Chapter No.8: Industrial Chemistry -Chemistry For Class X (2022 and Onward) - Multiple Choice Questions, Fill in the blanks, Concept Diagram

Go To Index
Industrial Chemistry
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQs)

Tick the correct answer from the following:
1. Soap is the term for a salt of a:
(a) carboxylic acid
(b) citric acid
(c) sulphuric acid
(d) fatty acid ✔

2. Surfactants reduce the ______ of water.
(a) viscosity
(b) surface tension ✔
(c) boiling point
(d) melting point

3. The carboxylate end of the soap molecule that is attracted to water is called:
(a) hydrophobic end
(b) endpoint
(c) hydrophilic end ✔
(d) None of them

4. The use of potassium hydroxide produced a:
(a) hard soap
(b) soft soap
(c) moderate soap
(d) All of these

5. The citric acid is used in the preparation of cold drinks for:
(a) sweet taste
(b) bitter taste
(c) sour taste ✔
(d) salty taste

6. The centrifuge machine used for separation of:
(a) juice
(b) pH
(c) mud
(d) crystal ✔

7. The abrasives are:
(a) water-soluble minerals
(b) water-insoluble minerals ✔
(c) water semi soluble minerals
(d) water absorbing minerals

8. The harvesting is the most important step of:
(a) preparation of soap
(b) preparation of cold drinks
(c) preparation of sugar ✔
(d) preparation of medicines

9. Which of the following is used as jet fuel?
(a) Kerosene oil ✔
(b) Diesel oil
(c) Fuel oil
(d) petrol

10. Which one of the following is not a fraction of crude oil?
(a) Paraffin wax
(b) Ammonia ✔
(c) Fuel oil
(d) Petroleum coke

11. _______ different products are manufactured through chemical industries.
(a) 10,000
(b) 100,000
(c) 70,000
(d) more than 70,000 ✔

12. Saponification is the reaction of _______with sodium or potassium hydroxide.
(a) triglycerides ✔
(b) glycerol
(c) soap
(d) None of them

13. Animal fats or vegetable oils are the most common sources of:
(a) citric acid
(b) triglycerides ✔
(c) glycerol
(d) All of them

14. The use of sodium hydroxide produced a:
(a) hard soap ✔
(b) soft soap
(c) moderate soap
(d) All of these

15. Animal fat tallows from cows, such as lard, are often used for/in:
(a) preparation of sugar
(b) distillation of petroleum
(c) soap making ✔
(d) preparation of medicine

16. It is mild, moisturizing and gives a low creamy lather:
(a) annual fats
(b) plant oils ✔
(b) caustic soda
(d) potassium hydroxide

17. It causes saponification and is an essential ingredient in soap making.
(a) Citric acid
(b) Lime
(c) Silica
(d) Caustic soda ✔

18. They help in removing grease and dirt from the skin.
(a) Animal fats
(b) Plant oils
(c) Additives
(d) Abrasives ✔

19. The preparation of sugar from sugarcane is composed of ____ steps.
(a) 6 ✔
(b) 5
(c) 4
(d) 3

20. Sugar crystals are separated in:
(a) vacuum pans
(b) centrifuge machine ✔
(c) evaporators
(d) fractionating towers

21. The basis of soft drinks, the syrup, is prepared by dissolving these ingredients into the water to:
(a) 25° Brix
(b) 45° Brix
(c) 65° Brix ✔
(d) 85° Brix

22. The term "petroleum" refers to:
(a) rock oil ✔
(b) ground oil
(c) sand oil
(d) deep oil

23. Petroleum is a liquid that is _____ than water yet _____ in it.
(a) heavier, soluble
(b) heavier, insoluble
(c) lighter, insoluble ✔
(d) lighter, soluble

24. Petroleum is mostly made up of:
(a) hydrogen and oxygen
(b) hydrogen and nitrogen
(c) hydrogen and silica
(d) hydrogen and carbon ✔

25. In petroleum, the percentage of carbon is found to be:
(a) 0.1 to 2%
(b) 10 to 14%
(c) 40 to 55%
(d) 83 to 85% ✔

26. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is the first and so far, only human illness to be declared eliminated globally.
(a) polio
(b) smallpox ✔
(c) Cholera
(d) AIDS

27. It is a key component in the combustion process.
(a) Air
(b) Oxygen
(c) Both 'a' & 'b' ✔
(d) None of them

FILL IN THE BLANKS

• The Chemical industry is the one responsible industry for converting raw valuable products.
• Soap is the term for a salts of a fatty acid or for a variety of cleansing and lubricating products produced from such a substance.
• Petroleum is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that can be refined into several chemical compounds.
• Petroleum is formed composition of dead animals and plants buried under the earth crust.
• Petroleum (crude oil) can be separated into several useful products by fractional distillation.
• The pharmaceutical industry plays a significant role in developing medications and vaccines to reduce the incidence of diseases, to treat diseases and enhance the quality of life of people.
• The pharmaceutical industry is the part of the healthcare sector that deals with medications.
• The pharmaceutical industry comprises different subfields pertaining to the development, production and marketing of medications.
• The pharmaceutical industry more or less interdependent subfields consist of drug manufacturers, drug marketers and biotechnology companies.

Abbreviations

• CNG: Compressed Natural Gas
• LPG: Liquified Petroleum Gas
• WHO: World Health Organization

COMPOUNDS WITH FORMULAS

• CH₄: Methane
• C₂H₆: Ethane
• C₃H₈: Propane
• C₄H₁₀: Butane
• C₈H₁₈: Octane (Gasoline - Petrol)
• C₁₀H₂₂: Decane (Naphtha)
• C₁₂H₂₆: Dodecane (Kerosene - Paraffin)
• C₁₆H₃₄: Hexadecane (Diesel oil)
• C₂₀H₄₂: Icosane (Fuel oil)
• NaOH: Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Soda)