DEMOCRATIC CITIZENSHIP - Quaid On 11th August, 1947 - English (Compulsory) For Class XI - Text Book Exercise (Unit 1.1)

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Unit-1:DEMOCRATIC CITIZENSHIP
Unit 1.1: Reading Comprehension
Quaid On 11^th August, 1947
Text Book Exercise

Pre-Reading
1. What do you know about the Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah?
Ans: Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah(25^th December 1876 - 11^th September 1948) was the founder Of Pakistan. He is revered as the father of nation. he was the top barrister of Bombay. He also sought the political union of Hindus and Muslims, which earned him the title of "the best ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity." He became the first governor General of Pakistan. As a mark of respect, he was titled as Quaid-e-Azam by Pakistani people. Quaid-e-Azam is a urdu language phrase which means "The great leader".

OR

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was a man par excellence. He was a man of many virtues. As a significant pillar of Indian National Congress, he won the title of the Messenger of Hindu Muslim Unity. Later, he found the prejudiced attitude of congress leaders, he took upon himself the task of separate Muslim state. As the president of the All India Muslim League, he used his level best to avoid bloodshed for the achievement of his goal. Formation of Pakistan was a great victory for Jinnah but he was in deep sorrow for the brutal killings of innocent people. People were warm-hearted and enjoying the victory they achieved in the shape of Pakistan. He tried his level best to control people's emotions. After partition, he emphasized upon the need of peaceful co-existence between the two neighbouring states till the last breath of his life. He exerted himself as a true statesman for the people of all creeds colours and religions in the political scenario of the sub-continent. He was a true statesman, who thought for humanity at large. His far-sighted principle were not materialized by his successors, so Pakistan faced unpredictable upheavals.

2. What was his main contribution?
Ans: His main contribution was the creation of a new independent state called Pakistan for the Muslim community of sub-continent.

OR

Quaid-e-Azam believed in non-violent politics. He fought against extremism. When he found that the politicians of rival camp were determined to put the Muslim nation to subjection, he supported the separation movement. His major objective was to keep the two rival nations in separate states. His aim was to see the subcontinent a peaceful and stable region with the struggle of progress. It was apprehended that two rival camps in the undivided sub-continent might threaten the whole of the continent of Asia. A separate Muslim state was the answer to all socio-political and religious confrontations of this region. The Quaid fought for separation not on the basis of hatred but for peaceful co-existence.

3. What was his vision for Pakistan?
Ans: The Quaid's speech on 11^th August, 1947 to the constituent Assembly, brings to light his clear vision for Pakistan. He emphasized to make Pakistan a welfare state in letter and spirit. To allow religious freedom to all, the state should safeguard all the people without any discrimination. Putting Pakistan on the track of progress and disallow corruption, bribery and nepotism in all walks of life. To stabilize constituent assembly, legislature and judiciary, rule of law and justice must be assured. The people indulging in black marketing, should be taken to task Pakistan could be declared as crime free state.

4. Share some famous quotes of the Quaid-e-Azam.
Ans: Some famous quotes of the Quaid-e-Azam are given below:

• "I do not believe in taking the right decision, I take a decision and make it right."
• "There are two powers in the world; one is the sword and the other is the pen."
• "Think a hundred times before you take a decision, but once the decision is taken, stand by it as one man."
• "With faith, discipline and selfless devotion to duty, there is nothing worthwhile that you cannot achieve."
• "No struggle can ever succeed without women participating side by side with men."
• "Expect the best, Prepare for the worst."
• "Failure is a word unknown to me."

While-Reading
EXERCISE 1:
Work in pairs and deduce contextually the meaning of following words. After completing, share your work with your partner.

S.NO.	Words	Meanings
1.	Unprecedented	Remarkable/ No earlier precedent/ Never existed in the past/ Unmatched/ Never known or done before
2.	Sovereign	Autonomous/ Free/ Superior authority/ Powerful/ A supreme ruler/ Supreme/ Absolute
3.	Monster	A huge and frightening / Beast / Extremely wicked / Evil / horrible / A large, ugly, and frightening imaginary creature
4.	Starvation	Hunger/ The state of being hungry/ Suffering due to lack of food/ Famine
5.	Colossal	Enormous/ Huge/ Extremely large or great/ Gigantic
6.	Nepotism	Favouritism/ To give job / Advantages to you/ Favouring relatives or friends
7.	Onerous	Difficult or trouble/ Hard/ Heavy responsibility/ Difficult job/ A task or responsibility / Great deal of effort
8.	Titanic	Massive/ Enormous/ Very big/ Gigantic/ Exceptional strength, size, or power
9.	Gravest	Mature/ Very serious/ Solemn/ Important
10.	Relentlessly	Brutally/ In a harsh way/ Mercilessly/ Intense

EXERCISE 2:
Work in pairs, read the following phrases and idioms which have been taken from the text. Match the phrases and idioms in Column A with corresponding meanings in Column B and write answers in Column C.

NO.	Column A	NO.	Column B	Column C
1.	Put down	A.	grant of something for	E
2.	Bring about	B.	be certain to	D
3.	Go through	C.	to end fight to make peace	J
4.	Conferred upon	D.	to cause something to happen	A
5.	Bound to	E.	stop holding something	B
6.	With an iron hand	F.	to deal or face great problem	H
7.	To tackle the monster	G.	have an effect of something	F
8.	Bring to bear	H.	with full force	G
9.	To bury the hatchet	I.	encourage to do an expected task	C
10.	To lead someone to	J.	read or examine thoroughly	I

Matched Answers:

1. Put down: Stop holding something. (E)
2. Bring about: To cause something to happen. (D)
3. Go through: Read or examine thoroughly. (J)
4. Conferred upon: Grant of something for. (A)
5. Bound to: Be certain to. (B)
6. With an iron hand: With full force. (H)
7. To tackle the monster: To deal or face great problem. (F)
8. Bring to bear: Have an effect of something. (G)
9. To bury the hatchet: To end fight to make peace. (C) 
10. To lead someone to: Encourage to do an expected task. (I)

EXERCISE 3:
Read the statements and encircle the correct option.
i. The Quaid-e-Azam was speaking to the Constituent Assembly at ____.
a) national level ✔
b) regional level
c) global level
d) provincial level

ii. The main function of the Constituent Assembly was to ____.
a) make country as example
b) honors assembly members
c) make constitution ✔
d) practice constitution

iii. According to the Quaid-e-Azam, 'cyclonic revolution' meant a wave of _____.
a) discrimination
b) revolt ✔
c) elections
d) legislation

iv. The main task of the Govt. according to the Quaid-e-Azam is to _______.
a) make constitution for provinces
b) stop black marketing
c) curb bribery
d) make law and order ✔

v. According to the Quaid-e-Azam, the poisonous thing is ____.
a) corruption ✔
b) black-marketing
c) nepotism
d) law and order situation

vi. The colossal crime monster as stated in the text is ____.
a) break the law
b) black marketing ✔
c) favoritism
d) bribery

vii. On 11 august 1947 Quaid-e Azam was speaking to ___.
a) already function assembly
b) first legislative body ✔
c) whole nation
d) members of the provincial body

viii. The first legislative body was bestowed with ____.
a) full powers ✔
b) limited powers
c) only make legislative powers
d) only powers to curb bribery

ix. The thing that was already prevailing in the continent after partition was ____.
a) bribery
b) foodstuff
c) nepotism ✔
d) starvation

x. The guided principles of the Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah are ____.
a) support & cooperation
b) justice & fair play ✔
c) prejudice & honors
d) angularities of majority & minority

Post-Reading
EXERCISE 4:
Read the text and answer the following questions.
Q.1: Why was the Quaid feeling honoured while addressing the First Constituent Assembly?
Ans. On 10th August 1947, the First Constituent Assembly was established in order to frame a constitution for Pakistan. The Quaid was made its first ever president. The newly born nation gave him the right to deliver the inaugural speech. Thus, he was feeling honoured while addressing the assembly. He was the originator and first governor general of Pakistan which added to his prestige.

Q.2: Which is the greatest curse according to the Quaid-i-Azam?
Ans: According to the Quaid-i-Azam, Pakistan had inherited several curse i.e. black marketing, nepotism, jobbery etc. To him, one of the greatest curses was bribery and corruption. He believe that all social evils must be curbed an atmosphere of honesty and accountability be set.

OR

Ans: According to the Quaid-e-Azam, all the criminal acts can threaten any state integrity but bribery and corruption are heinous (wicked) crimes. Pakistan has to set target to wage war against these evils. If a state successfully eliminates corruption and bribery, it can prosper in all walks of life. Black marketing is also another offence which needs to be seriously suppressed. The steps are desired to ensure a crime-free state that can lead to rapid development.

Q.3: What was the Quaid's vision about religious freedom?
Ans: The Quaid's vision about the religious freedom was: "No power can hold another nation in subjection. Therefore, we must learn a lesson from this. You are free, you are free to go to your temples, you are free to go to your mosques or to any other places of worship in this state of Pakistan. You may belong to any religion or caste or creed that has nothing to do with the business of the state. We are starting in the days when there is no discrimination, no distinction between one community and another, no discrimination between one caste or creed and another. We are starting with this fundamental principle that we are all citizens and equal citizens of one state."

Q.4: According to the Quaid-i-Azam, what lesson should we learn?
Ans: According to the Quaid-i-Azam, we should learn the lesson of equality. There should not be suppression of one community by another. Discrimination on the basis of religion, caste, creed or community must be discourage. All citizens should try to give priority to the state rather than religion or creed. The state should nurtures the atmosphere of brotherhood and kindness. People have to think in terms of welfare for all.

OR

Ans: Keeping in view the global scenario, we have to learn the lesson that no power can put any nation in subjection. Man is born free should be left free without any discrimination. In Pakistan, all the people are free to practise their religion according to their own choice. None has a right to impose his or her will over others in their worshiping or place of worship. Discrimination on the basis of religious communities, is not only unethical but illegal. The views of Quaid-e-Azam can the nation to the track of prosperity.

Q.5: How far the key ideas of the Quaid's speech are applicable to the present scenario?
Ans: The key ideas of the Quaid's speech are:
Unification of all the residents of the state.

• Caste, creed and communities should be merged into one nation. All residents should think for the general welfare of the state but not for their particular religions.
• The curses of bribery, corruption, jobbery, nepotism and black marketing should be rooted out. 
• All the above key ideas are applicable in the present scenario of Pakistan. Our state needs to adopt the ideas for the general well-being of our country.

Q.6: How we make Pakistan prosperous in the light of the Quaid's vision?
Ans: We can make Pakistan flourishing and prosperous by forgetting the past and working for the well-being of the poor and needy people of the country. We should cooperate with one another. We should not help one another on the basis of religion or caste but on the basis of being equal citizens of the country. People have to extend their cooperation in all constructive projects. It is believed that the sentiment of humanitarianism minimizes so many ills of society.

Q.7: "I shall always be guided by the principles of justice and fair play without any political language, prejudice and Ill-will." Elaborate these words.
Ans: Here, the Quaid wanted to say that he would follow the principles of justice and fair play while dealing with the citizens of the country. He promised to keep personal enmities away while dealing with the people for the sake of a prosperous and peaceful Pakistan. He would never think ill of any community but try to treat everyone equally. In fact, prejudiced and biased approach kills the spirit of justice. The idea of welfare for all, peace with all and salvation for everyone be propagated.

EXERCISE 5:
The text of the Quaid's speech has some statements of facts and some of opinions. Work in pairs and read the following statements and write fact or opinion in the answer column. First one has been done as an example.

S.NO.	Words	Meanings
1.	The Quaid-e Azam was president of the first constituent Assembly	Fact
2.	Hope that with your support we will make this Constituent Assembly as an example.	Opinion
3.	The first duty of Government is to maintain law and order	Opinion
4.	All kinds of inhabitants are living in the sub-continent.	Fact
5.	Nepotism and jobbery are social evils.	Fact
6.	The mighty revolution that has taken place is unprecedented.	Opinion

EXERCISE 6:
Do you think some of the ideas in this historic speech are not included? Work individually and search out the missed points of above speech. Using various sources and share these with the class.
Ans: It is generally commented that Islamic Ideology is missing. Philosophy of new Muslim state is lacking and no word about the future of Kashmiris and other Muslims states is included. Overall focus is on secularism. According to my view point, all the apparently missing things are present there if one can read between lines. The Quaid's focus on religious freedom and nondiscrimination on the basis of religion bear testimony to the firm belief in Islam.
These principles of Islam should not be placed in the account of secularism. The speech of Jinnah was a preamble to the constitution of Pakistan.

OR

ANS: I think the following ideas are missing:
Future plans about Kashmiris are missed.
Discussion of the India plan was not included.
Discussion of population and inflation also not included.