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PAKISTAN - A WELFARE STATE
Descriptive Question Answers
Q.1: What is meant by a welfare state?Ans: WELFARE STATE:
Welfare means betterment. "A State that cares for the basic needs of its citizens and enables them to live a peaceful life. OR When a state works wholeheartedly for the betterment of a welfare of a state and the citizens of that state, it is called a welfare state."
In a welfare state, it is the state's duty to provide all basic facilities, justice and basic rights to all the inhabitants of the state. So, we can say that a welfare state is one where there should be no poverty, hunger and unemployment. Equal opportunities are provided to all the citizen in a welfare state by the government.
ISLAMIC CONCEPT OF A WELFARE STATE:
Islam is a conceptual way of life. So, it gives a clear concept of welfare state. Our Holy Prophet (S.A.W) was the first to introduce the welfare concept and practice, not only this, he also founded the first welfare state of the world at Medina. A welfare state in Islamic service is based on the principles of equality, justice, brotherhood and betterment of people. In the Islamic concept of a welfare state, it is the primary duty of an Islamic government that no one, living under its limits, should remain hungry, unemployed or poor. Basic necessities should be provided to all the people by the government.
MAIN OBJECTIVES OF A WELFARE STATE:
Following are the main objectives of a welfare state:
Importance of Resources in National Development:
The resources of a country have great importance for that country. Following are the main features of the resources for national development.
1. Role of Natural Resources in the National Development:
Natural resources play great role in the national development. They are the real wealth of a country. All the developed and prosperous states of the world achieved development by utilizing their natural resources. Natural resources must be used with sound planning for the good of the country.
2. Public Education:
Education has great importance for any country but, unluckily; the-majority of the population is illiterate. If we want to turn Pakistan into a welfare state, literacy rate must be increased.
3. Provision of Justice:
Justice is the main pillar of any society specially, an Islamic society, Justice must be provided to all the people of the country, to make Pakistan a welfare state.
4. Equal Opportunities for All:
We know that many people are jobless in Pakistan. So, equal opportunities should be provided to all the people to make Pakistan a welfare state.
5. Provision of Utilization of Resources of Country:
To make Pakistan a welfare state, it is the duty of the government to utilize all the resources of the country for the good of the country.
6. Unity among the People:
No progress will be fruitful without unity among the people. More work is needed in Pakistan for national unity.
7. Relations with Islamic Countries and Efforts for International Peace:
To complete some projects of Pakistan for the progress of the country, strong relations with Islamic countries must be improved. Government of Pakistan must take efforts for international peace.
CONCLUSION:
The main objective of the creation of Pakistan was to establish Islamic welfare state in the country. Still this target has not been achieved. The Government of Pakistan is working very hard to make Pakistan a welfare state. People of Pakistan must co-operate with the government to achieve this goal. We must take guidance from the Holy Quran and Sunah to achieve this target.
Q.2: Describe the duties of a welfare state.
Ans: INTRODUCTION:-
Welfare state means that state, which works only for the development and betterment of the people. It works against poverty, illiteracy, misery and injustice.
It is the prime duty of a welfare state to provide all basic needs to its citizens. The basic aim of a welfare state is the welfare of its citizen by utilizing all the resources of the country.
DUTIES OF A WELFARE STATE:
Following are the main duties of a welfare state:
1. Self-Sufficiency in Food:
In order to make Pakistan a welfare state, self-sufficiency in food is necessary. Provision of food facilities is the first duty of government in a welfare state. The Government of Pakistan must take some steps to make the country self-sufficient in food.
2: Public Education:
Education has great importance for any country but unluckily, the majority of the population is illiterate. If we want to convert Pakistan into a Welfare state, literacy rate must be increased.
3. Provision of Justice:
Justice is the main pillar of any society specially, an Islamic society. Justice of all types must be provided to all the people of Pakistan to make Pakistan a welfare state. Without provision of justice to all classes of society, there is no concept of a welfare state.
4. Equal Opportunities for All:
We know that many people are jobless in Pakistan, so equal opportunities should he provided to all the people to make Pakistan a welfare state. In Pakistan, mostly people belong to poor class. Without providing them with equal opportunities, we can not convert our country into a welfare state.
5. Utilization of Resources of Country:
To make Pakistan a welfare state, it is the duty of the government to utilize all resources of the country for the good of the country. More and more industries must be established in the country for a better economy by utilization of minerals and other resources. Agricultural output must be increased to increase the national income.
6. Unity among the People:
No progress will be fruitful without unity among the people. More work is needed in Pakistan for national unity. Pakistan is a multi-nation country. That is why there is a great need of unity among all the nations living in Pakistan for the development of the country.
7. Relations with Islamic Countries and Efforts for International Peace:
To complete some projects of Pakistan for the progress of the country, relations with Islamic countries are necessary and vital. So, the government must establish stronger relations with Islamic countries. The Government of Pakistan must make some efforts for international peace.
CONCLUSION:
Welfare state is that state, which provides all basic needs of life to its Citizens. Self-sufficiency in food, public education, provision of justice, opportunities for all and relations with Muslim countries are the main duties of a welfare state.
Pakistan is not a welfare state, but the government of Pakistan is trying its level best to convert Pakistan into one. All the governments of past tried their level best to convert Pakistan into a welfare state. More sincere efforts are needed to attain this goal.
Q.3: What is the concept of an Islamic Welfare State?
Ans: INTRODUCTION:
Welfare means Betterment. When a state works wholeheartedly for the betterment its citizens, it is called a welfare state. In a welfare state it is the state's duty to provide all basic facilities, justice and basic rights to all the people of the state.
ISLAMIC CONCEPT OF A WELFARE STATE:
Islam is a complete way of life. So, it gives a clear concept of a welfare state. Our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H), for the first time, introduced the concept of welfare state. Not only this, he also founded the first welfare state of the world at Medina. A Welfare state in Islamic sense is based on principles of equality, justice, brotherhood and betterment of the people. In an Islamic concept of a welfare state, it is the primary duty of an Islamic government that no one living under its limits should remain hungry, unemployed or poor. Basic necessities should be provided to all the people by the government.
MAIN OBJECTIVES OF ISLAMIC WELFARE:
1. Sovereignty of State Belongs to Allah:
Sovereignty in Islam, belongs to Almighty Allah. The state protects the life, property and honour of its individuals. Justice is for all, without any discrimination. All are equal before law. The superiority among the individuals is based on Taqwa (fear of Allah).
2. Laws According to Holy Quran and Sunnah:
In an Islamic welfare state, all the laws are always according to the Holy Quran and Sunnah because the government takes full guidance only from the Holy Quran and Sunnah.
3. A Trustworthy Government:
It is necessary for the one, who has the affairs of the Islamic Welfare State in his hand, to adhere to the basic tenets of Islam. He should be a God-fearing Muslim and act as a trustee only.
4. Head of an Islamic States Works as Servant of the People:
The head of an Islamic Welfare state is the servant of the people. He always thinks about the welfare of its people. He lives a simple life like an ordinary man.
5. The Concept of Accountability:
The Islamic Welfare State is always accountable to its people. The ruler is not beyond question or criticism. Such a state develops a prosperous society, free of exploitation. It provides equal opportunities of progress to all the individuals. lt provides all basic facilities to the individualS, including the non-Muslims.
6. Society Based on Musawat-e-Muhammadi:
In a nutshell, the concept of an Islamic Welfare State is that it maintains "Musawat" i.e., (Equality at all levels). In Pakistan, society has been divided into many classes specially, the poor are living a miserable life. To solve all problems of the poor, our society should be based on Musawat-e-Muhammadi.
7. A Crime-Free Society:
A crime free society is another objective of an Islamic welfare state. When punishments will be given to the criminals according to Holy Quran and Sunnah, society will be changed in to a crime-free society.
CONCLUSION:
The Islamic concept of a welfare state is entirely different from the Western concept of welfare state. In an Islamic welfare state, it is the very first duty of the ruler to provide all basic necessities of life to all the people and the ruler works according to the teachings of the Holy Quran and Sunnah. In an Islamic concept of a welfare state, the Islamic ruler works as a servant of the people and he utilizes all resources of the country only for the betterment of the people. There is a concept of equality in this system.
Q.4: State the important national goals of Pakistan and review them in detail.
Ans: INTRODUCTION:
We got Pakistan after a hard struggle, and Pakistan is the only country in the world which came under the ideology of Islam. Islam is a complete code of life and the best system to lead a life. Quaid-e-Azam and Muslim leaders attained Pakistan after great struggle and sacrifices. The ideology behind the creation of Pakistan was to form an Islamic society and a welfare state. To achieve this target, Pakistan has some aims and objectives. All the governments of the past tried their level best to achieve their goals. Still the government is sincerely doing its best to reach this target.
IMPORTANT NATIONAL GOALS OF PAKISTAN:
Following are the main goals of Pakistan.
1. Protection of the Ideology of Pakistan:
Pakistan is the only country in world which came into being under the ideology of Islam. It was demanded to introduce the Islamic teachings and Islamic way of life. So, to maintain our separate identity and to convert Pakistan into a welfare state, we must protect and save the ideology of Pakistan.
2. Strong Defence:
To protect our national identity and our sovereignty, it is the most important joint responsibility of both the government and the people to defend our country. So the government of Pakistan is trying its level best to build a strong defence of the country.
3. Formation of an Islamic Society:
The very first objective of the creation of Pakistan is the formation of a society, based on Islamic teachings. In Pakistan, this target has not yet been achieved. For this, the government is trying to implement Islamic teachings and laws to establish an Islamic society in Pakistan. Islamic Ideological Council is a good example of that effort.
4. Welfare State:
To make Pakistan a welfare state is an important goal of the government. So, the Government of Pakistan is working very hard to convert Pakistan into a welfare state. People must co-operate with the government for achieving this goal.
5. Struggle Against Corruption:
It is the worst problem of Pakistan. In almost all the departments of Pakistan, corruption is rampant. So, Jihad is needed against this evil. The Government is taking many positive steps to erase this evil from the society to have a strong Pakistan.
6. Struggle Against Illiteracy:
Illiteracy is the base of many problems in Pakistan. More than 55% of the total population living in Pakistan is illiterate. So, the government of Pakistan has established many schools and colleges to spread education in Pakistan as it is the first sign of development.
7. Work for Industrial and Agricultural Progress:
To make Pakistan a welfare state, the government of Pakistan is trying very hard to have industrial and agricultural progress. Our farmers and experts should know the modern technology and use new machines to increase agricultural and industrial production for the betterment of the country.
8. Work for Sound Economy:
To convert Pakistan into a welfare state, economic development is very important. For this, the government is trying to boost our exports to get more foreign exchange, by setting more and more industries for strong economy.
9. Work for Rural Development:
More than 67.5% of population of the Pakistan is living in rural areas. Most of them are jobless. The Government is introducing many reforms to uplift the poor class and is trying to mobilize them by providing jobs and education for the progress of the country.
10. Work to Decrease the High Birth Rate of Population in Pakistan:
As Pakistan is a country of limited resources, we cannot manage the high growth rate of population. So, the government of Pakistan is trying to educate the people by introducing many schemes to decrease the high growth rate of population for the good of the country.
11. Participation of Women in All Fields:
As women are one half part of the population, their participation in all fields is equally important. For this purpose, the government has fixed 5% jobs for women in all the departments. In this way, women can also take part in the progress of the country.
12. National Unity:
To make Pakistan a welfare state in the real sense, there must be unity among the people. So, the government is doing much to promote Islam and Urdu language in Pakistan which are the great sources of unity among the people. For the progress and development of the country, national unity must be strengthened.
13. Formation of Friendly Relations with All Islamic and Important Countries of the World:
As an Islamic country, the government is trying to form brotherly and friendly relation with all Muslim countries of the world to promote "Islamic unity". Along with this, the government is also strengthening the relations with all the other countries of the world, to maintain peace and to promote universal brotherhood in the world.
CONCLUSION:
Muslims of south Asia attained Pakistan after great struggle to practice Islam. If we want Pakistan to be strong, we must achieve the objective of the formation of an Islamic society. The Government of Pakistan is working sincerely to achieve all the main objectives, which are set by the government. It is also the duty of the citizens of Pakistan to help the government to achieve these targets and goals.
Q.5: Why is self-sufficiency in food necessary?
Ans: INTRODUCTION:
In whole world, food is the basic need of the people. Due to the lack of food, health of the people is affected.
Pakistan is an agricultural country, but our agricultural output is very low due to lack of resources of the country, so self-sufficiency in food is necessary.
NECESSITY OF SELF-SUFFICIENCY IN FOOD:
Self-sufficiency in food has great importance for any country, due to the following reasons.
1. Saves Foreign Exchange:
Through self-sufficiency in food, less food items are imported. So, foreign exchange is saved which is important for development projects.
2. Establishment of More Industries:
By self-sufficiency of food, with the agricultural products, more industries are established and more foreign exchange is earned.
3. Decreases Foreign Loans:
When foreign exchange is earned through agricultural products, loans of the country are paid. In this way, foreign loans decrease.
4. Increase People's Purchasing Power:
When agricultural output of the country increases, people's purchasing power also increases. Nowadays, there is great dearness in our country and items of daily use are out of the reach of the people. Self-sufficiency in food will increase people's purchasing power.
5. Flourish Trade and Business:
When agricultural output increases, country gets progress and then, trade and business also flourish. When trade and business flourish, trade activities are increased, due to which people get more and more jobs.
6. Reduces Unemployment:
Self-sufficiency in food brings prosperity in the country and new industries are established in which people get jobs and unemployment is reduced.
7. Living Standard of the People Increases:
When self-sufficiency in food is achieved, country gets progress and standard of living increases. When country gets progress, more industries are setup,in which people get jobs. They earn more and their living standard is increased.
CONCLUSION:
Pakistan is an agricultural country but its agricultural output is very low More steps are needed for better agricultural output to get self-sufficiency in food.
Self-sufficiency in food leads to development and progress of a country. Progress of industries, trade and business is also due to self-sufficiency in food.
Q.6: Why is peace in the world necessary?
Ans: INTRODUCTION:
Today, our world is like a global village, because science and technology have reduced the distance. After the lst and 2nd World Wars, many peace efforts were made in the world for international peace. Now, due to quick means of communications, nations of the world have come closer.
Today, there is a great need of world peace because many countries of the world have limited resources and they need the help of different countries for their progress.
NECESSITY OF UNIVERSAL BROTHERHOOD AND PEACE:
Today, there is great need of co-operation and brotherhood among the countries of the world, due to the following reasons.
1. To Create Goodwill:
International brotherhood is needed to create goodwill among the countries of the world. Many countries of the world are rich and resourceful, they can help the poor and underdeveloped countries for their progress.
2. To Solve Common Problems of the World:
Illiteracy, hunger, poverty, and pollution are the common problems of the world. Co-operation of all countries is needed for the solution of these problems. It is the duty of the developed and resourceful countries to help the poor countries to overcome the above mentioned problems.
3. To Stop the Nuclear Weapons:
Nuclear weapons are very harmful for whole world. Joint efforts of the countries of the world are needed to solve this great problem.
4. Expansion of Modern Technology:
Modern technology is the need and right of every country. International brotherhood can help in the expansion of modern technology. Today, it is the right of every country to get nuclear technology for its energy problems, advanced countries must help the underdeveloped countries for nuclear capability.
5. To Solve Main Issues of the World:
Today, many issues of the world are unsolved. More peace efforts and co-operation is needed for international peace. Countries of the world should help the U.N.O. to solve the main issues of the world like Middle East problem, Kashmir issue, Iraq issue and Afghanistan issue.
6. Co-operation among the Islamic Countries:
All the Islamic countries are part of the Muslim Umma. There should be great co-operation among all Islamic countries to reduce the problems of the world. Islamic world is rich in natural resources. Their resources must be used for the good of the Muslim world.
CONCLUSION:
Pakistan is a peace-loving country. It has always maintained good relations with All the countries of the world and made many efforts to bring closer the countries of the world for international brotherhood. Today, to solve the main problems like illiteracy, hunger, poverty and diseases world co-operation is necessary.
Q.7: Explain the character of an individual in a welfare state.
Ans: INTRODUCTION:
As far as the welfare-state is-concerned, it is the duty of the government to provide all basic needs to all the people living in that state. But no government can run the affairs of that state without the co-operation of the citizens of the state. It means the role of an individual in a welfare state has great importance. Without the co-operation of the people, no state can become a welfare state. Along with the rights, there are many duties of an individual which are very important.
ROLE OF AN INDIVIDUAL IN A WELFARE STATE:
The rights and duties of an individual in a welfare state run side by side. The main duties of an individual in a welfare state are as under:
1. Loyalty and Faithfulness:
It is the duty of every individual to be loyal and faithful to his country. We should be prepared to offer any kind of sacrifice for the sake of our country and nation.
2. Safeguard Of the Rights Of Fellow Men:
All the people, who are living in the country, have their rights and interests. So, it is the duty of every citizen to respect the rights of his fellow men and should also safeguard the life, honour and property of other citizens.
3. Proper Use of Public Facilities:
In a welfare state, it is the duty of every individual to make proper use of the public facilities, provided by the government, without any wastage.
4. Participation in the Welfare Work:
It is the duty of every individual, living in a welfare state, to take part in all types of welfare activities and also pursue others to join him for the good of the citizens and for the country.
5. Performance of Legal and Moral Duties:
It is also the moral duty of every citizen, living in a welfare state, to respect and obey the laws of the country. We should also fulfill our moral responsibilities. If we will perform all our legal and moral duties in a nice and efficient manner, no doubt the country will get progress.
6. Payment of Taxes and Utility Bills:
It is our duty to pay the various taxes and all types of utility bills honesty, timely, fully and promptly so that we may enjoy all social benefits, facilities and luxuries, provided by the government to make the state an ideal welfare state.
7. Progress in the Field of Science and Technology:
Progress in the field of science and technology leads to progress of the country. So, it is the duty of every individual to take scientific education and learn some skill. So, whenever the government needs them, they are available for the betterment and development of the country.
CONCLUSION:
We achieved Pakistan with the promise that Pakistan will be an Islamic welfare state. So, it is our first duty to make Pakistan a welfare state. It is not only the government's duty to convert Pakistan into a welfare state. All the people must co-operate with the government to reach this goal. Everyone must realize his duties and responsibilities as a citizen of Pakistan. If all the people co-operate with the government, soon Pakistan will be a welfare state.
Q.8: What steps have been taken by the government for universal education?
Ans: INTRODUCTION:
Education is the basic right of every individual Our religion, Islam accepts this basic right of man. That is why education is compulsory for every man and woman. The U.N.O. has also recognized it as the basic and fundamental right of man. So, it is the duty of every government to provide education to all individuals, for receiving higher education. In Pakistan, efforts are in progress for attaining this target.
STEPS TAKEN BY THE GOVERNMENT FOR UNIVERSAL EDUCATION:
1. Reforms in Education:
Reforms in education known as Education Sector Reforms (ESR) have been introduced. The purpose f these reforms are to introduce a system which fulfils the need and obligation of independent ideological state of Pakistan. The new system will ensure access to every citizen to receive education.
2. Pakistan Studies and Islamiat as Compulsory Subjects:
The study of Islamiat and Pakistan Studies is compulsory to make the children enlightened and better individuals by understanding the real spirit of Islam and the importance of Pakistan.
3. Discouragement of Tendency of Business in Education:
Steps are being taken to discourage the tendency of business in education. A plan is underway to provide free education upto class X in a phased manner.
4. Better Service Conditions of the Teachers:
The service structure and service conditions of the teachers are being made better, enabling them to work with interest and devotion.
5. Scholarships for Students:
A programme of award of scholarships to the meritorious and poor students has been started by Pakistan Bait-ul-Mal. More scholarship schemes should be started for the higher studies also, even in the foreign countries.
6. Awareness Campaign through Radio and Television:
Awareness campaign has been started on Radio and Television to create interest among the people to educate their children especially in the girls.
7. Education for All Programme:
A programme namely, "Education for All" (EFA) has been started throughout Pakistan. Under this scheme, Non-formal basic education classes at institutions have been opened in the rural areas. Books and educational material are provided in these institutions. The number of these institutions, at present, is around ten thousand (10,000 which will gradually rise to about eighty thousand (80,000).
8. Scheme of Public Private Partnership:
A scheme of public-private partnership has been started. Under the scheme, Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) and Community Based Organizations (CHOs) will establish institutions in the rural areas to help the government promote education and literacy.
9. Education Foundation:
Education Foundations have been set up in all the provinces and at the Federal level to provide financial help to the private educational institutions. It is one of the great steps of the government of Pakistan to spread education in Pakistan.
CONCLUSION:
In the whole world, education is recognized as the basic and fundamental right of an individual.
Islam and U.N.0., the both have recognized this right of man. Keeping this in mind, the government of Pakistan has taken many steps for the provision and promotion of education. Literacy rate in Pakistan will be increased after these steps.
Q.9: Write a note on egalitarian society.
Ans: INTRODUCTION:
Pakistan is an Islamic country, and Islam gives the concept of Justice. Without justice, there is no concept of Islamic society. Social and legal, both types of justice is the foundation of Islamic society.
Egalitarian society is a known term used for that society which is based on social justice and provides all basic rights of the people for the progress of the country.
STEPS FOR THE FORMATION OF EGALITARIAN SOCIETY:
In Pakistan, the government wants to convert our society into an egalitarian society. Following steps are necessary for the formation of such society.
1. Protection of Life and Property of the People:
It is the first duty of every government to protect the life and property of the people. It is very harmful for any society that people feel insecurity in it.
2. Preservation of Honour of the People:
Honour and dignity of die people must be preserved. All rights of the people must be given to them, according to their abilities.
3. Provision of Civic Facilities:
The government must provide all civic facilities to the people.
4. Provision of Education and Health Facilities:
Education and health, both are very important for a welfare society. Government must provide education and health facilities to its citizens.
5. National Unity:
National unity is the basic need of an egalitarian society. The government must take steps for the promotion of national unity.
6. Provision of Recreation Facilities:
Recreation facilities are the basic need of man. The governinent must provide recreation facilities to the people for a healthy atmosphere.
CONCLUSION:
Islam has given the concept of a society based on social justice. Without social justice, there is no concept of an egalitarian society.
The government of Pakistan should take steps for the provision of basic needs, justice, education and health facilities to the people for the formation of an egalitarian society in Pakistan.
Q.10: Why are sustained constructive efforts necessary for Pakistan?
Ans: INTRODUCTION:
The main objective of every state is the progress and prosperity of the people of that state. The nation, which has the will to progress, continues its efforts by using all available resources of the country. So, there is need of sustained constructive efforts for the progress of the country.
NEED FOR SUSTAINED CONSTRUCTIVE EFFORTS:
To make Pakistan a welfare state, following efforts are necessary.
1. Awareness about National Goals:
Only those nations get progress whose people are aware of their national goals. These goals are always pre-fixed and help in determining the national priorities for speedy development. This can be achieved by careful planning and proper implementation. This process continues for ever. Also, constant struggle and strong will is necessary to achieve the goals.
2. Dignity of Labour:
It means that the people should be made conscious of the value and dignity of labour. The younger generation should be taught that progress and development, without devotion and hard labour, would merely be a dream. Quaid-e-Azam had advised the youth to feel dignity in work and make it their aim in life. The sense of dignity of labour should generate and start from home.
3. Scientific and Technical Knowledge:
Progress cannot be achieved through general education alone. National resources can be properly utilized through advancement in scientific and technical knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to accelerate the pace of national construction with the help of technical education and training.
4. Guidance and Encouragement:
Since the independence of Pakistan in 1947, different sectors of our economy have shown a lot of progress. Agriculture and industry have progressed. A number of mega projects have been completed and some are in the process of completion. However, these guide and encourage the people of Pakistan to undertake progressive methods of production. But the need is to continue our struggle for more development and make Pakistan a welfare state.
5. Welfare Programmes:
As a part of constructive effort for sustained development, some welfare programmes for the disabled and needy people have been started within the country such as,
- Establishment of industrial homes for females.
- Establishment of health centers.
- Educational institutions for the deaf and dumb.
- Training centers for physically handicapped persons.
- Recreational spots for general public.
- Establishment of anti-begging centers.
CONCLUSION:
No country can be converted into a welfare state without continuous efforts of the government and co-operation of the people of that state.
It is the main objective of government of Pakistan to make Pakistan an Islamic welfare state. For this purpose, awareness must be created among the people about national objectives and welfare programmes must be started. Attention should be paid towards education also.
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