English X - Chapter No.19 - Questions-Answers and Text Book Exercise

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THE KHYBER PASS
Questions-Answers and Text Book Exercise

A. Comprehension:

Q.1 What is the Khyber Pass? 
Ans. Khyber Pass is one of the most famous pass which is a narrow mountain valley. It leads the travellers to Afghanistan, At this side of the pass, is the famous and flourishing city of Peshawar and at the other end, is the frontier post of Torkham.

Q.2: How long it is ? 

Ans. It is about fifty kilometres long. 

Q.3: Where do we go through the Pass?

Ans. From Khyber Pass we can go to Afghanistan and on the other side is the famous city of Peshawar.

Q.4: When did Aryans cross it?
Ans. The Khyber Pass has been famous in history for thousands of years. The Aryans crossed this Pass nearly four thousand years ago and entered Pakistan.

Q.5:  How many times did Mahmood Ghaznavi cross it and why?

Ans. Sultan Mahmood Ghaznavi crossed the Khyber Pass seventeen times to attack South Asia. He did so in order to spread Islam in sub continent. 

Q.6: Has the Khyber Pass been used as a trade route? OR What is the economical importance of Khyber Pass? Or Why it had been a famous trade route in history?

Ans. The Khyber Pass is as busy a trade route today as it was ever in history. Economically, it is also important because it is the most favorable and best connection of East Asian countries with Central Asian countries for trading purposes. Formerly, camel caravans carried bales of cotton, silk, carpets and spices from cities of South Asia and beyond.. They also brought mirrors, furs, skins and fruits.The trade is now carried on mostly by trains, lorries and trucks.

Q.7: What did the camel caravans carry?
Ans. The Khyber pass has been a famous trade route. Formerly the camel caravans carried bales of cotton, silk and spices from India and China to Afghanistan and beyond. They also brought mirrors, furs, skins and fruits from there for India and the countries to the East. 

 Q.8: By what have the camels caravans been replaced?
Ans. The camels caravans have now been replaced by trains, trucks and lorries which are the most advanced and fastest means of transportation.

Q.9: Who lives in the mountains of the Khyber Pass?
Ans. The brave and freedom loving tribesmen of the frontier live in the mountains. who fought with the mighty British Empire for hundred years and defended their freedom. They are now the defenders of North-Western frontier of Pakistan.

Q.10: Which is the highest place along the pass? OR Why Landi Kotal is the famous place along the Pass?

Ans. Landi Kotal is the famous place along the Pass because it is the highest place about thirty km away from Jamrod Check post along the pass. It is also a market place where most of the people enjoy eating Tikkas and Chapli Kabab. Landi Kotal is a beautiful spot from where the road goes down winding through beautiful scenery.

Q.11: What is the historical importance of Khyber Pass?
Ans. The Khyber Pass has been famous in history for thousands of years. The Aryans crossed this Pass nearly four thousand years ago and entered Pakistan. After them came the Mongols and the Tartars. Sultan Mahmood Ghaznavi crossed the Khyber Pass seventeen times to attack South Asia. Then came other Muslim conquerors - Shahabuddin Ghauri, Babur and Ahmad Shah Abdali.

Q.12: Describe briefly the route from Peshawar to Khyber Pass?
Ans. The route for reaching Khyber Pass starts from the central city of Peshawar. About fourteen km from Peshawar is the Jamrod Check Post from where the permits are issued. It is surrounded by mountains. The road runs zigzag through the mountains. Below the road, run a track for trains or caravans  After covering about thirty km there is highest place of the pass Landi Kotal, from where the road goes down winding through beautiful scenery. Parallel to the road, runs the railway line, which runs through many tunnels in the mountains. At a distance of ten kilometres from Landi Kotal,  there is the frontier post Torkham which lies between Pakistan and Afghanistan.

Q.13: Where is Landikotal? Writa a short account of Bilal and his friend's stay there?
Ans. Landikotal is about thirty kilometres from Peshawar, the highest place along the Pass. Here, the students made a short stop and ate some delicious and traditional meal i.e TIkkas and Chapli Kababs. They also had an opportunity to see the beautiful sites and the railway line laid in 1925 by the British Government.

Q.14: Where is Torkham and what did Bilal and his friend see when they reached there?
Ans. Torkham is at a distance of ten kilometres from Landikotal, the highest place along the Pass. It is the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan. When the students reached there, they saw a chain stretched across the road and the Pakistan flag flying on a hill. The soldiers guarding the frontier welcomed them.

Q.15: What did the boys think standing at the hills?
Ans. As they stood looking at the hills, they thought of the brave soldiers of Mahmood, Babur and Abdali riding along this beautiful Pass. They also thought of the caravans which once carried various goods through the Khyber Pass to and from the cities of South Asia and beyond.

B. Write down the meanings of the following words and used them in your own sentences:

Words / Meaning

S.No.	Words	Meanings
1.	Beyond	Across
2.	Bales	A large bundle
3.	Conqueror	A person who conquers a place or people, Winner
4.	Defended	Try to save oneself
5.	Delicious	Tasty
6.	Famous	Well known
7.	Frontier post	An official place for crossing the border between two areas or countries
8.	Mighty	Powerful
9.	Mule trains	Rows of mule
10.	Route	Path way
11.	Spices	A pungent vegetable substance used to flavour food
12.	Stretched	Extend
13	Zigzag	Winding

Sentences

S.No.	Words	Sentences
1.	Beyond	The ship was buried, beyond retrieval, at the bottom of the sea.
2.	Bales	He sat on a bale of straw near the fire at night in camping.
3.	Conqueror	The Conqueror Ottoman Empire ruled the Turkey in 1700 A.D.
4.	Defended	The borders of Pakistan were successfully defended by the soldier during 1965 war.
5.	Delicious	My Mother makes delicious cakes of different flavours.
6.	Famous	KFC has become very famous in Karachi.
7.	Frontier post	An official place for crossing the border between two areas or countries
8.	Mighty	He struck him with a mighty blow across his shoulder.
9.	Mule trains	In history, the caravans used mule-train to carry their goods.
10.	Route	The route of Saif ul Malook Jheel is beautiful all the way.
11.	Spices	Spices give a delicious taste to cooked meal.
12.	Stretched	He stretched his arms to hold the pile of books.
13	Zigzag	She drove zigzag, when there was a rash on a road.

C. Complete these sentences from a word from the lesson:

1. There are many who have traveled through some part of it.
2. Khyber Pass has been famous in history.
3. It has also been a famous trade route.
4. These brave tribes men fought the mighty British Empire.
5. They are the defenders of the North-Westen frontier of Pakistan.
6. They ate some Tikkas and Chapli Kabab.
7. The road goes down winding through beautiful scenery.
8. It has to run through many tunnels in the mountains.
9. The students saw a track along which once travelled camel caravans and mule trains.
10. They were welcomed by the soldiers guarding the frontier.

D. Compound Words:

• Mountain Valley
• Frontier Post
• Trade Route

Exercise: Take one word from list ‘A’ and one word  from list ‘B’ and make suitable compounds words by joining them:

S.No.	A	B
1.	Pakistan	Flag
2.	Camel	Caravan
3.	Class	Fellows
4.	Check	Post
5.	Railway	Line
6.	Mule	Trains

E. Write down the meanings of following words 

S.No.	Words	Meanings
1.	Travel	Move, Make a journey
2.	Travelled	Past tense of travel
3.	Traveller	A person who is travelling or who often travels.
4.	Frontier	A line or border separating two countries
5.	Conquerors	A person who conquers a place or people, Winner
6.	Army	Military
7.	Armies	Plural of army
8.	Cotton	A soft fibrous substance obtained from plant and use in textile.
9.	Mirror	A glass which reflects a clear image
10.	Country	Kingdom, State
11.	Countries	Plural of country
12.	Stop	Cease, End, Finish
13.	Stopped	Past tense of stop
14.	Busy	Engage in work
15.	Excellent	Best, Superb
16.	Highest	High up

F. Composition:

Describe in ten sentences any historical place that you have visited recently

Ans. A visit to a historical Place (Click here to see the Answer)
G. Non-Textual Exercise:

1. Near to/ Not far from

Examples: 

1. The market is not far from here.

2. We came near to the shopping center, which was very crowded.

Exercise: Complete the following with "near to" or not far from".

1. The Khyber pass is not far from Peshawar.

2. The market is quite near to our house.

2. Round / Along / Through / Across

Examples:

1. Mr. Hassan received them and showed them round.

2. We have to travel through the Khyber Pass.

3. They saw a chain stretched across the road.

4. They thought of the brave soldiers riding along the Pass.

Exercise: Complete the following paragraph by inerting each of the four words  (round, along, through, across):

"As we went round the city we passed through crowded shops, went along narrow lanes and finally we walked across the park to our hotel."

H. Idiomatic structures explained:

• "Don’t go out alone in the Dark" means "Don’t be out of doors at night alone".
• "There is such a strong breeze, the candle may go out" means "There is such a strong breeze that the candle may be extinguished."
• "Clothes go out of Fashion too fast" means "Fashions of clothes last only for short periods of time."
• "You can see more the land when the tides goes out" means "When the water recedes more the sea-shore is visible."
• "The party went all out to win the elections" means "The party made strenuous efforts to win the election."
• "He goes out of his way to help" means "He makes extra ordinary efforts to help
• "I’m going off to my friend’s house" means "I am leaving for my friend’s house."
• "How did your interview go off?" means "How did you fail in your interview?"
• "England has gone off the gold standard" means "England’s currency is no longer solidly backed by gold."
• "I hope the bomb squad reaches before the bomb explodes" means "I hope the bomb squad reaches before the bomb goes off."