے کی ادھار مانگ لے، اور یہ تو میں ہر گز نہیں کر سکتا۔ آٹا ایک چیز ہے، اور دوستی دو سری ان دونوں کو آپس میں نہیں ملانا چاہیے۔ ارے، ان دونوں لفظوں کی املا بھی الگ ہے، اور مطلب بھی بالکل مختلف ا یہ تو ہر کوئی سمجھ سکتا ہے۔"

"How well you talk!" said the Miller's Wife, pouring herself out a large glass of warm ale; "really I feel quite drowsy. It is just like being in church."

:اردو ترجمہ

" " کیا خوب باتیں کرتے ہو!" ملر کی بیوی نے کہا، جب وہ اپنے لیے گرم ایل کا ایک بڑا گلاس انڈیل رہی تھی۔ "واقعی مجھے تو نیند ہی آنے لگی ہے۔ یہ بالکل ایسے ہی ہے جیسے کوئی گرجے میں بیٹھا ہو۔

"Lots of people act well," answered the Miller; "but very few people talk well, which shows that talking is much the more difficult thing of the two, and much the finer thing also"; and he looked sternly across the table at his little son, who felt so ashamed of himself that he hung his head down, and grew quite scarlet, and began to cry into his tea.

:اردو ترجمہ

"بہت سے لوگ اچھے کام کرتے ہیں،" ملر نے جواب دیا، "مگر بہت کم لوگ اچھا بولتے ہیں۔ اور یہی ظاہر کرتا ہے کہ بولنا دونوں میں زیادہ مشکل کام ہے اور زیادہ اعلی بھی۔" یہ کہہ کر اس نے میز کے پار اپنے چھوٹے بیٹے کی طرف سختی سے دیکھا، جو اتنا شرمندہ ہوا کہ اس نے نظریں جھکا لیں، اس کا چہرہ سرخ ہو گیا، اور وہ چپکے سے اپنی چائے میں روتا رہا.

As soon as the winter was over, and the primroses began to open their pale yellow stars, the Miller said to his wife that he would go down and see little Hans.

:اردو ترجمہ

جیسے ہی سردی کا موسم ختم ہوا، اور پراتم روز نے اپنے پھیکے زرد ستارے جیسے پھول کھلانے شروع کیے، ملر نے اپنی بیوی سے کہا کہ وہ اب نیچے جا کر چھوٹے ہینس سے ملے گا۔

"Why, what a good heart you have!" cried his wife, "you are always thinking of others. And mind you take the big basket with you for the flowers."

:اردو ترجمہ

"ارے تمہارا دل تو کتنا نیک ہے؟" اس کی بیوی پکار اٹھی, "تم تو ہمیشہ دوسروں کا ہی خیال رکھتے ہو۔ اور دیکھنا، پھولوں کے لیے بڑی ٹوکری ساتھ لے جانا نہ بھولنا."

So the Miller tied the sails of the windmill together with a strong iron chain, and went down the hill with the basket on his arm.

:اردو ترجمہ

چناچہ ملر نے آٹے کی چکی کے پر ایک مضبوط لوہے کی زنجیر سے باندھ دیے اور بازو پر ٹوکری لٹکائے پہاڑی سے نیچے اتر گیا.

"Good morning, little Hans," said the Miller.

:اردو ترجمہ

"صبح بخیر، چھوٹے ہینس، " ملر نے کہا۔

"Good morning," said Hans, leaning on his spade, and smiling from ear to ear.

:اردو ترجمہ

"صبح بخیر،" ہینس نے کہا، اپنی کھرپی پر جھکتے ہوئے، اور کانوں تک مسکراتے ہوئے۔

"And how have you been all the winter?" said the Miller.

:اردو ترجمہ

"اور ساری سردیوں میں تمہارا حال کیسا رہا؟ " ملر نے کہا۔

"Well, really," cried Hans, "it is very good of you to ask, very good indeed. I am afraid I had rather a hard time of it, but now the spring has come, and I am quite happy, and all flowers are doing well."

:اردو ترجمہ

" ا رے واقعی!" ہینس پکارا " یہ آپ کی بہت مہربانی ہے کہ آپ نے پوچھا، واقعی بہت مہربانی. سچ تو یہ ہے کہ سردیوں کا وقت کچھ مشکل میں گزرا، لیکن اب چونکہ بہار آ چکی ہے، تو میں بہت خوش ہوں، اور میرے سارے پھول بھی خوب پنپ رہے ہیں۔"

"We often talked of you during the winter, Hans," said the Miller, "and wondered how you were getting on." "That was kind of you," said Hans, "I was half afraid you had forgotten me."

:اردو ترجمہ

"ہم سردیوں کے دوران اکثر تمہار اذکر کرتے رہے، ہینس،" ملر نے کہا، "اور سوچتے تھے کہ تمہارا وقت کیسا گزر رہا ہوگا۔" "یہ آپ کی بڑی مہربانی ہے، " ہینس نے کہا : " مجھے تو آدھا ڈر لگنے لگا تھا کہ شاید آپ مجھے بھول چکے ہوں گے۔"

"Hans, I am surprised at you," said the Miller: "friendship never forgets. That is the wonderful thing about it, but I am afraid you don't understand the poetry of life. How lovely your primroses are looking, by-the-bye!"

:اردو ترجمہ

"ہینس، تم پر مجھے حیرت ہو رہی ہے ،" ملر نے کہا ؟ "دوستی کبھی نہیں بھولتی ... یہی تو اس کی خوبصورتی ہے۔ مگر مجھے ڈر ہے کہ تم زندگی کی شاعری کو سمجھتے ہی نہیں۔ ویسے، تمہارے پر ائم روز تو بہت خوبصورت لگ رہے ہیں!"

"They are certainly very lovely," said Hans, "and it is a most lucky thing for me that I have so many. I am going to bring them into the market and sell them to the Burgomaster's daughter, and buy back my wheelbarrow with the money."

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" بے شک یہ واقعی بہت خوبصورت ہیں،" ہینس نے کہا، " اور یہ میرے لیے بڑی خوش نصیبی کی بات ہے کہ میرے پاس اتنے زیادہ ہیں۔ میں انہیں بازار لے جارہا ہوں تاکہ میئر کی بیٹی کو بیچ سکوں، اور اُس رقم سے اپنی ریڑھی واپس خرید لوں۔"

"Buy back your wheelbarrow? You don't mean to say you have sold it? What a very stupid thing to do!"

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"اپنی ریڑھی دوبارہ خریدنا چاہتے ہو؟ کیا واقعی تم نے اسے بیچ دیا تھا؟ یہ تو بہت ہی بے وقوفی کا کام تھا !"

"Well, the fact is," said Hans, "that I was obliged to. You see the winter was a very bad time for me, and I really had no money at all to buy bread with. So I first sold the silver buttons of my Sunday coat, and then I sold my silver chain, and then I sold my big pipe, and at last I sold my wheelbarrow. But I am going to buy them all back again now.."

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"اصل بات یہ ہے، " ہینس نے کہا، "کہ مجھے مجبوری میں ایسا کرنا پڑا۔ دیکھیں، سردیوں کا وقت میرے لیے بہت مشکل تھا، اور میرے پاس تو روٹی خریدنے کے لیے بھی پیسے نہیں تھے۔ تو پہلے میں نے اپنے اتوار والے کوٹ کے چاندی کے بٹن بچے، پھر اپنی چاندی کی زنجیر بچی اس کے بعد اپنی بڑی پائپ، اور آخر میں ریڑھی بھی بیج دی۔ لیکن اب میں یہ سب دوبارہ خریدنے والا ہوں۔"

"Hans," said the Miller, "I will give you my wheelbarrow. It is not in very good repair; indeed, one side is gone, and there is something wrong with the wheel-spokes; but in spite of that I will give it to you. I know it is very generous of me, and a great many people would think me extremely foolish for parting with it, but I am not like the rest of the world. I think that generosity is the essence of friendship, and, besides, I have got a new wheelbarrow for myself. Yes, you may set your mind at ease, I will give you my wheelbarrow."

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" ہینس، "ملر نے کہا، "میں تمہیں اپنی ریڑھی دے دوں گا۔ یہ زیادہ اچھی حالت میں تو نہیں ہے، سچ کہوں تو ایک طرف سے ٹوٹی ہوئی ہے، اور پہیے کی تیلیوں میں بھی کچھ مسئلہ ہے؛ لیکن اس کے باوجود میں تمہیں دے رہا ہوں۔ مجھے معلوم ہے کہ یہ میری طرف سے بہت سخاوت کی بات ہے، اور بہت سے لوگ مجھے بیوقوف سمجھیں گے کہ میں اسے دے رہا ہوں، مگر میں دنیا والوں جیسا نہیں ہوں۔ میرے نزدیک سخاوت ہی دوستی کی اصل روح ہے۔ اور ویسے بھی، میں نے اپنے لیے نئی ریڑھی لے لی ہے۔ ہاں، تم بے فکر ہو جاؤ میں تمہیں اپنی ریڑھی دے دوں گا۔"

"Well, really, that is generous of you," said little Hans, and his funny round face glowed all over with pleasure. "I can easily put it in repair, as I have a plank of wood in the house."

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" ارے واقعی، یہ تو آپ کی بڑی فیاضی ہے ،" چھوٹے ہینس نے کہا، اور اس کا گول سا معصوم چہرہ خوشی سے جگمگا اٹھا۔ "میں تو اسے آسانی سے ٹھیک کر سکتا ہوں، کیونکہ میرے پاس گھر میں ایک لکڑی کا تختہ رکھا ہے۔"

"A plank of wood!" said the Miller; "why, that is just what I want for the roof of my barn. There is a very large hole in it, and the corn will all get damp if I don't stop it up. How lucky you mentioned it! It is quite remarkable how one good action always breeds another. I have given you my wheelbarrow, and now you are going to give me your plank. Of course, the wheelbarrow is worth far more than the plank, but true friendship never notices things like that. Pray get it at once, and I will set to work at my barn this very day."

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"ایک لکڑی کا تختہ ! " ملر نے کہا: " ارے، یہی تو مجھے اپنی بھوسے کی کوٹھری کی چھت کے لیے چاہیے! اس میں ایک بہت بڑا سوراخ ہے، اور اگر میں نے اُسے بند نہ کیا تو سارا اناج نم ہو جائے گا۔ کتنی خوش قسمتی ہے کہ تم نے اس کا ذکر کر دیا واقعی حیرت انگیز بات ہے کہ ایک نیکی دوسری نیکی کو جنم دیتی ہے۔ میں نے تمہیں اپنی ریڑھی دی، اور اب تم مجھے اپنا تختہ دے رہے ہو۔ ظاہر ہے، ریڑھی کی قیمت تختے سے کہیں زیادہ ہے، لیکن سچی دوستی ایسی باتوں پر دھیان نہیں دیتی۔ خدا کے لیے فورا جا کر لے آؤ تا کہ میں آج ہی اپنی کوٹھری پر کام شروع کر سکوں۔ "

"Certainly," cried little Hans, and he ran into the shed and dragged the plank out.

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"ضرور ! " چھوٹے ہینس نے جوش سے کہا، اور وہ بھاگ کر شیڈ میں گیا اور لکڑی کا تختہ گھسیٹتا ہوا باہر لے آیا۔

"It is not a very big plank," said the Miller, looking at it, "and I am afraid that after I have mended my barn-roof there won't be any left for you to mend the wheelbarrow with; but, of course, that is not my fault. And now, as I have given you my wheelbarrow, I am sure youn would like to give me some flowers in return. Here is the basket, and mind you fill it quite full."

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"یہ تختہ کچھ خاص بڑا نہیں ہے،" ملر نے اسے غور سے دیکھتے ہوئے کہا، " اور مجھے ڈر ہے کہ جب میں اپنی کوٹھری کی چھت ٹھیک کرلوں گا، تو شاید تمہارے پاس ریڑھی کی مرمت کے لیے کچھ بھی باقی نہ بچے۔ لیکن ظاہر ہے، یہ میری غلطی تو نہیں ہے۔ اور اب چونکہ میں نے تمہیں اپنی ریڑھی دے دی ہے، تو مجھے یقین ہے کہ تم بدلے میں مجھے کچھ پھول دینا پسند کروگے۔ یہ رہی ٹوکری، اور دھیان رہے کہ اسے مکمل بھر دینا۔ "

"Quite full?" said little Hans, rather sorrowfully, for it was really a very big basket, and he knew that if he filled it he would have no flowers left for the market and he was very anxious to get his silver buttons back.

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"پوری بھر دوں ؟ " چھوٹے ہینس نے کچھ افسردگی سے کہا، کیونکہ وہ ٹوکری واقعی بہت بڑی تھی، اور وہ جانتا تھا کہ اگر اس نے اسے بھر دیا، تو اس کے پاس بازار لے جانے کے لیے کوئی پھول نہیں بچیں گے حالانکہ وہ اپنے چاندی کے بٹن واپس خریدنے کے لیے بہت بے چین تھا۔

"Well, really," answered the Miller, "as I have given you my wheelbarrow, I don't think that it is much to ask you for a few flowers. I may be wrong, but I should have thought that friendship, true friendship, was quite free from selfishness of any kind."

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" ارے بھئی، واقعی ! " ملر نے جواب دیا، " جب میں تمہیں اپنی ریڑھی دے چکا ہوں، تو میر اخیال ہے کہ چند پھول مانگ لینا کوئی بڑی بات تو نہیں۔ ہو سکتا ہے میں غلط ہوں، لیکن میرا تو یہی مانا ہے کہ دوستی.... سچی دوستی ہر قسم کی خود غرضی سے پاک ہوتی ہے۔"

"My dear friend, my best friend," cried little Hans, "you are welcome to all the flowers in my garden. I would much sooner have your good opinion than my silver buttons, any day", and he ran and plucked all his pretty primroses, and filled the Miller's basket.

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"میرے عزیز دوست، میرے سب سے اچھے دوست !" چھوٹے ہینس نے پکارا "میرے باغ کے تمام پھول آپ کے لیے حاضر ہیں۔ مجھے تو کسی بھی دن آپ کی نیک رائے اپنے چاندی کے بٹنوں سے زیادہ عزیز ہے!"

"Good-bye, little Hans," said the Miller, as he went up the hill with the plank on his shoulder and the big basket in his hand.

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"خداحافظ ، چھوٹے ہینس، " ملر نے کہا، جب وہ کندھے پر تختہ رکھے اور ہاتھ میں بڑی ٹوکری اٹھائے پہاڑی پر چڑھتا گیا۔

"Good-bye," said little Hans, and he began to dig away quite merrily, he was so pleased about the wheelbarrow.

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"خداحافظ، ” چھوٹے ہینس نے کہا، اور خوشی خوشی دوبارہ کھدائی میں لگ گیا، کیو نکہ وہ ریڑھی کے بارے میں بہت خوش تھا.

The next day he was nailing up some honeysuckle against the porch, when he heard the Miller's voice calling to him from the road. So he jumped off the ladder, and ran down the garden, and looked over the wall.

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اگلے دن وہ اپنی جھوپڑی کے دروازے کے پاس شہتوت کی بیل کیلوں سے ٹانک رہا تھا کہ اسے سڑک سے ملر کی آواز سنائی دی۔ چنانچہ وہ فورا سیڑ ھی سے نیچے اترا، باغ کی طرف دوڑا، اور دیوار کے اوپر سے جھانک کر دیکھا۔

There was the Miller with a large sack of flour on his back.

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وہاں ملر کھڑ ا تھا، جس کی پیٹھ پر آٹے کی ایک بڑی بوری لدی ہوئی تھی۔

"Dear little Hans," said the Miller, "would you mind carrying this sack of flour for me to market?"

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"پیارے چھوٹے ہینس"، ملر نے کہا، "کیا تم برا تو نہ مانو گے اگر یہ آٹے کی بوری میرے لیے بازار تک لے جاؤ؟"

"Oh, I am so sorry," said Hans, "but I am really very busy to-day. I have got all my creepers to nail up, and all my flowers to water, and all my grass to roll."

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"اوہ، مجھے بہت افسوس ہے"، اس نے کہا، " لیکن آج میں واقعی بہت مصروف ہوں، مجھے اپنی ساری بیلیں کیلوں سے ٹا نکنی ہیں، سارے پھولوں کو پانی دینا ہے، اور ساری گھاس ہموار کرنی ہے"

"Well, really," said the Miller, "I think that, considering that I am going to give you my wheelbarrow, it is rather unfriendly of you to refuse."

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"ارے واقعی !" ملر نے کہا، "میری رائے میں، جب میں تمھیں اپنی ریڑھی دینے جارہا ہوں، تو تمہارا انکار کرنا کچھ زیادہ دوستانہ بات نہیں ہے۔"

"Oh, don't say that," cried little Hans, "I wouldn't be unfriendly for the whole world"; and he ran in for his cap, and trudged off with the big sack on his shoulders.

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" اوہ ایسا مت کہیں !" چھوٹے ہینس نے پکارا، " میں ساری دنیا کے بدلے بھی بے وفائی نہیں کرنا چاہوں گا." یہ کہہ کر وہ دوڑ کر اپنی ٹوپی لینے گیا، اور آٹے کی بھاری بوری کندھے پر اٹھائے چل پڑا۔

It was a very hot day, and the road was terribly dusty, and before Hans had reached the sixth milestone he was so tired that he had to sit down and rest. However, he went on bravely, and as last he reached the market.

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وہ دن بہت گرم تھا، اور سڑک پر سخت گردو غبار تھا، اور ہینس ابھی چھٹے سنگ میل تک ہی پہنچا تھا کہ اتنی تھکن ہو گئی کہ اُسے بیٹھ کر کچھ دیر آرام کرنا پڑا۔ تاہم، اس نے ہمت نہیں ہاری، اور آخر کار وہ بازار پانچ ہی گیا۔

After he had waited there some time, he sold the sack of flour for a very good price, and then he returned home at once, for he was afraid that if he stopped too late he might meet some robbers on the way.

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کچھ دیر وہاں انتظار کرنے کے بعد ، اُس نے آٹے کی بوری بہت اچھے داموں میں بیچ دی، اور فوراً وا پس گھر کی طرف روانہ ہو گیا، کیونکہ ایسے ڈر تھا کہ اگر وہ زیادہ دیر رک گیا تو راستے میں کہیں ڈاکو نہ مل جائیں.

"It has certainly been a hard day," said little Hans to himself as he was going to bed, "but I am glad I did not refuse the Miller, for he is my best friend, and, besides, he is going to give me his wheelbarrow."

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"یقینا آج کا دن بہت سخت گزرا، " چھوٹے ہینس نے اپنے آپ سے کہا جب وہ سونے جارہا تھا، مگر مجھے خوشی ہے کہ میں نے ملر کو انکار نہیں کیا، کیو نکہ وہ میرا اسب سے اچھا دوست ہے۔ اور ویسے بھی، وہ مجھے اپنی ریڑھی دینے والا ہے۔

Early the next morning the Miller came down to get the money for his sack of flour, but little Hans was so tired that he was still in bed.

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اگلی صبح سویرے ہی ملر آٹے کی بوری کی رقم لینے آگیا، لیکن چھوٹا ہینس اتنا تھکا ہوا تھا کہ ابھی تک بستر میں ہی پڑا تھا۔

"Upon my word," said the Miller, "you are very lazy. Really, considering that I am going to give you my wheelbarrow, I think you might work harder. Idleness is a great sin, and I certainly don't like any of my friends to be idle or sluggish. You must not mind my speaking quite plainly to you. Of course I should not dream of doing so if I were not your friend. But what is the good of friendship if one cannot say exactly what one means? Anybody can say charming things and try to please and to flatter, but a true friend always says unpleasant things, and does not mind giving pain. Indeed, if he is a really true friend he prefers it, for he knows that then he is doing good."

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"سچ کہوں تو ، " ملر نے کہا، " تم بہت ہی مست ہو ۔ واقعی ، جب میں تمہیں اپنی ریڑھی دینے والا ہوں، تو مجھے لگتا ہے کہ تمہیں کچھ زیادہ محنت کرنی چاہیے۔ ستی ایک بڑا گناہ ہے، اور مجھے تو یہ ہر گز پسند نہیں کہ میرے دوست سست یا پاگل ہو۔ مجھے امید ہے کہ تم میری بات صاف صاف کہنے کا برا نہیں مانو گے۔ ظاہر ہے، اگر میں تمہارا دوست نہ ہوتا تو کبھی ایسا نہ کہتا۔ لیکن اگر انسان اپنی بات کھل کر نہ کہہ سکے تو دوستی کا فائدہ ہی کیا؟ اچھی اچھی باتیں تو ہر کوئی کر لیتا ہے، خوشامد اور دل جوئی بھی سب کو آتی ہے، مگر ایک سچا دوست وہی ہوتا ہے جو کڑوی بات کہنے سے نہ گھبر ائے، اور تکلیف دینے میں بھی جھجک نہ کرے۔ بلکہ اگر وہ واقعی سچا دوست ہو، تو اُسے یہی کرنے میں خوشی ملتی ہے۔ کیونکہ وہ جانتا ہے کہ وہ تمہاری بھلائی کے لیے ایسا کر رہا ہے۔"

"I am very sorry," said little Hans, rubbing his eyes and pulling off his night-cap, "but I was so tired that I thought I would lie in bed for a little time, and listen to the birds singing. Do you know that I always work better after hearing the birds sing?"

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"مجھے بہت افسوس ہے"، چھوٹے ہینس نے آنکھیں ملتے اور اپنی سوتی ٹوپی اتارتے ہوئے کہا، "لیکن میں اتنا تھکا ہوا تھا کہ سوچا تھوڑی دیر بستر میں لیٹ کر پرندوں کی چہچہاہٹ سن لوں۔ کیا آپ جانتے ہیں کہ میں ہمیشہ پرندوں کی آواز سننے کے بعد زیادہ اچھا کام کرتا ہوں ؟"

"Well, I am glad of that," said the Miller, clapping little Hans on the back, "for I want you to come up to the mill as soon as you are dressed, and mend my barn-roof for me."

:اردو ترجمہ

"اچھا، یہ سن کر مجھے خوشی ہوئی" ، ملر نے کہا، اور چھوٹے ہینس کی پیٹھ تھپتھپاتے ہوئے بولا، "کیونکہ جیسے ہی تم تیار ہو جاؤ، میں چاہتا ہوں کہ تم او پر چکی پر آؤ اور میری کو ٹھری کی چھت کی مرمت کر دو۔"

Poor little Hans was very anxious to go and work in his garden, for his flowers had not been watered for two days, but he did not like to refuse the Miller, as he was such a good friend to him.

:اردو ترجمہ

بیچارا چھوٹا ہینس اپنے باغ میں کام کرنے کے لیے بڑا فکر مند تھا، کیونکہ اس کے پھول دو دنوں سے پانی کے بغیر تھے، لیکن اس نے ملر کو انکار کر نا پسند نہیں کیا، کیو نکہ وہ اس کا بہت اچھا دوست تھا۔

"Do you think it would be unfriendly of me if I said I was busy?" he inquired in a shy and timid voice.

:اردو ترجمہ

"کیا آپ کو لگتا ہے کہ اگر میں کہوں کہ میں مصروف ہوں تو یہ بے وفائی ہو گی ؟" اس نے شرمیلے اور ہچکچاتے ہوئی آواز میں پوچھا۔

Well, really," answered the Miller, "I do not think it is much to ask of you, considering that I am going to give you my wheelbarrow; but of course if you refuse I will go and do it myself." "Oh! On no account," cried little Hans and he jumped out of bed, and dressed himself, and went up to the barn.

:اردو ترجمہ

"ارے واقعی ! " ملر نے جواب دیا، " مجھے نہیں لگتا کہ یہ تم سے کچھ مانگنا زیادتی ہوگی، خاص طور پر جب میں تمہیں اپنی ریڑھی دے رہا ہوں۔ لیکن اگر تم انکار کر دو تو میں خود ہی جا کر کر دوں گا۔" "اوہ! کوئی وجہ نہیں،" ننھے ہینس نے کہا اور وہ بستر سے چھلانگ لگا کر خود کو تیار کر کے گودام میں چلا گیا۔

He worked there all day long, till sunset, and at sunset the Miller came to see how he was getting on. "Have you mended the hole in the roof yet, little Hans?" cried the Miller in a cheery voice. "It is quite mended," answered little Hans, coming down the ladder.

:اردو ترجمہ

اس نے سارا دن وہاں کام کیا، غروب آفتاب تک، اور غروب آفتاب کے وقت ملر یہ دیکھنے آیا کہ وہ کیسا کام کر رہا ہے۔ " کیا تم نے چھت کے سوراخ کو ٹھیک کر دیا ہے، چھوٹے ہینس ؟" ملر نے خوشگوار آواز میں پوچھا۔ " جی ہاں، بالکل ٹھیک کر دیا ہے، " چھوٹے ہینس نے سیڑھی سے نیچے آتے ہوئے جواب دیا۔

"Ah!" said the Miller, "there is no work so delightful as the work one does for others."

:اردو ترجمہ

"آہ!" ملر نے کہا، "کوئی کام اتنا خوشگوار نہیں ہوتا جتنا کام دوسروں کے لیے کیا جائے۔"

"It is certainly a great privilege to hear you talk," answered little Hans, sitting down, and wiping his forehead, "a very great privilege. But I am afraid I shall never have such beautiful ideas as you have."

:اردو ترجمہ

"یقینا آپ کی باتیں سنا ایک بہت بڑا اعزاز ہے"، چھوٹے ہینس نے بٹھتے ہوئے اور پیشانی سے پسینہ پونچھتے ہوئے کہا، "واقعی بہت بڑا اعزاز۔ مگر مجھے ڈر ہے کہ میرے پاس آپ جیسی خوبصورت سوچ کبھی نہیں ہو گی۔"

"Oh! they will come to you," said the Miller, "but you must take more pains. At present you have only the practice of friendship; some day you will have the theory also."

:اردو ترجمہ

"اوہ اوہ تمہارے پاس ضرور آئیں گے"، ملر نے کہا، "لیکن تمہیں زیادہ محنت کرنی ہوگی۔ ابھی تمہارے پاس صرف دوستی کی مشتق ہے؛ کسی دن تمہارے پاس اس کا نظریہ بھی ہو گا۔"

"Do you really think I shall?" asked little Hans.

:اردو ترجمہ

"کیا آپ واقعی سوچتے ہیں کہ میں ایسا ہوگا؟" چھوٹے ہینس نے پوچھا۔"

"I have no doubt of it," answered the Miller, "but now that you have mended the roof, you had better go home and rest, for I want you to drive my sheep to the mountain tomorrow."

:اردو ترجمہ

"مجھے اس میں کوئی شک نہیں ہے،" ملر نے جواب دیا، "لیکن اب جب کہ تم نے چھت کو ٹھیک کر لیا ہے، تو بہتر ہوگا کہ تم گھر جا کر آرام کرو، کیونکہ میں چاہتا ہوں کہ تم کل میری بھیڑوں کو پہاڑ پر لے جاؤ۔"

Poor little Hans was afraid to say anything to this, and early the next morning the Miller brought his sheep round to the cottage, and Hans started off with them to the mountain.

:اردو ترجمہ

بیچارے چھوٹے ہینس کو اس بات پر کچھ کہنے کی اہمت نہیں ہوئی، اور اگلی صبح سویرے ملر اپنی بھیڑوں کو جھونپڑی کے پاس لے آیا اور ونس انہیں لے کر پہاڑ کی طرف روانہ ہو گیا۔

It took him the whole day to get there and back; and when he returned he was so tired that he went off to sleep in his chair, and did not wake up till it was broad daylight. "What a delightful time I shall have in my garden," he said, and he went to work at once.

:اردو ترجمہ

اسے وہاں پہنچنے اور واپس آنے میں پورا دن لگ گیا اور جب وہ واپس آیا تو اتنا تھکا ہوا تھا کہ کرسی پر ہی سو گیا، اور تب تک نہیں جاگا جب تک پوری روشنی نہ ہوگئی۔ "کتنا خوشگوار وقت گزرے گا میر اباغ میں"، اس نے کہا، اور فورا کام شروع کر دیا۔

But somehow he was never able to look after his flowers at all, for his friend the Miller was always coming round and sending him off on long errands, or getting him to help at the mill Little Hans was very much distressed at times, as he was afraid his flowers would think he had forgotten them, but he consoled himself by the reflection that the Miller was his best friend. "Besides," he used to say, "he is going to give me his wheelbarrow, and that is an act of pure generosity." So little Hans worked away for the Miller, and the Miller said all kinds of beautiful things about friendship, which Hans took down in a note-book, and used to read over at night, for he was a very good scholar.

:اردو ترجمہ

لیکن کسی نہ کسی طرح ہینس کبھی بھی اپنے پھولوں کی دیکھ بھال ٹھیک سے نہیں کر پاتا تھا، کیونکہ اس کا دوست ملر ہمیشہ آتا رہتا اور اسے لمبے لمبے کاموں پر بھیج دیتا، یا چکی پر مد د کیلیے لے جاتا۔ چھوٹے ہینس کو کبھی کبھی بہت تکلیف ہوتی، کیونکہ اسے ڈر لگتا کہ اس کے پھول سوچیں گے کہ وہ انہیں بھول گیا ہے، مگر وہ خود کو تسلی دیتا کہ ملر اس کا سب سے اچھا دوست ہے۔ "اور ایسے بھی"، وہ اکثر کہتا، "وہ مجھے اپنی ریڑھی دینے والا ہے"، اور یہ خالص سخاوت کا کام ہے۔ یوں چھوٹا ہینس ملر کے لیے محنت کرتا رہا اور ملر دوستی کے بارے میں خوبصورت باتیں کر تارہا، جنہیں ہینس نوٹ بک میں لکھ لیتا اور رات کو پڑھتا، کیو نکہ وہ بہت اچھا عالم تھا۔

Now it happened that one evening litlle Hans was sitting by his fireside when a loud rap came at the door. It was a very wild night, and the wind was blowing and roaring round the house so terribly that at first he thought it was merely the storm. But a second rap came, and then a third, louder than any of the others. "It is some poor traveler," said little Hans to himself, and he ran to the door. There stood the Miller with a lantern in one hand and a big stick in the other.

:اردو ترجمہ

پھر ایسا ہوا کہ ایک شام چھوٹا ہینس اپنے آنگن میں آگ کے پاس بیٹھا تھا جب اچانک دروازے پر زور دار دستک ہوئی ۔ وہ رات بہت طوفانی تھی، اور ہوا گھر کے چاروں طرف زور زور سے گرج رہی تھی کہ شروع میں ہینس نے سوچا کہ یہ صرف طوفان کی آواز ہے. مگر پھر دوسری دستک ہوئی، اور پھر تیسری، جو پہلیوں سے بھی زیادہ زور دار تھی۔ " یہ کوئی محتاج مسافر ہو گا، " ہینس نے اپنے آپ سے کہا، اور دوڑ کر دروازے کی طرف گیا. دروازے پر کھڑے تھا ملر، جس کے ایک ہاتھ میں لالٹین تھی اور دوسرے میں ایک بڑی چھڑی لے ہوۓ کھڑا تھا

"Dear little Hans, cried the Miller, "I am in great trouble. My little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself, and I am going for the Doctor. But he lives so far away, and it is such a bad night, that it has just occurred to me that it would be much better if you went instead of me."

:اردو ترجمہ

"پیارے چھوٹے ہینس !" ملر نے پکارا، " میں بہت پریشان ہوں۔ میرا چھوٹا بیٹا سیڑھی سے گر گیا ہے اور زخمی ہو گیا ہے، اور میں ڈاکٹر کے پاس جارہا ہوں۔ لیکن وہ بہت دور رہتا ہے، اور آج رات بہت خراب ہے، تو مجھے خیال آیا ہے کہ تم میرے بجائے چلے جاؤ۔"

"You know I am going to give you my wheelbarrow, and so, it is only fair that you should do something for me in return."

:اردو ترجمہ

" تم جانتے ہو کہ میں تمہیں اپنی ریڑھی دینے والا ہوں، اور اس لیے یہ مناسب ہے کہ تم بھی میرے لیے کچھ کرو۔"

"Certainly," cried little Hans, "I take it quite as a compliment your coming to me, and I will start off at once. But you must lend me your lantern, as the night is so dark that i am afraid I might fall into the ditch."

:اردو ترجمہ

"یقینا" چھوٹے ہینس نے کہا، " آپ کا میرے پاس آنا میرے لیے ایک بڑا اعزاز ہے، اور میں فورآ روانہ ہوجاؤں گا۔ لیکن آپ مجھے اپنی لالٹین ضرور دیں، کیونکہ رات بہت تاریک ہے اور مجھے ڈر ہے کہ کہیں میں کھائی میں نہ گر جاؤں۔"

"I am very sorry," answered the Miller, "but it is my new lantern, and it would be a great loss to me if anything happened to it."

:اردو ترجمہ

" میں معذرت چاہتا ہوں،" ملر نے جواب دیا، "لیکن یہ میری نئی لالٹین ہے، اور اگر اسے کچھ ہوگیا تو یہ میرے لیے بہت بڑا نقصان ہوگا۔"

"Well, never mind, I will do without it," cried little Hans, and he took down his great fur coat, and his warm scarlet cap, and tied a muffler round his throat, and started off.

:اردو ترجمہ

"ٹھیک ہے، کوئی بات نہیں، میں اس کے بغیر ہی کروں گا (چلا جاؤں گا)،" چھوٹے ہینس نے کہا، اور اس نے اپنا زبردست فر والا کوٹ، اور اپنی گرم سرخ رنگ کی ٹوپی پہنیں، اور اپنے گلے میں مفلر باندھا، اور روانہ ہو گیا۔

What a dreadful storm it was! The night was so black that little Hans could hardly see, and the wind was so strong that he could scarcely stand. However, he was very courageous, and after he had been walking about three hours, he arrived at the Doctor's house, and knocked at the door.

:اردو ترجمہ

یہ کیسا خوفناک طوفان تھا! رات اتنی تاریک تھی کہ چھوٹا ہینس مشکل سے دیکھ پا رہا تھا، اور ہوا اتنی تیز تھی کہ وہ مشکل سے کھڑا ہو سکتا تھا۔ بہرحال وہ بہت بہادر تھا، اور تقریباً تین گھنٹے پیدل چلنے کے بعد وہ ڈاکٹر کے گھر پہنچا، اور دروازے پر دستک دی۔

"Who is there?" cried the Doctor, putting his head out of his bedroom window.
"Little Hans, Doctor."
"What do you want, little Hans?"

:اردو ترجمہ

"وہاں کون ہے؟" ڈاکٹر نے اپنے خواب گاہ کی کھڑکی سے سر نکالتے ہوئے پوچھا۔
"چھوٹے ہینس، ڈاکٹر۔"
"تم کیا چاہتے ہو، چھوٹے ہینس؟"

"The Miller's son has fallen from a ladder, and has hurt himself, and the Miller wants you to come at once."

:اردو ترجمہ

"ملر کا بیٹا سیڑھی سے گر گیا ہے اور زخمی ہو گیا ہے، اور ملر چاہتا ہے کہ آپ فوراً آئیں۔ "

"All right!" said the Doctor, and he ordered his horse, and his big boots, and his lantern, and came downstairs, and rode off in the direction of the Miller's house, little Hans trudging behind him.

:اردو ترجمہ

"ٹھیک ہے !" ڈاکٹر نے کہا؟ پھر اس نے اپنے گھوڑے، بڑے جوتے اور اپنی لالٹین منگوائی، اور نیچے آیا، اور ملر کے گھر کی طرف روانہ ہوگیا، جبکہ چھوٹا ہینس تھک کر اس کے پیچھے چل رہا تھا۔

But the storm grew worse and worse, and the rain fell in torrents, and little Hans could not see where he was going or keep up with the horse. At last he lost his way, and wandered off on the moor, which was a very dangerous place, as it was full of deep holes, and there poor little Hans was drowned. His body was found the next day by some goatherds, floating in a great pool of water, and was brought back by them to the cottage.

:اردو ترجمہ

لیکن طوفان بد سے بدتر ہوتا چلا گیا، اور بارش اتنی موسلا دھار تھی، اور چھوٹا ہینس دیکھ بھی نہیں پا رہا تھا کہ وہ کہاں جا رہا ہے، اور نہ ہی گھوڑے کے ساتھ قدم ملا کر چل بھی سک رہا تھا۔ آخر کار وہ راستہ بھول گیا، اور کھڈے پر بھٹک گیا، جو کہ بہت خطرناک جگہ تھی، کیونکہ یہ گہرے گڑھوں سے بھرا ہوا تھا، اور وہیں بد قسمتی سے چھوٹا ہینس ڈوب گیا۔ اس کا جسم اگلے دن کچھ بکریوں کے چرواہوں نے ایک بڑے تالاب میں تیر تا ہو اپایا، اور وہ اسے لے کر جھونپڑی تک واپس آئے۔

Everybody went to little Hans' funeral, as he was so popular, and the Miller was the chief mourner.

:اردو ترجمہ

ہر کوئی چھوٹے ہینس کے جنازے میں شریک ہوا، کیونکہ وہ بہت مشہور تھا، اور ملر سب سے بڑا سوگوار تھا۔

"As I was his best friend," said the Miller, "It is only fair that I should have the best place"; so he walked at the head of the procession in a long black cloak, and every now and then he wiped his eyes with a big pocket-handkerchief.

:اردو ترجمہ

"چونکہ میں اس کا سب سے اچھا دوست تھا،" ملر نے کہا، "یہ بالکل مناسب ہے کہ مجھے سب سے آگے جگہ ملنی چاہیے"؛ چنانچہ وہ ایک لمبا سیاہ لباس پہنے جلوس کی قیادت کرتا ہوا چلنے لگا اور کبھی کبھار وہ ایک بڑے رومال سے اپنی آنکھیں پو نچھ لیتا.

"Little Hans is certainly a great loss to everyone," said the Blacksmith, when the funeral was over, and they were all seated comfortably in the inn, drinking spiced wine and eating sweet cakes.

:اردو ترجمہ

"چھوٹا ہینس یقین سب کے لیے بہت بڑانقصان ہے"، لوہار نے کہا، جب جنازہ ختم ہوا اور وہ سب سرائے میں آرام سے بیٹھے، مصالحے دار شراب پی رہے تھے اور میٹھے کیک کھا رہے تھے۔

"A great loss to me at any rate," answered the Miller, "why, I had as good as given him my wheelbarrow, and now I really don't know what to do with it. It is very much in my way at home, and it is in such bad repair that I could not get anything for it if I sold it. I will certainly take care not to give away anything again. One always suffers for being generous."

:اردو ترجمہ

" میرے لیے تو یہ بہت بڑا نقصان ہے ، " ملر نے جواب دیا، " دیکھو، میں نے تو تقریباً اسے اپنی ریڑھی دے دی تھی، اور اب میں واقعی میں نہیں جانتا کہ اس کے ساتھ کیا کروں۔ یہ گھر میں بہت فضول جگہ گھیرے ہوئے ہے، اور اتنی خراب حالت میں ہے کہ اگر میں اسے بیچوں تو اس کے بدلے میں کچھ نہیں ملے گا. میں یقینی طور پر اس بات کا خیال رکھوں گا کہ دوبارہ کچھ نہ دوں۔ سخاوت کا ہمیشہ نقصان ہوتا ہے۔"


Wednesday, 20 August 2025

UNIT 01: TRUSTWORTHINESS AND TOLERANCE - English Paper II (Compulsory) - For Class XII (All Groups) - Words Meanings

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Unit 01: Trustworthiness And Tolerance
English (C)
For Class XII (All Groups)
Words Meanings

The Devoted Friend
By Oscar Wilde

S.NO. Words Meanings
1. Ale Beer like beverage بیئر کی طرح کا مشروب
2. Anxious Worried پریشان / فکر مند
3. Ashamed of Feeling Guilty شرمندہ ہونا
4. Barn Building for storage / A large farm گودام
5. Bloom Sprout the flowers کلی کھلنا
6. Blossom Produce the flowers پھول کھلنا
7. Bothered Make worried / Make Trouble پریشان کرنا
8. Burgomaster's Daughter Daughter of the mayor of the city شہر کے میئر کی لڑکی
10. Cask Barrel-shaped container گیلن نما برتن
11. Cheery Cheerful / Glad / Happy خوش / خوشگوار
12. Clergyman Churchman گرجا گھر کا پادری
13. Cloak Loose outer garment چغہ
14. Columbines Plants with showy flowers نمایاں پھول رکھنے والے پودے
15. Confused Uncleared, Bewildered, Mixed up گڈمڈ کرنا ,الجھن میں
16. Consoled Comforted تسلی دے لینا
17. Cottage A small house in Village دیہات میں چھوٹا مکان
18.  Courageous Fearless / Brave بہادر / نڈر / بے خوف
19. Cowslip A yellow flower گیندے کا پھول / ایک پیلا پھول
20. Creepers Plants grow very low to the ground بیل دار پودے
-. Daffodils Bright yellow flowers آبی نرگس
21. Damask Roses Firm and lustrous figured roses ہموار اور شہوت انگیز گلاب
22. Delightful Giving geat pleasure خوشگوار, خوش مزاج,
23. Distressed Upset, Sorrow, Pain پریشان
24. Ditch Trench کھائی، خندق
25. Dragged Pulled گھسیٹنا
26. Dreadful Terrible, Frightful خوفناک
27. Drowsy Sleepy غنودگی
28. Errands Trips taken to do something / Short Journey چھوٹے کاموں کے لیےسفر / کسی کام کے لیے سفر
29. Envious Jealous حسد کرنے والا, حاسد
30. Envy Jealousy حسد
31. Essence Spirit / Quintessence نچوڑ / جوہر / روح / اصل
32. Fair maids of France Kind of flowers پھولوں کی قسم
33. Fellow Man or Boy لڑکا یا مرد
34. Funeral A ceremony for a dead person ایک مردہ شخص کی رسم تدفین
35. Generous Chivalrous / Lavish / Plentiful فیاض / سخی
36  Gilly Flowers Clove scented pink flowers شب بو کا پودا / لونگ جیسی خوشبو رکھنے والے پھول
37. Goatherds A person who tends goats بکریاں چرانے والا / چرواہا
38. Honeysuckle A kind of shrubs ایک قسم کا پودا
39. I am afraid I am sorry معذرت چاہتا ہوں
40. Idleness Laziness سستی
41. In the country side Land that is away from big city or town دیہی علاقہ
42. Indeed Without question در حقیقت
43. Inn A pub سرائے / چھوٹا ہوٹل
44. Leaning Over Bending the body forward آگے جھکنا / در حقیقت
45. Lilac Crocuses Shrubs with fragrant flowers خوشبودار پھولوں والے پودے
46. Lonely Alone اکیلا, تنہا
47. Marjoram Aromatic Mint خوشبودار پودینہ
48. Merrily Happily / Gladly خوشی سے / خوشی کے ساتھ
49. Milch Cows Milk-yielding cows دودھ دینے والی گائیں
50. Moor Open and usually swampy wasteland / A tract of open uncultivated land بنجر زمین / کھلی اور عام طور پر دلدلی زمین
51. Mourner Grief expresser / Griever / Sorrower سوگوار / غمگین شخص / افسردہ / ماتم کرنے والا
52. Nail Up Fasten something with nails کیلوں سے جڑنا / کسی چیز کو کیلوں سے جڑنا
53. Nosegay A small bunch of flowers پھولوں کا ایک چھوٹا گلدستہ
54. Obliged Compelled مجبور ہو جانا
55. Odour Fragrance خوشبو
56. Plainly Purely صاف طور پر
57. Plank (A plank of wood) Heavy thick board (A long, flat piece of timber) لکڑی کا لمبا، چپٹا تختہ / موٹا تختہ
58. Pluck Remove نوچنا / توڑنا
59. Porch Covered entrance برآمدہ / پیش گاہ / چھتا
60. Porridge Soft boiled cereal دلیہ
61. Primroses Low herbs with clusters of showy flowers نمایاں پھولوں والی چھوٹی جھاڑیاں
62. Privilege Advantage / Entitlement حق، اختیار / اعزاز / فائدہ
63. Procession Group of people لوگوں کا گروہ
64. Quite To a considerable extent بہت حد تک، تقریباً
65. Rap A sharp blow زور دار چوٹ
66. Rap came at the door A quick hit or knock کھٹکھٹانا
67. Rather Somewhat غالباً
68. Reflection Thought خیال
69. Repair Mend, restoration درست کرنا / مرمت کرنا
70. Sack A large bag بوری / بڑا تھیلا
71. Scarcely Hardly مشکل ہی سے
72. Scarlet Bright red گہرا لال
73. Shepherds-Purses Kind of flowers پھولوں کی قسم
74. Silly Stupid, foolish بے وقوف
75. Sluggish Slow, Inactive, Idle سست
76. Sorrowfully With sadness / Mournfully / Sadly افسوس سے
77. Sternly Strictly / Harshly / Seriously سنجیدگی سے / سختی سے
78. Supper Late night light meal (after Dinner) رات کا کھانا
79. Sweet Williams Fragrant English garden flowers خوشبودار انگریزی باغیچہ کے پھول
 (This is the first of a list of flowers which have king been grown in English cottage garden.)
80. Temptation Lure, Enticement لالچ، ترغیب
81. Timid Fearful / Not Confident کم حوصلہ / غیر پُراعتماد / ڈرپوک / خوفزدہ
82. Tiny Very small نہایت چھوٹا
83. Torrent Flood / Heavy rainfall موسلا دھار بارش / سَیلاب تیز
84. Trudged / Trudging / Trudged off Walked slowly with heavy steps / Walking with difficulty آہستہ آہستہ چلنا / مشکل سے چلنا / پاؤں گھسیٹ کر چلنا
85. Violets Small flowering plants چھوٹے پھول دار پودے
86. Wandered off Stray بھٹک جانا
87. Wheelbarrow A small hand propelled load-bearing vehicle ایک پہیے والی گاڑی / چھوٹی ہاتھ سے چلنے والی گاڑی
88. Wheel-spokes Rods of the wheel پہیہ کی تیلیاں
89. Wild Basil Wild aromatic mint جنگلی خوشبودار پودینہ
90. Worth value قیمت