Chapter No.8 - Culture Of Pakistan -Text Book Exercise - Pakistan Studies For Class X

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CULTURE OF PAKISTAN

Text Book Exercise

By Ustani G
(YouTube Channel)
Q.1: Describe the characteristics of culture?
Ans: CHARACTERISTICS OF CULURE:
The way of living of people is called culture. There are following characteristics of culture:

• A culture which has positive a force influences the other culture.
• New culture might emerge on contact with other culture.
• The individual identity of culture makes it popular among others.
• The culture with strong and permanent values absorbs the weak cultures.
• The Islamic culture prevailed in the past because the Muslim followed their religion and its great value.

Q.2: Why language is an important element of culture?
Ans: Language is an important element of culture for following reasons:

• • Language is the most important part of culture.
• • Language is the most effective means of expressing ideas, feeling, and emotions.
• • Language is the identity of a nation.
• • Every nation loves its language and takes all possible steps for its development.
• • All the languages spoken in a country form part of its culture.

Q.3: Write a note on the languages of Pakistan?
Ans: Languages of Pakistan:
There are more than 30 languages are spoken in Pakistan. The major provincial languages of our country include Sindhi, Punjabi, Balochi and Brahvi these languages represent their respective provinces are known as provincial languages.

1) Urdu:
The Aryans spoke Sanskrit Urdu derived from Sanskrit. Sanskrit changes under the influence of people living in south Asia and came to be known as Prakrit. With the passage of time Prakrit took four from. One of them was called brijbhasha which the Hindus and Muslims spoke. Brijbhasha changes so much during Shah Jahan’s rule that it became a new language called to be Urdu.

2) Sindhi:
Sindhi is one of the oldest south Asian languages. With the arrival of the Muslims the Sindhi language started taking strides and several Arabic Persian and Turkish words entered this language Sindhi is written in modified Arabic script Sindhi language has the distinction of being the first local language in which the Holy Quran was translated during the Muslim rule.

3) Punjabi:
The Language of the Punjab province is “Punjabi”. The Punjabi vocabulary includes words from Arabic, Turkish and Persian languages although there are minor differences of dialect in the Punjabi spoken in different part of Punjabi.

4) Balochi:
The Language of the Balochi tribes of Balochistan is Balochi. Besides, Balochi, Pashto, Brahvi and Sindhi language are also spoken in this province. Balochi is linked with the ancient languages that were spoken in the southern and Eastern Iran. The Baloch tribes came from north eastern Iran and settled in that region of south Asia which is now called Balochistan. They brought with them the ancient Balochi Language.

Q.4: Describe the importance of Urdu as a national language?
Ans: IMPORTANCE OF URDU AS A NATIONAL LANGUAGE:

1. Source of contact:
   Urdu is spoken in all the four provinces of Pakistan. It is the source of national unity, solidarity and stability.
2. Role in Pakistan Movement:
   In Pakistan movement Urdu was the most favored language.
3. Media communication:
   Urdu creating harmony among the people through television and radio.
4. International language:
   It is understood by a lot of people outside Pakistan too.
5. Common medium:
   It is common medium for people to talk and get education.
6. Coordination:
   Urdu serves as the medium of coordination between different provinces.

Q.5: What are the common cultural manifestations in the national life?
Ans: Islam has united the people of Pakistan in a fraternal relation. The following cultural manifestation is common in the national life.

• Mixed Culture:
  People from different regions having different cultures are settled in Pakistan. With the passage of time mixed culture is emerging now.
• Status of Men and Women:
  Men are the head of family and women are the head of home. The rights and duties of men and women are determined in our religion.
• Social Life:
  Joint family system is common in Pakistan. Men earn the livelihood and women take care of the children at home.
• Food:
  Wheat, rice, meat vegetables, pulses. Eating habits are also common.
• Entertainments:
  Our entertainments are also common like Cricket, Hockey, and Football. Beside people watch T.V and Radio.
• Religious Events: We have religious events; e.g. Eid-ul-Fitar, Eid-ul-Adha. Besides, the occasion of birth and deaths are similar.
• Media of Communication: Radio, T.V, Newspaper, Magazines and means of transport all are playing their part in developing common nation culture.
• Single message of love and brotherhood: All the writers convey the message of higher aims of life to people so that there is Love, Peace, harmony, brotherhood, justice, tolerance and humanity among them.

Q.6: Write down a note on the arts and crafts of Pakistan?
Ans: Arts of Pakistan:
Arts or fine arts include painting, calligraphy, architecture and music. Pakistani artists are famous for their painting, calligraphy, Quranic calligraphy, traditional architecture, music, stone carving and preparation of ornaments with metal and iron. TV and stage drams have also promoted fine arts.

Crafts of Pakistan:
Pakistan is also famous for its handicrafts. Sindhi ajrak and glass cutwork on clothes are very fine and popular. Embroidery and glass cutwork of K.P.K are also very popular. Multan is famous for camel skin lamps. Bahawalpur is famous for its painted vessels. Chiniot is famous for engraved furniture. The handicrafts of Pakistan are also a source of earning foreign exchange.

Q.7: Describe the importance of festivals as a part of our culture?
Ans: Many festivals are held in Pakistan every year. These occasions provide entertainment and joy to the people of Pakistan.
(1) Eid-ul-Fitr:
It is celebrated after the month of Ramadan ends and on the first of Shawwal. This is a reward in the form of blessings of Allah to those Muslims who fasted for the whole month of Ramadan. People wear good dresses eat vermicelli’s and exchange gifts poor people are helped in cash and kind by the rich.

(2) Eid-ul-Azha:
It is celebrated on the 10^th of the month of Zil-Hajj in the memory of the great sacrifice of Hazrat Ibrahim when he offered to sacrifice the life of his dearest son Hazrat Ismail to fulfill the decree of Almighty Allah on Eid-ul-Azha people sacrifice animals and distribute meat among their relatives, friends, neighbors and the poor. The sacrifices is offered for three days i.e. 10^th, 11^th, and 12^th Zil-hajj

(3)Eid Milad-un-Nabi:
It is celebrated on 12th of the Islamic month of Rib-ul-Awwal with great love and devotion. It is celebrated to express happiness on the birth of our Holy prophet. Hazrat Muhammad (S.A.W.S) Homes, streets and bazaars are decorated and illuminated Religious meetings are held it is celebrated with great devotion and zeal.

FILL IN THE BLANKS:

1) Pakistan’s national language is Urdu.
2) Pakistan’s culture is a mixed culture.
3) The national dress of Pakistan is Shalwar and Kameez.
4) In Pakistan more than 30 languages are spoken.
5) In Balochistan two languages Balochi and Pashtu are spoken.
6) The two great poets of Balochi are Mast Tawakkali and Gul Khan Naseer.
7) Shah Husain was a great Punjabi poet.
8) After independence Sindhi language has made a lot of progress in prose and poem.
9) Most of the people in Pakistan eat simple food.
10) A single message of love and brotherhood has been conveyed by our saints in different languages.
11) Eid-ul-Fitar is celebrated in the month of Shawwal.
12)Christians celebrate Christmas on December 25.

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