Technological Revolution - English (Compulsory) For Class XI - Summary & Salient Points.

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Unit-04: TECHNOLOGY SMART & TECH SAVVY
Unit 4.1: Reading Comprehension
Technological Revolution

Source: Adapted from "Digital Quality of Life" Understanding the Personal & Social Benefits of the Information Technology Revolution Robert D. Atkinson & Daniel D. Castro.

• Summary By Practical Center
• Summary By Sir M. B. Jamali
• Summary From Faisal Model papers
• Salient Points

SUMMARY

By Practical Center
History witnesses a series of revolution that brought minor or great changes. But technological revolution has changed the entire phenomenon of the globe. It focuses on two factors; economic growth and improved quality of life. In the mid of the twentieth century, the world saw innumerable inventions. Though quite magnificient, their progress remained slow because these relied on analogue system. When this network was placed by digital system people saw the speedy and eye-dazzling progress.

Through evolutionary process. Technological Revolution dealt in almost all walks of life. From education to medical and from business to industries, transport, communication, awareness, information and many significant things have been covered. Many advances in the technology depend on hardware innovations made possible by continued progress in material technology. It assisted in confronting natural disasters by issuing forecasts. New areas of learning, knowled and entertainment have been sought. People get information through telemedicine for having knowhow of medical conditions. Flexible online class give people access to education without leaving their home. E-commerce has not only added to education but boosted up the economy of the users. During epidemics and pandemics, technology proved to be an excellent support saving human life.

Concerning disaster predictions, demolition and damages to human life brought about by storms floods earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes and landslides. Use of satellite images and aerial photographs help in assessment of situation. Desired steps can prove to be effective. More or less, in every walk of life. Technologies have brought comfort to the doorsteps of humanity.

Major cause of delay in progress:
During and after the 2^nd world war, various innovations came to the forefront. These brought comfort to humanity. But the speed of progress remained slow. With the introduction of digital system the development got speedy. Blessings of science enlightened all the walks of life which lessened the troubles of people.

Technology that accelerated the pace of progress:
From the last phase of twentieth century, there remained storming attack of technologies that brought astonishing development in the globe. The technological revolution touched all walks of living. Trade centres, industries, education, banking, medical, communication and transport; all these witnessed eye-dazzling progress with the application of digital system. The author calls material technology.

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SUMMARY

By Sir M. B. Jamali
The modern technology has changed the life and living of the billions of people in the world. It has changed the every aspect of life, Technology evolution has immensely improved the quality of life and developed the growth of economy of the entire world. The most important impacts of technology can be briefly studied in some of the following fields:

1. Natural disasters
2. Technology in health and education
3. Technology and Entertainment
4. Technology and public safety
5. Technology during endemic and pandemics

1. Natural Disaster:
The phenomena of Natural calamities and disaster such as storms, hurricanes, wild fires, tsunamis, landslide can not only be predicted, monitored through Satellite, wireless technology but also helps us to understand the mechanism of natural hazards of atmosphrically, geological,hydrological changes and their transformation into disasters.

2. Technology In Health And Education:
Web Portals, Internet provides enormous knowledge in every aspect of science, medicine and technology online to students, scientists, etc.

3. Technology To Entertainment:
It is the modem technology that any kind of acttvitv, event anywhere in the world at all time can be seen live by people at home. It provides high quality smart visuals, graphic apps systems and devices in the market.

4. Technology And Commerce:
Technology has made easy local / internationals trading on line to all industrial, agricultural products through e-commerce. Local trading of food and other items is becoming most popular.

5. Technology And Public Safety:
Similarly technology is introducing more and more energy resources which subside down the environments pollution such as solar energy, wind energy electrical vehicles etc.

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SUMMARY

From Faisal Model Papers (By Miss Rabia)
Technology is the primary driver of economic growth and increased quality of life in the new global economy.
New technology and innovations are allowing billions of people to live better and safer lives. Technology is a crucial facilitator of improved education, health care, more efficient environment, and safer and more secure communities and nations. Many technological developments rely on hardware innovations made possible by continuous advances in materials science.Technological advances have made it simpler and less expensive to produce, menupilate, organize, transmit, store, and act on information. Following World War II, several advancements emerged. Optimists welcomed a new era with their accomplishments.

Technology can be used for an effective emergency response to accidents and natural disasters. Disaster predictions and forecasting, surveillance, risk assessment, and damage are open areas of technology integration.

For adults and the youngest students and preschoolers, toddler technology is interactive and engaging. The benefits and possibilities of these technologies are immense and critical in improving our lives.

Technology has improved the safety of various products. New renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power, make cars more energy-efficient. Telepresence is an option that can work in extreme situations.

Technology makes a wide variety of information available to people like online courses, and telemedicine that help people better understand their medical conditions. Parents can track their children's schoolwork and academy progress online. Companies are using technology to save staff development costs. Games are intended to serve as learning tools. Technology is helping to improve healthcare.

Today, due to the latest technology people have more choices so that they can acquire the kind of products and services that suit their needs. Telework, telemarketing and e-commerce have allowed people to move across borders. Now it is possible to purchase a wide range of goods and services that may have been difficult to find in local stores in the past.

Although technology cannot prevent pandemics from occurring. But it can help prevent the spread of infection, educate and warn, and make local people aware of the situation and its impact. Satellite imagery, aerial photography, and field surveys are used to locate people in hazardous or unstable environments and to determined how to respond after a disaster. Smart cities can be built and fitted with any number of hi-tech devices. In such a scenarios, technology enables secure access to data, business applications, virtual meetings, and cloud meetings.

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SALIENT POINTS

1. Author described how the modern technology has changed every aspect of life, improved the quality of life, and prosperity of the people of the whole world.
2. Briefly discussed the impacts of modem technology in some of import social sectors including:

1. Technology and disaster risk reduction.
2. Technology and entertainment.
3. Technology to education and health.
4. Technology to public safety. Technology to commerce.
5. Technology during epidemic and pandemics.

i. Technology and disaster risk reduction: Modern technology helped scientists to understand phenomena of nature of various kinds of natural calamities such as storms, hurricanes, tsunamis, earthquake, land sliding, etc. through satellite, aerial photography, monitor and predicts disaster forecasting to minimise the destruction.
ii. Technology and entertainment: Similarly in entertainments introduced high quality smart visuals, graphic apps. Systems and devices.
iii. Technology to education and health: In education and health technology has provided enormous knowledge on every, subjects and on line skill training in every field to all people on finger tips.
In health sector provide instant all relevant information, medical prescription to the people.
iv. Technology to public safety: In public safety sector many renewable energy resources such as solar energy, wind energy etc. has been introduced.
v. Technology to commerce: In commerce trade the modern technology introduced the online shopping, trade at local and international level.
vi. Technology during epidemic and pandemics: During epidemic and pandemics technology played most significant role to save the world population.

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Technological Revolution - English (Compulsory) For Class XI - Text Book Exercise - Unit 4.1 (Exercise1-6)

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Unit-04: TECHNOLOGY SMART & TECH SAVVY
Unit 4.1: Reading Comprehension
Technological Revolution

Source: Adapted from "Digital Quality of Life" Understanding the Personal & Social Benefits of the Information Technology Revolution Robert D. Atkinson & Daniel D. Castro.

Pre Reading

1. What does this picture show? Think for a minute and write the names of devices.

Ans: The picture shows the following electronic devices:
Modem, Webcam, Microphone. Smart Phone, Remote Control, Wireless Charger, Bluetooth Speaker, Wireless Mic. Selfie Stick, Mobile Cover, Mobile Stand, Mobile Box and Digital Watch.

2: How has technology evolved over the period of time?
Ans: Over the period of time, pace of communication has enhanced amazingly. Today, many of our inventions are focussed on creating faster ways of communication with each other and in the process, we are creating more data than humans can comprehend. A new tool, artificial intelligence, is now emerging at the nexus of all this.

3: List the technologies recently discovered/invented.
Ans: Robotics. Advancements in automation, AI, 3D printing, VPN, Video conferencing, Biometrics. 6g Cellular Communication, etc.

While Reading

EXERCISE 1:
Work in pairs and deduce the meaning of words given in column A and write their contextual meaning in column B. Share with your partner after you have completed it

S.NO.	Words	Meanings
1.	Innovation	A new method; New ideas; New product, etc.; Invention; Bring something new / جدت، اختراع، ایجاد
2.	Optimists	Someone who is hopeful and confident about the future; Someone who always believes that good things will happen; Positive thinker; One looks at the bright side / امید پرست رجاعیت پسند، پر امید
3.	Manipulate	Handle or control (a tool, mechanism, information, etc.) in a skilful manner; Operate; Handling; Control; To use someone for own purpose / کار ستانی، کسی کام کو ہنرمندی، سلیقے، اور خوش اسلوبی سے کَرنا
4.	Heralded	To announce or signal that something is approaching; Be a sign that (something) is about to happened; Indicate; Signal / Received / اعلان کرنا، پیغام دینا، خبر دینے والا، نقیب، استقبال کیا، ساتھ آیا
5.	Hazards	Dangers or risk; Jeopardize / خطرہ
6.	Hurricanes	A storm with a violent wind; Extremely violent storm; Rainstorm / سمندری طوفان، تیز آندھی، بارش کا طوفان
7.	Profilated	Increase rapidly in number; Multiplied; Increasing rapidly / بڑھنا، اضافہ
8.	Impending	About to happen; forthcoming; Unpleasant Things; About to occur; Imminent / ناخوشگوار بات جو ہونے والی ہو
9.	Calamities	Disaster; Catastrophe; Tragedy; Great loss; Sudden damage / آفت، تباہی، سانحہ، المیہ
10.	Lessen	Make or become less; Lower the amount; Smaller; diminish; Reduce; Decreases / کم کرنا، گھٹانا

EXERCISE 2:
Read the text carefully. There are certain words that are related to the word 'Tele' means 'far'. First, underline these words in the texts and then write a description of these words. An example has been given for you.

Example:
Tele + phone: Telephone
Meaning: A device used for speaking to distant places by means of electrical signals.

1. Tele + com: Telecom (Telecommunication)
Meaning: Telecommunications also known as telecom, is the exchange of Information over significant distances by electronic means and refers to all types of voice, data and video transmission.

2. Tele + presence: Telepresence
Meaning: A sensation of being elsewhere, created by virtual reality technology.

OR

Technology that enables a person to perform actions in a distant or virtual location as if physically present in that location.

OR

Telepresence The use of virtual reality technology, especially for remote control of machinery or for apparent participation in distant events.

3. Tele + vision: Television
Meaning: Television is a system of sending pictures and sounds by electrical signals over a distance so that people can receive them on a television in their homes.

OR

A device used to convert distant visual images by means of electrical signals.

4. Tele + pointer: Telepointer
Meaning: A cursor is used to mark the point on a screen display at which the presenter is pointing.

OR

An interaction style or presentation system interactive television, and other systems, where the user is positioned at a remote site from the display."

OR

Telepointer is a powerful tool in the telemedicine system that enhances the effectiveness of long-distance communication. Telepointer has been tested in telemedicine, and has potential to a big influence in improving quality of health care, especially in the rural area. A telepointer system works by sending additional information in the form of gesture that can convey more accurate instruction or information.

5. Tele + school: Tele-school
Meaning: A school where students are taught remotely.

OR

An education in which the students receive instruction over the Internet, from a video, etc., instead of going to school.

OR

Tele school is a new way of teaching and learning through the means of internet.

Tele + medicine: Telemedicine
Meaning: The remote diagnosis and treatment of patients using telecommunications technology.

OR

Telemedicine is a technology used for the remote diagnosis and treatment of patients by means of telecommunications technology.

6. Tele + work: Telework
Meaning: The activity of working at home, while communicating with your office by phone or email, or using the internet.

OR

Work from home, making use of the internet, email, and the telephone.

OR

Telework The action or practice of working from home, making use of the internet, email, and the telephone.
7. Tele + marketing: Telemarketing
Meaning: The direct marketing of goods or services to potential customers over the telephone, internet, etc.

OR

Tele marketing is the process of selling products or services over the telephone.

OR

The marketing of goods or services by means of telephone calls, typically unsolicited, to potential customers.

EXERCISE 3:
Read the statements and encircle the correct option
1. Digital revolution mainly depends on _____.
a) Physical nature
b) Improved life
c) Hardware innovations ✔
d) Integrated Circuit

2. During World War-II transmission of information was in _____.
a) Material
b) Analogue ✔
c) Electric
d) Catalogue

3. _____ is the technological option to work in dangerous situation.
a) Telephone
b) Telecom
c) Telepresence ✔
d) Television

4. It is technology that people get things better according to their _____.
a) Market demand
b) Environment
c) Needs ✔
d) Work

5. E-learning can only be possible through _____.
a) Portal
b) Internet ✔
c) smart adaptation
d) Innovation system

6. People get information through _____ to help them better understand a medical condition.
a) Internet
b) Integrated apps0
c) Telemedicine ✔
d) Visual images

7. Bits used to record or transmit information in _____ form.
a) Binary
b) Digital ✔
c) Analogue
d) Logical

8. _____ is an example of a hydrological disaster.
a) Earthquake
b) Hurricane
c) Floods ✔
d) Wild life

9. _____ technology assesses environmental changes and disease predictions.
a) remote sensing ✔
b) Satellite
c) Circuit
d) Visual images

10. A bulk of population at disaster risk may be located by _____.
a) Telecom
b) Satellite images ✔
c) actuators
d) Smart phones

EXERCISE 4:
Work individually. Read the text again and mark (✔) for true, and (X) for false against each statement given below.

NO.	Statement	Answer
1.	Use of technology can be harmful to our environment.	X
2.	First use of technology was related to waves	✔
3.	During World War II, the use of technology was not familiar.	✔
4.	All the devices-may function with the traditional type.	X
5.	An e-learning can only be possible without the internet.	X
6.	People can also purchase and sell things via the internet.	✔
7.	Renewable things are those which cannot be utilized again.	X
8.	Telework and telepresence are the internet ways to work in a hazardous situation.	X

Post Reading

EXERCISE 5:
Read the text and answer the following questions:
1. What do you mean by technological revolution?
Ans: The phrase 'technological revolution' refers to the change and development brought about by series of technological progress characterized by new innovations. Their rapid application and diffusion can bring an abrupt change in society.

OR

Ans: Technological revolution is the driving force of both economic growth and improved quality of life. It is the driving innovation and enabling billions of people to live safer and better lives. Previously we had Guttenberg's model of telephone and mobile but now due to technological revolution we have much better types of phones then that of those.

OR

Ans: A technological revolution is a period in which one or more technologies rapidly supersede older ones. It is a period of rapid technological advancement defined by new inventions, whose quick application and spread often result in a significant shift in society.

OR

Ans: A technological revolution is a period in which one or more technologies is replaced by another, novel technology in a short amount of time. It is an era of accelerated technological progress characterized by new innovations whose rapid application and diffusion typically cause an abrupt change in society.

OR

Ans: Technological revolution is a driving force to the economy of the world. It is a source of developing and upgrading the entire process and standard of life and livings.

2. Why did innovation information remain scarce at the time of World War II?
Ans: Much innovation information remained scarce at the time of World War II. The reason was that the processing of information relied on "atoms" to record or transmit information in analog form rather than the "bits" (binary digits of '1s' for on and '0s' for off) used to record or transmit information in digital form.

OR

Ans: At the time of World War II, many innovation information remained scarce. The reason was that the processing of information relied on "atoms" to record or transmit information in analog form rather than the "bits" (binary digits of '1s' for on and '0s' for off) used to' record or transmit information in digital form.

OR

Ans: During the time of world War-II information remained limited and hard to use and transmit because processing of information relied on "atoms" to record or transmit information in analog forms rather than the "bits" used to record or transmit the information.

OR

Ans: Many advancements emerged after WW II, but the information remained scarce and difficult to utilize and transfer. The reason for this was that Information processing depended on 'atoms' to records and transmit information in analogue form rather than 'bits' (binary digits of '1s' for on and '0s' for off) to record or transmit Information in digital form.

OR

Ans: Informational innovations were scarce during World War II, and transmitting information was difficult because it was based on “atomic” concepts. Analog communication methods were used, and the process was lengthy.

3. How is the technology boon for students?
Ans: Technology is boon for students with many perspectives like: Tele school is the technology that enables students to study at home, they have no need to go school or university. Flexible online classes give students access to education that would never have been possible before the internet.

OR

Ans: Technology is a boon for the students. It has provided a vast platform for learners to explore their skills and potential. It has also helped the students to overcome their fear, arrogance, reluctance and shyness. This enhances students' confidence level. The students can also learn from teleschool. It exhibits new ways of exploration to enable all to have a knowledge of innumerable things. All the things are possible because of technological revolution.

OR

Ans: Technology is a boon for students because it can help students to make lessons fun, interesting and more effective. Using technology reduces the workload and helps students to understand the subject better. Essentially it is also driving the way that teachers teach and students learn. Technology provides students with easy-to-access information, accelerated learning, and fun oportunities to practice what they learn. It enables students to explore new subjects and deepen their understanding of difficult concepts.

OR

Ans: Technology is a boon for the students. It has provided a huge platform for learners to explore their talents. It has also helps students to overcome their fear, arrogance, reluctance and shyness. They can also learn from teleschool. All Things are possible because of new technology.

OR

Ans: Technology creates sever impact on everything but its very useful for the students in their studies. It is helpful to learn everything on internet and grab the various point of view on the bases of reason. It also helps to prepare assignments and projects and students can share different ideas with other fellows to understand the pros and cons.

4. What are the benefits of E-commerce in today's world?
Ans: E-commerce opens new vistas of learning trade, commerce and industry. Today, technological revolution is giving people a wide variety of choices, enabling them to get the kinds of products and services that fit their needs. Tele work and telemarketing have given people the chance to move beyond the limits. E-commerce lets people buy a vast array of goods and services ices that previously might have been difficult to find at local stores.

OR

Ans: Today's technological revolution provides individual with a plethora of options, allowing them to obtain the items and services that best suit their requirements, Telework and telemarketing have enabled people to push their boundaries. E-commerce allows customers to purchase a wide range of items and services that were previously difficult to get in local retailers.

OR

Ans: Today, technological revolution is giving people a wide variety of choices, enabling them to get the kind of products and services that fit their needs. Telework and telemarketing have given people the chance to move beyond the limits. E-commerce lets people a vast array of goods and services that previously might have been difficult to find at local stores.

OR

Ans: Electronic Commerce is the most impactful tool of technology. It makes easier for the seller and buyer to create business relationship. It also provides the opportunity to consumer to deal with another consumer directly (C2C) to gel good price and quality product. E-Commerce takes the world to the next level for business opportunities.

OR

Ans: E-commerce is the buying and selling of goods or services via the internet, and the transfer of money and data to complete the sales. It's also known as electronic commerce or internet commerce.

Some of the biggest benefits of e-commerce:
i- Convenience: Online commerce makes purchases simpler, faster, and less time-consuming, allowing for 24-hour sales, quick delivery, and easy returns.
Personalization and customer experience: E-commerce marketplaces can create rich user profiles that allow them to personalize the products offered and make suggestions for other products that they might find interesting. This improves the customer experience by making shoppers feel understood on a personal level, increasing the odds of brand loyalty.

ii- Global marketplace: Customers from around the world can easily shop e-commerce sites — companies are no longer restricted by geography or physical barriers.
Minimized expenses: Since brick and mortar is no longer required, digital sellers can launch online stores with minimal startup and operating costs.

5. How does technology work in environmentally risky areas?
Ans: The remote sensing technology could monitor environmental changes and disease predictions. The satellite images, aerial photographs, and on-the-ground inspections can be used to locate populations in dangerous or environmentally unstable places and determine how to respond after disaster strikes. Though technology cannot prevent the onset of the pandemics; however it can help prevent the spread, educate, warn, and empower those on the ground to be aware of the situation and noticeably lessen the impact.

OR

Ans: Technology is so much helpful in environmental risk areas. The remote sensing technology could monitor environmental changes and disease predictions. The satellite images, aerial photographs and on-the-ground inspections can be used to locate population in dangerous or environmentally unstable places and determine how to respond after disease strikes.

OR

Ans: Satellite photos, aerial photography, and on-the-ground inspections can be utilized to find people in risky or ecologically unstable areas, as well as to assess how to respond once a disaster occurs. Though technology cannot prevent pandemics from occurring, it may assist to limit their spread, educate, alert and empower people on the ground to be aware of the situation, and significantly minimize their impact.

OR

Ans: One of the best uses of technology is in the study of environment. With the help of technology, it becomes easier to know about the risk of rain, flood, earthquake and other natural disasters to prepare accordingly.

6. How has technology greatly supported doctors & medical practitioners?
Ans: Development in diagnostic system has enabled doctors to find the safest way of treating patients. Technology has greatly supported doctors and medical practitioners to information and the treatment of any disease. It has helped improved medical care by making it easier for doctors to provide evidence-based medicine. People also get information through telemedicine to help them better understand a medical condition in order to take early care.

OR

Ans: Technology has helped improved medical care by making it easier for doctors to provide and evidence-based medicine. people get information through Telemedicine to help them better understand a medical condition.

OR

Ans: Technology has greatly supported doctors and medical practitioners to information and the treatment of any disease. It has helped improved medical care by making it easier for doctors to provide evidence-based medicine. People also get information through telemedicine to help them better understand a medical condition in order to take early care.

OR

Ans: Today, doctors and nurses use handheld devices to record patients' real-time data and instantly update their medical history. This makes more accurate and more efficient diagnoses and treatments.
Centralization of critical patient data and lab results has improved the quality of healthcare. With remote monitoring technology, patients can easily access and consult a doctor in the comfort of their homes. This saves a lot of time and money. The doctor can remotely monitor a particular issue.
Technology has helped improve medical care by making it easier for doctors to provide evidence-based medicine.

OR

Ans: Medical sciences strongly inculcate technology for exact and quick diagnoses of any disease. It also helps to find out various ways of many wide and their cure. It also helps doctors in medical research and transmitting insight of complex structure of human physiology.

7. How does technology secure humans from calamities?
Ans: Epidemic, Pandemics or other hazards have threatened the human race many times. The outbreaks of these calamities left enormous burden on our lives, economies and societies at large. In such scenario technologies enable secure access to data, enterprise applications, virtual meetings and cloud conferencing. Smart cities could be made and equipped with some sort of devices which include sensors, processors, wearable, electronics, software, actuators, vehicles, cell phones and computers.

OR

Ans: Epidemics, pandemics or other hazards have threatened the human race time and again. The outbreaks of these calamities left enormous burdens on our lives. economies, and societies at large. In such a scenario, technologies enable secure access to data, enterprise applications, virtual meetings and cloud conferencing. Smart cities could be made and equipped with some sorts of devices which include sensors, processors, wearable, electronics, software, actuators, vehicles, cell phones and computers. The remote sensing technology could monitor environmental changes and disease predictions. The satellite images, aerial photographs, and on-the-ground inspections, can be used to locate populations in dangerous or environmentally unstable places and determine how to respond after a disaster has struck. Though technology cannot prevent the onset of the pandemics; but it can herald the proper way of curing ailments and saving sufferers from dangerous upheavals.

OR

Ans: Epidemic, pandemics, and other hazards have often endangered the human species. The breakouts of these disaster imposed immense costs on our lives, economy, and communities as a whole.
Technologies offer safe access to data, business applications, virtual meetings, and cloud conferencing in such a circumstance. Smart cities can be built and outfitted with various technologies such as sensors, processor, wearable, electronics, software. actuators, automobiles, cell phones, and computers. Remote sensing technologies might be used to monitor environmental changes and anticipate disease outbreaks. Satellite photos, aerial photography, and on-the-ground inspections will be utilized to find people in risky or ecologically unstable areas, as well as to assess how to responds once a disaster occurs. Though technology cannot prevent pandemics from occurring, it can assist prevent their spread.

8. How people have opinion that youngsters are not safe in the technological era.? Give reasons for your agreement or disagreement.
Ans: I do not agree to the idea that youngsters are not safe in the technological era. No doubt, there are some negative impacts of the new technology. As the overuse of the net causes the following effects:

• Lower attention span...
• Increased risk and lack of privacy...
• Risk of depression...
• Obesity...
• Falling grades...
• Bullying...
• Social interaction issues...

It is because of misuse and excessive use of the technology. If the youngsters are prudent users, they will not find the internet harmful for them.

OR

Ans: Agreement: It is essential for youngsters to know about technological changes to understand the modern world. it is necessary to adopt because without technology they are not able to cope with the opportunities coming in their lives.

Disagreement: Although it is necessary for the youngster to grab the technology for their future growth but on the other hand it is not safe for their physical and mental development. Technology brings lot Of disasters of social and ethical values. Youth is not able to understand the harmful impact of technology and they indulge into this fascination.

OR

Ans: Digital technologies have profoundly changed childhood and adolescence. The internet and the means to access it, such as tablets and smartphones, along with social media platforms and messaging apps, have become integral to the lives of youth around the world.
Along with the substantial opportunities the digital age brings, there is a diverse range of risks and harms.

1. Cyberbullying: This is when people use technology to embarrass, harass or bully someone. Cyberbullying ran include posting mean or untrue statements, making fake online profiles intended to embarrass people, sharing embarrassing photos, and more.
2. Trolling: This is when people deliberately try to start arguments or to upset people on the internet, often causing considerable distress.
3. Isolation: Too moth time spent online and using technology is time not spent face-to-face with family and friends, which can create barriers and contribute to a sense of isolation.
4. Inappropriate Materials: Teenagers posting inappropriate pictures or content online, to sharing such materials with friends, may humiliate themselves or others.
5. Inappropriate Relationship: Strangers or others may try to form inappropriate relationships with young people.
6. The effect of the content children encounter online should be a focus of future students. Some websites and apps present a risk to the health of vulnerable youth, such as those that promote self-harm, suicide, anorexia. Others support underage activities, such as gambling.

9. Which technology innovation has impacted you profoundly and how?
Ans: Almost all new technological innovations have impacted me profoundly. But the most of all is Printing Press. I am an ardent lover of reading books. I used to print out all materials which I get from the internet. I find it difficult to read the books on the net. So, firstly I take the print of the books, then I start to read and gain ample knowledge. It has really changed my way of living.

OR

Ans: Smartphone technology and its innovations have impacted me profoundly. The majority of us have a smartphone and regularly use it to surf online. Not only can we send texts and emails and make calls, we also have access to a full range of computer capabilities. In other words, anything we can do on a computer, we can perform on a smartphone. Plus, costs have come down so much that a standard device is within reach of most customers. We check social media apps such as Facebook with alarming regularity; it would be unsurprising if the most obscure use for smartphones nowadays is the standard telephone call.

OR

Ans: In this period, technology is everywhere and create a profound impact on society. Invention of smart devices inspired me a lot. These smart devices not only understand our need but also provides different solutions in a very simple and easier way.

10. How did technoIogy contribute in keeping peoples' lives safe during the recent pandemic or disaster?
Ans: Though technology cannot prevent the onset of the pandemics; however, it can help prevent the spread, educate, warn, and empower those on-the-ground to be aware of the situation, and noticeably lessen the impact.

OR

Ans: Though technology cannot prevent pandemics from occurring, it may assist to limit their spread, educate, alert and empower people on the ground to be aware of the situation, and significantly minimize their impact.

OR

Ans: Covid-19 has changed the whole world in couple of years. People use many innovative ideas to earn their bread and butter. Technology not only make us survive in the difficult times but also make many people famous and millionaire. It gives unique dimensions of life and helps to explore the hidden skills of people during pandemic.

EXERCISE 6:
Though technology has many advantages to ease living, it has some disadvantages too. Now work in groups. First, make outlines related to only disadvantages of technology, and then expand each outline in short paragraphs.
Ans: DISADVANTAGES OF TECHNOLOGY:

1. Negative impact on the studies.
2. Fraudulent companies cheating people.
3. Lack of quality communication.
4. Effects on physical mental and psychological disorders.
5. Help to increase the crime ratio.

1. Negative impact on the studies:
The injudicious and excessive use of the technology often results in persistent incomplete school assignments, tardy work, and a poor academic performance. Moreover, when a lot of pending work gets piled up, students often resort to online websites and use cut and paste options.

2. Fraudulent companies cheating people:
With regard to business, while the social media has facilitated online business and promotion of skills and talents, one may get cheated by fake virtual companies and organizations. Hence, despite innumerable benefits of online business, it may be misused by fraudulent companies. People may suffer financial loss by paying for goods that may be of poor quality and materalize.

3. Lack of quality communication:
Humans are social animals, and for strengthening social bonds, physical sharing of moments of joy and grief is important. Increased time on the social media has limited face-to-face communication and compromised relationships. People are spending more and more time on the social media, which has caused a significant deterioration in the frequency and quality of close, one-to-one communication between both immediate and the extended family members who occupy an important place in the Pakistani family structure. While social networks enable interaction with a large number of people, in a short span of time, these interactions are shallow cannot adequately replace everyday face-to-face communication. This lack of quality communication can weaken relationships that may, in turn, have damaging consequences.

4. Effects of physical, mental and psychological disorder:
Impact on physical health, mental and psychological disorder is another major area of concern. When the social media is used disproportionately, the users constantly remain deskbound or limited to the comfort of the couch or a bed. This excessive use causes obesity. It causes major health problems. It also leaves negative impacts on mentality and psychology of a man. A man becomes jealous of other people's success. A selfie trend can also affect the psychology of people.

5. Helps to increase the crime ratio:
It also helps those who are of criminal mind. They keep in contact while committing any crime.

OR

Ans: Regardless of how far technological advancement and how convenient digital technology can be this level of success comes with many disadvantages.
Disadvantages Of Technology On Privacy, Security, And Information:

1. Too much data is being circulated, and not all companies take full responsibilities for handling user data - this leads to many data breaches and privacy issues.
2. Anonymity, split personalities, and fake personas.
3. Technology and access to Information in a central location have given rise to new kinds of crimes and terrorism.

Risk OF Technology Associated With Lifestyles And Social Behaviours:

1. Reliance on technology has increased social anxiety, where people are more comfortable communicating with others through messages and chat apps but not physically.
2. Too much content, gaming, and indoor activities have impacted how people live their lives in turn leading to high obesity rates, more health issues, crud new kinds of addictions.
3. Over dependence on gadgets.
4. Our attention spans are dropping the average attention span of humans, recently dropped to 8 sec from 12 sec in the last few years. Companies like Facebook anct Snapchat argue that a 2 sec/ 3 sec video watch time should be considered a "valid" view because attentions spans on their platforms are very less.
5. Family distancing -- people in the same room don't talk to each other but only to their devices.
6. Social isolation and loneliness.
7. Laziness and lives of convenience.
8. Technology is wiping out contentment - where everyone a runnel towards acquring more, and not being grateful for what they possess.
9. Virtual experiences are taking preference of real physical experiences - with technological advancements, we are moving into an era where we will forget to decipher, between what is real and what is unreal.

Negative Impact of Technology on Work Life:

1. A large part of the workforce gets replaced with new technology causing unemployment in some cases (computers was a term that referred to job titles that people possessed.
2. With people carrying their work laptops home, and checking work emails at home while sleeping when waking up, and in the bathroom, there is a gap left between family and work life.
3. Too much information but no knowledge, people browse through thousands of news items every day, but none of it is retained to a point where it becomes knowledge.

Technology And Its Hazard:

1. More accidents on the roads due to accessibility of vehicles and ease of movements.
2. Nuclear weapons and weapons of mass destruction are at a point where they can wipe out humanity if a global conflict escalates to a point of no return.
3. Commercial production of food, and daily household items, is causing many health problems and creating sick and weak workers always in need of the healthcare system.
4. The industrial age has led us to climate hazards, global warming and a polluted environment.

OR

Ans: Disadvantages Of Technology:

• Unemployment
• Data security
• People get distracted easily
• Health issues
• People get involved in seeing unwanted things
• Addiction

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Technological Revolution - English (Compulsory) For Class XI - Words Meanings

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Unit-04: TECHNOLOGY SMART & TECH SAVVY
Unit 1.1: Reading Comprehension
Technological Revolution

Source: Adapted from "Digital Quality of Life" Understanding the Personal & Social Benefits of the Information Technology Revolution Robert D. Atkinson & Daniel D. Castro.

WORDS MEANING

S.NO.	Words	Meanings
1.	Actuator	A mechanical device for moving or controlling something / مشینی آلہ جو کسی چیز کو کنٹرول کرے
2.	Adoption	To choose or take as one's own / اختیار, اپنانا
3.	Advancement	Progress / ترقی
4.	Aerial	In or from the air / ہوائی، فضائی
5.	Amazing	Wonderful / حیران کن
6.	Analog	Not digital / جو ڈیجیٹل نہ ہو
7.	Array	An ordered series or arrangement / ترتیب دینا، صف آرائی
8.	Automobiles	Vehicles / گاڑیاں
9.	Breakthrough	A sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development / پیش رفت، دَريافت، رکاوٹ عبور کرنا
10.	Calamity	Disaster; Catastrophe; Tragedy; Great loss; Sudden damage / آفت، تباہی، سانحہ، المیہ
11.	Coordinate	Harmonize; Corelate; Interrelate; Work together / ہم وزن کرنا، ہم آہنگ کرنا، مل کر کام کرنا
12.	Disaster	Calamity; Catastrophe; Tragedy / آفت، تباہی، بربادی، المیہ
13.	Driving force	The main factor that causes something to happen; Strong and powerful / متحرک قوت، مضبوط اور طاقتور
14.	Economic	Of economy / معاشی
15.	Effective	Producing a desired or intended result / کار گَر، پُر اَثَر
16.	Efficient	Being effective without wasting time or effort or expense; Have effects/ موثر، اہل، قابل، پر اثر
17.	Empower	Give (someone) the authority or power to do something / اختیار دینا ، مالک یا مختار یا مجاز بنانا
18.	Enable	To makes able / قابل کرنا
19.	Enabler	A person or thing that makes something possible / اختیار بنانے والا، مُخْتار بنانے والا، لائق بنانے والا
20.	Engaging	Charming and attractive / مشغول، مصروف کرنے والا، ملوث ہونا
21.	Enormous	very large in size, quantity, or extent. / بہت زیادہ
22.	Epidemics	A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease / وبائی مرض یا بیماری
23.	Era	A long and distinct period of history / دور، عہد
24.	Extreme	Very large in amount or degree / شدید، انتہائی، بے حد
25.	Flexible	Able to bend easily without breaking / لچکدار, نرم
26.	Force	Power / طاقت
27.	Forecasting	Predict or estimate / پیشن گوئی، تخمینہ، اندازہ
28.	Geological	About rocks / پتھروں سے متعلق
29.	Global Economy	The interconnected worldwide economic activities that take place between multiple countries. / عالمی اقتصادیات
30.	Growth	The state of growing / نشونما
31.	Hazard	Dangers or risk; Jeopardize / خطرہ
32.	Herald / Heralded	To announce or signal that something is approaching; Be a sign that (something) is about to happened; Indicate; Signal; Received / اعلان کرنا، پیغام دینا، خبر دینے والا، نقیب، استقبال کیا، ساتھ آیا
33.	Host	One who entertains guests / میزبان
34.	Host of things	A large number of something; Many things / بہت ساری
35.	Hurricane	A storm with a violent wind; Extremely violent storm; Rainstorm / سمندری طوفان، تیز آندھی، بارش کا طوفان
36.	Hydrological	Relating to the study of water on the earth / مائیات، پانی سے متعلق
37.	Immense	Extremely large or great/ بہت زیادہ، وسیع، بڑا
38.	Impending	About to happen; forthcoming; Unpleasant Things; About to occur; Imminent / ناخوشگوار بات جو ہونے والی ہو
39.	Innovation	A new method; New ideas; New product, etc; Invention; Bring something new / جدت، اختراع، ایجاد
40.	Integrate	To make whole or complete by adding or bringing together parts; Mixed / ضم کرنا، ملانا، مکمل کرنا، جمع کرنا، ملا ہوا
41.	Inspections	Careful examination or scrutiny / معائنہ
42.	Interactive	Influencing each other; Acting on one another; Reciprocally active / متعامل، مل کر کام کرنا، ایک دوسرے پر اثر انداز ہونا
43.	Invention	An original device or process / ایجاد، اختراع
44.	Lessen	Make or become less; Lower the amount; Smaller; Decreases; Diminish; Reduce / کم کرنا، گھٹانا
45.	Manipulate	Handle or control (a tool, mechanism, information, etc.) in a skilful manner; Operate; Handling; Control; To use someone for own purpose / کسی کام کو ہنرمندی، سلیقے، اور خوش اسلوبی سے کرنا، کار ستانی
46.	Moveable	Capable of being moved / قابل حرکت
47.	Natural phenomena	Events in nature which are not man-made / قدرتی مظاہر
48.	Occurred	Happened / ہوا
49.	Offset	Compensating equivalent / تلافی کرنا ‌، متوازن کرنا
50.	Onset	The beginning of something / آغاز، ابتدا
51.	Optimist	Someone who is hopeful  and confident about the future; Someone who always believes that good things will happen; Positive thinker; One looks at the bright side / امید پرست رجاعیت پسند، پر امید
52.	Outbreak	A sudden breaking out or occurrence / پھوٹ پڑنا
53.	Pandemic	An epidemic occurring worldwide; Disease existing; Diseases spread out / عالمی وباء، ہر جگہ پھیلی ہوئی بیماری
54.	Phenomena	Facts / حقائق
55.	Portal	A doorway, gate, or other entrance; Pages on the internet / پھاٹک، گزرگاہ، انٹرنیٹ کے صفحات
56.	Prediction	A thing predicted; A forecast / یشن گوئی
57.	Proliferate	Increase rapidly in number; Multiplied; Increasing rapidly / بڑھنا، اضافہ
58.	Recovery	Return to a normal state of health, mind, or strength / بحالی، صحت یابی
59.	Rely on	To depend on / انحصار کرنا
60.	Renewable	Capable of being renewed / قابل تجدید
61.	Revolution	Uprising; iInsurrection; Revolt; Big change / انقلاب، تبدیلی
62.	Risk assessment	A systematic process of evaluating the potential risks / خطرے کی تشخیص، خطرے کو بھاپ لینا
63.	Savvy	Having or showing practical knowledge and experience / سمجھ بوجھہ
64.	Scarce	Insufficient for the demand; Short / نایاب، کمیاب، قلیل، کم
65.	Secure	Protected; Safe / محفوظ
66.	Spectrum	Range / نقشہ
67.	Technological revolution	Material or ideological changes caused by the introduction of a device or system / تیکنیکی انقلاب
68.	Telepresence	Technologies that allow a user to appear to be present / دور حضوری، ٹیکنا لوجی کے ذریعہ شرکت
69.	Teleschool	Distant school or on TV / ٹیلی وژن سے پڑھنے کا طریقہ
70.	Threaten	Endanger; Feeling that something bad might happen / خطرے سے دو چار کرنا، دھمکی دینا
71.	Toddler	A young child who is just beginning to walk; Small child / ڈگمگا کر چلنے والا بچہ، چھوٹا بچہ
72.	Transformation	A marked change in form, nature, or appearance / تبدیلی، پلٹنا
73	Transmit	Broadcast or send out; Transfer / منتقل کرنا، ترسیل کرنا، نشر کرنا
74.	Tsunamis	A long, high sea wave caused by an earthquake or other disturbance; Sea storm / سونامی، بحری زَلزَلے سے اُبھَرنے والی مُہیب سَمُندَری لہر، سمندری طوفان
75.	Unstable	-Not stable / غیر پائیدار، غیر مستحکم
76.	Visual	Of or about seeing or sight / بصری، دیکهنے سے متعلق
77.	Wearables	An item that can be worn / پہننے کے قابل، پہنا جانے والا
78.	Widespread	Distributed over a wide region / وسیع پیمانے پر پهیلا ہوا، دور تک پھیلا ہوا

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The Abbot Of Canterbury (Poem 6) - Text Book Exercise - English (Compulsory) For HSC Part 1

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English I (Compulsory)
For HSC Part 1
Poem 6 - The Abbot Of Canterbury

Anonymous (Unknown) Poet

Text Book Exercise

• Pre-reading
• Post-reading (Exercise 1-8)

Pre-reading

"That a fool he may learn a wise man wit."
Predict the theme of the poem after reading the line.
Answer: I think, the theme of the poem would be that the wisdom is not the legacy of any particular faction of the people. It is for the people who try to get it. An illiterate person can be regarded educated for his experience. A seasoned person, having a series of bitter experience, attains more wisdom in comparison to an educated person.

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Post-reading

 Exercise 1: 

Column A has words from the poem; underline these words in the poem. Column B has the contextual meanings of these words, but they are jumbled up. Work in pairs. Try and match the appropriate meaning of each word, and write your answer in column C. Share your work with your partner after you have completed.

NO.	Column A		Column B	Column C
1.	Ancient	A	Soon	Primitive (F)
2.	Merry	B	Nobleman	Happy (H)
3.	Anon	C	Plan	Soon (A)
4.	Renown	D.	Forgiveness	Fame (J)
5.	Fold	E	Joke	Enclosure (I)
6.	Gallant	F	Primitive	Brave (G)
7.	Jest	G	Brave	Joke (E)
8.	Pardon	H	Happy	Forgiveness (D)
9.	Liegeman	I	Enclosure	Nobleman (B)
10.	Devise	J	Fame	Plan (C)

 Exercise 2: 

Read the poem again and encircle the right option:
1. The ballad "The Abbot of Canterbury' is narrated in ____ person:
a. first
b. second
c. third
d. first and third story ✔

2. The poet says to the reader that he is going to tell a ____ story.
a. sad
b. funny ✔
c. terrible
d. folk

3. King John was jealous of Abbot's housekeeping and high ______.
a. character
b. respect
c. business
d. renown ✔

4. King John feared that the Abbot was working against his _____:
a. people
b. policies
c. crown ✔
d. ministers

5. King John told the Abbot if he did not answer his three questions he would be _____:
a. beheaded ✔
b. poisoned
c. banished
d. fined

6. After listening to the King's questions, the Abbot rode to _____ universities.
a. Oxford and London
b. Oxford and Canterbury
c. Oxford and Campbell
d. Oxford and Cambridge ✔

7. The Abbot requested the king to give him ___ week's time.
a. three ✔
b. four
c. five
d. six

8. While going back to his hometown, the Abbot met a _____.
a. farmer
b. friend
c. neighbour
d. shepherd ✔

9. The shepherd demanded the Abbot's ___ to answer the king's questions.
a lands
b house
c. horse and dress ✔
d wealth

 Exercise 3: 

Work in pairs and read the lines given below carefully, Write down the number of the stanza against each statement in which the given information appears.

NO.	Statement	Stanza
1.	Abbot is a very rich person.	03 "12th line"
2.	Abbot seems satisfied in the court.	05 "20th line"
3.	Questions are very difficult to answer.	09 "36th line"
4.	Abbot tries to find out the answers.	11 "44th line"
5.	Abbot is sure to have his punishment.	12 "48th line"
6.	The king rewards the shepherd.	25 "104th line"

 Exercise 4: 

Read the poem again and answer the following questions.
Q.1: What was the dispute between the King and the Abbot?
Ans: The dispute between the two, the king and the Abbot was about the wealthy and luxurious life style. When the king heard about the eye-dazzling life of the Abbot, he started to envy him and his wealth. He thought, though he was King, yet he did not live as luxuriously as the Abbot lived. So that he brought the Abbot in trial for his luxurious Iife.

Q.2: What efforts did the Abbot make in order to save himself?
Ans: The Abbot paid visit to the scholars and doctors of Oxford and Cambridge universities.

Q.3: What were the questions that the King asked?
Ans: The King asked the following three questions:
I. What was the price of the King?
2. How long would he take tine to travel the world?
3. What was he thinking at that time?

Q.4: What was the shepherd's answer to the first question of the King?
Ans: The shepherd's answer to the first question of the king was that the price of the king would be 29 pence. Because, the Christ was sold for 30 pence, so the king would be sold one penny lesser that the price of the Christ.

Q.5: What was the shepherd's answer to the second question of the King?
Ans: The shepherd's answer to the king's second question was that he could travel the world in a day. He explained that if he woke up early in the morning and started walking with the sun, he would surely return the next morning. Since there are 24 hours in a day, he could cover a significant distance by following the sun throughout that time.

Q.6: What was the shepherd's answer to the third question of the King?
Ans: The shepherd's answer to the third question was very funny. He told the king that he was thinking of him as the Abbot, but he was only his poor shepherd. And he begged pardon for the Abbot.

Q.7: How did the king express his emotions after being answered his all questions?
Ans: The king became so happy. He laughed loudly and swore. Happily, he offered the post of Abbot to the shepherd.

Q.8: Why did the shepherd not accept king's offer?
Ans: The shepherd did not accept king's offer because he was an illiterate person. So he requested the King not to give him any high position which did not fit to his qualification.

Q.9: How was the Abbot benefited by his shepherd's bold answers?
Ans: The Abbot's life was saved by his shepherd's bold answers. It was settled between the king and the Abbot that the Abbot would be beheaded if he could not answer the three questions. The shepherd gave and got pardon for his master Abbot.

Q.10: What is the main idea of this ballad?
Ans: The Abbot of Canterbury' is an interesting poem. The main idea of the poem is that it urges the readers not to judge the people and their wisdom on the ground of their appearance and profession. Education is not the legacy of any university or other institutions. It is not confined to book learning or registering oneself in any colleges or elsewhere. It is attained through experience, so one should try to learn from everywhere.

 Exercise 5: 

Discuss the pom 'The Abbot of Canterbury' as a ballad? Note down your answer in the notebook . Once you have written, compare it with your partner.
Ans: The poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", included in our book, is a ballad. Ballads have crude language because fine writing would not be suitable for the telling of this straightforward and amusing folk story. King John ruled England from 1199 to 1216, was a very unpleasant man and a thoroughly bad kind. It is a ballad of unknown telling an ancient story consisting of 100 lines of regular rhythm.

 Exercise 6: 

'The Abbot of Canterbury' is an interesting poem that urges the readers not to judge the people and their wisdom on the ground of their appearance and profession.
Work in groups of three. Compose your own poem on the similar theme, using elements of poetry based on three stanzas. Each member of group should compose 1 stanza. After your group has composed the poem, share it with other groups.
Ans: (Self Practice)
Sample Answer is given below:

Beyond the Surface

The baker kneads with floured hands,
His wisdom rises warm -
More than dough his soul expands,
Though callous marks his palm.

The beggar stands in tattered cloak,
His words drop rich as gold -
While silk-clad men with airs of folk
Speak folly dark and cold.

So judge not worth by outward dress,
Nor wisdom by degree -
For truth wears many masks, unless
We learn how eyes should see.
- inspired by "The Abbot of Canterbury"

OR

Beyond the Veil

In shadows cast by gilded frames,
The scholar’s thoughts may roam,
Yet wisdom hides in humble names,
Where hearts can find their home.

The merchant clad in rags so worn,
May hold a treasure rare,
While kings in robes of silk adorn,
May lack the love to share.

So look beyond the surface sheen,
And seek the soul within,
For true worth lies in what’s unseen, Where kindness can begin.

 Exercise 7: 

Work in groups of three to enact the given story by playing different roles. Each group should rehearse at least two times in the class.
Ans: (Class Work)
Guidelines for Performing "The Abbot of Canterbury"

1. Understand the Poem:
   * Read the poem several times to grasp its meaning and themes.
   * Discuss the main ideas with classmates or teachers to clarify any confusion.
   
   
2. Character Roles:
   * Identify the different characters in the poem (e.g., the Abbot, the Monk, the Peasant).
   * Decide who will play each character during the performance.
   
   
3. Practice Reading Aloud:
   * Read the poem aloud to practice pronunciation and expression.
   * Pay attention to the rhythm and flow of the lines.
   
   
4. Use Expressions and Gestures:
   * Use facial expressions and body language to convey emotions and actions.
   * Make gestures that match the words to enhance the performance.
   
   
5. Work on Timing:
   * Practice the timing of your lines to ensure everyone speaks at the right moment.
   * Use pauses effectively to emphasize important parts of the poem.
   
   
6. Costumes and Props:
   * Consider wearing simple costumes or using props to represent the characters.
   * Props can help make the performance more engaging and visual.
   
   
7. Rehearse Together:
   * Practice as a group to ensure everyone knows their lines and cues.
   * Provide feedback to each other to improve the performance.
   
   
8. Engage the Audience:
   * Make eye contact with the audience to keep them engaged.
   * Use your voice to project clearly so everyone can hear.
   
   
9. Be Confident:
   * Believe in your performance and enjoy the experience.
   * Remember that it’s okay to make mistakes; just keep going!
   
   
10. Reflect After the Performance:
    * After performing, discuss what went well and what could be improved.
    * Share thoughts on how the poem's message was conveyed.

 Exercise 8: 

Work individually and explain the following lines. Write your work in the notebook and share it with your class fellows after you have completed.

Lines No.	Lines
1- 4	An ancient story ....... maintained little right.
5 - 8	And I'll tell you a story ....... fair Lond on town.
9 - 12	A hundred men ....... waited the Abbot about.
13 - 16	'How now, father Abbot? ....... against my crown."
17 - 20	'My liege', quoth the abbot ....... true-gotten gear'.
21 - 24	'Yes, yes, father abbot ....... smitten from thy body.
25 - 28	'And first; quoth the king ....... penny what I am worth.
29 - 32	'Secondly,' tell me, ....... what I do think.
33 - 36	'0, these are hard questions ....... answer your grace.
37 - 40	Now three weeks' space to ....... forfeit to me.
41 - 44	Away rode the abbot ....... an answer devise.
45 - 48	The home rode ....... good King John.
49 - 52	Sad news, sad news ....... from my body.
53 - 56	The first is to tell him there ....... he is worth.
57 - 60	The second, to tell him, ....... he does think.
61 - 64	Now cheer up, sir abbot! ....... answer your quarrel.
65 - 68	Nay, frown not, if it hath ....... fair London town.
69 - 72	Now horses and serving men ....... our father the Pope.
73 - 76	Now welcome, sir abbot ....... saved shall be.
77 - 80	And first, when thou seest ....... what I am worth.
81 - 84	For thirty pence, our Saviour ....... penny worse than He.
85 - 88	The king then laughed, and ....... whole world about.
89 - 92	You must rise with the sun ....... you ride it about.
93 - 96	The king then laughed, and swore ....... what I do think.
97 - 100	Yes, that shall I do, and ....... pardon for him and for me.
101 - 104	The king he laughed ....... write nor read."
105 - 108	Four nobles a week, then, ....... from good King John.

Ans: Explanation Of Lines:
Lines 1- 4:
An ancient story ....... maintained little right.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet starts with these words that he then wants to tell the story about King John. He ruled England by sheer force. He was responsible by doing much, that was wrong, very little that was right.

Lines 5 - 8:
And I'll tell you a story ....... fair Lond on town.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that he tells us a very funny story About Abbot of Canterbury. The King heard about his great reputation and wealth. His official brought him with great speed to London.

Lines 9 - 12:
A hundred men ....... waited the Abbot about.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that the King heard that the Abbot entertained a hundred man every day and the fifty servant dressed in the velvet and golden chains waited up on him.

Lines 13 -16:
'How now, father Abbot? ....... against my crown."
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that the King said to Abbot that he had heard that he lived evenmore magnificently than himself. He suspected that in order to win such reputation, he might have committed treason against him.

Lines 17 - 20:
'My liege', quoth the abbot ....... true-gotten gear'.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that the Bishop replied that he had always spent only what belonged to him. He hoped that his Majesty would not punish him for speaking his honestly earned wealth.

Lines 21- 24:
'Yes, yes, father abbot ....... smitten from thy body.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that the king said to the Abbot that he had committed a heinous crime and he deserved to die for it. If he does not not reply to his three questions, he would be beheaded.

Line 25 - 28:
'And first; quoth the king ....... penny what I am worth.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem. Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that first of all, he must tell the King to a penny what he is worth when he sits among his Noble subjects there with his precious crown on his head.

Lines 29 - 32:
'Secondly,' tell me, ....... what I do think.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that the king put the second question before Abbot and asked how much time he would require to ride around the earth. The third question asked by the king before him was that what he was thinking at the time.

Lines 33 - 36:
'0, these are hard questions ....... answer your grace.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that in response to three questions of the King, the Abbot replied that those were difficult question for a man of poor intelligence like him. He could not answer at the moment. So, he be given time of three weeks to reply.

Lines 37 - 40:
Now three weeks' space to ....... forfeit to me.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet Says that the king asked that he give him three weeks period. But it might be the longest time that he would live, because if he failed to reply the questions at the end of that period, he would die and his possessions would be confiscated.

Lines 41 - 44:
Away rode the abbot ....... an answer devise.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that the Abbot was sad and worried about the threats of the king and went away to find the answers of questions. He met many wise men very wise men at Cambridge and Oxford, but could not get answers from those learned men.

Lines 45 - 48:
The home rode ....... good King John.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that at last, the Abbot rode back home without finding any consolation. On the way, he met his shepherd. He welcomed the Bishop back home and asked him the news about the king.

Lines 49 - 52:
Sad news, sad news ....... from my body.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that when the Abbot returned home, he told his shepherd that he was much grieved to tell him that he had only three days to live. The reason being that if he could not answer King's three questions within three days, he would be beheaded.

Lines 53 - 56:
The first is to tell him there ....... he is worth.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that the Abbot tells the shepherd about the three question of the King which he had to answer. The first was that he had to tell the worth of king when he was sitting on his throne with his crown of gold on head and among his noble courtiers.

Lines 57 - 60:
The second, to tell him, ....... he does think.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the Bishop tells the shepherd about the second and third questions put before him by King John. The second question was that in what period of time, he would go round the world. The third question was that he might tell him unhesitatingly what he was thinking at that moment.

Lines 61 - 64:
Now cheer up, sir abbot! ....... answer your quarrel.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the shepherd asks the Abbot to be happy and says that had he never heard that even sometimes, a fool may teach a wise man some wisdom. Therefore, he requested the Abbot to lend him his horse, his servants and his official dress and to allow him to go London in his place to answer the King's questions.

Lines 65 - 68:
Nay, frown not, if it hath ....... fair London town.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the shepherd requests the Abbot that he might not doubt his ability. He also asked him not to feel angry with him because as people told that he resembled with him very, closely. If he would only lend him his gown, he would look exactly like him and no body in the good city of London would recognize him that he was not the Abbot of Canterbury.

Lines 59 - 72:
Now horses and serving men ....... our father the Pope.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that the Bishop agreed with the shepherd's suggestion. And told him that he would give him his horses and servants in their proper uniform. These brave and courageous men would serve him as attendants. The Bishop also promised him to give him his Crozier, miter, rochet and cope so that he might look exactly like the true Abbot even before the Pope.

Lines 73 - 76:
Now welcome, sir abbot ....... saved shall be.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that when the shepherd reached the court of King John in guise of Abbot, no one recognized him. The king welcomed him as Sir Abbot. He appreciated his coming on the appointed day. The King reminded him once again that his life would be spared and his property would be saved in case, he was able to answer his three questions.

Lines 77 - 80:
And first, when thou seest ....... what I am worth.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that the first questions which the king put to the shepherd was that he might tell him what was his worth while he was silting on his thrown among the courtiers of a noble birth and wearing the crown made of gold. King asked him to answer clearly, because he wanted to know his exact worth.

Lines 81 - 84:
For thirty pence, our Saviour ....... penny worse than He.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that shepherd told the king that he had heard that Jesus Christ was sold among the false Jews only for thirty pence. So his worth is twenty nine pence. Because, he might be one penny less than the prophet of God.

Lines 85 - 88:
The king then laughed, and ....... whole world about.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that the king laughed at the reply of shepherd. Then, swearing by Saint Bittel, he said that he had never thought that he was worth so little. After it, King John put his second question by asking that he should let him know how long it would take him to ride round the world.

Lines 89 - 92:
You must rise with the sun ....... you ride it about.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet has described the answer of the second question of King John. The shepherd told the king that he should rise with the sun and travel with its speed till it rises again in the next morning. In this way, the king would be able to travel round the whole world within twenty four hours.

Lines 93 - 96:
The king then laughed, and swore ....... what I do think.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet say that when the king heard the answer of the shepherd to his second question, he laughed and, swearing by Saint John, said that he had never thought that he could travel round the whole world in such a short time. Now, he put his third question and asked the shepherd to tell him truly, without any kind of hesitation, what he was thinking about at that time.

Lines 97 - 100:
Yes, that shall I do, and ....... pardon for him and for me.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that in response to King John's third question, the shepherd told him that he would certainly give him a proper answer which would also prove pleasant for him. He told the king that perhaps he was thinking that the Abbot himself was in his presence. But, actually, it was only the poor shepherd of his who was talking to him in the uniform of the Abbot. The shepherd begged his pardon for himself and for the Abbot of Canterbury.

Lines 101 - 104:
The king he laughed ....... write nor read."
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that on hearing the shepherd's reply to the third question, the king laughed once again and said to the shepherd that he wanted to appoint him as the Abbot of Canterbury in place of his master. But the shepherd requested him that he should not take such decision in a hurry. Because, he did not know reading and writing.

Lines 105 -108:
Four nobles a week, then, ....... from good King John.
Introduction: These lines have been taken from the poem "The Abbot of Canterbury", which is an Anonymous poem.
Explanation: In these lines, the poet says that when the shepherd did not accept the post of Abbot for himself then the king announced a pension of four nobles a week for him as a reward for his merry jest. He also announced a pardon for old Abbot and asked the shepherd to convey that happy news to his master, the Abbrot of Canterbury, from good when he returned back home.

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