English (Compulsory) For Class IX - Unit 5 - Healthy Life Style - Words / Meanings and Summary

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Health Problems Caused by Mosquitoes

Words / Meanings

S.NO.	Words	Meanings
1.	Antibodies	Proteins normally present in the body or produced in response to an antigen which it neutralizes, thus producing an immune response. or Substances in the blood that fight against diseases.
2.	Burst	Rupture
3.	Cerebral	Of or relating to brain
4.	Chills	Feeling of coldness during high fever
5.	Circulatory	Relating to the circulation of blood
6.	Clarification	Make something clear and easy to understand.
7.	Clot	A thick mass of coagulated liquid, especially blood. or A lump formed in the blood, which stops or disturbs the flow of blood.
8.	Contact	Touch in some way.
9.	Contagious	Transmissible by contact. or A disease that can spread by touch.
10.	Constipation	A condition in which there is difficulty in emptying the bowels, usually with hardened feces. or Not able to discharge solid waste from the body.
11.	Curable	Remediable. or Treatable
12.	Dawn to dusk	From early morning until early evening
13.	Disorientation	Loss of sense of direction
14.	Display	To present to view. To put up something in a place where people can see it easily.
15.	Dysfunction	Abnormal function of a - body organ or system, or Problem in the working of some part of the body.
16.	Fatal	Causing death or ending in death,
17.	Hygienic	Healthy
18.	Identical	Similar. or The same.
19.	Immune	Having resistance to pathogen. Cannot be harmed by a disease because the body has developed the ability to fight it.
20.	Infected	Affected with a disease-causing organism
21.	Intonation	Use and fall of the voice in speaking.
22.	Intense	Very great or severe.
23.	Inflammation	Swelling. A condition in which a part of the body is red, swollen and sore.
24.	Nausea	A feeling of sickness with an inclination to vomit. or A feeling of wanting to be sick.
25.	Parasite	An organism that lives in or on an organism of another species. or An animal or plant that lives on or in another and gets its food from it.
26.	Polluted	To make harmful to living things
27.	Precaution	Safeguard
28.	Predicate	A part of the statement that says something about the subject.
29.	Preventable	Able to be prevented or avoided.
30.	Prevention	The act of stopping or preventing something
31.	Pronounced	Strongly marked; distinct. or Very noticeable
32.	Recover	Return to a normal state of health, mind, or strength.
33.	Reciprocal	Act the language according to the situation.
34.	Relevant	Relating to or bearing upon the matter in hand.
35.	Repellent	Able to repel
36.	Replicate	Make an exact copy of; Reproduce
37.	Respiratory	Relating to or affecting respiration. Breathing related.
38.	Saliva	Watery liquid secreted into mouth by glands. Liquid produced in the mouth that helps one swallow and digest food.
39.	Severe	Intense
40.	Shivering	Shaking slightly
41.	Stagnant	Not flowing. Standing in one place, not flowing or moving.
42.	Sweating	Perspiring
43.	Symptom	Indication of disease
44.	Transfusion	Transfer of blood. Putting of one person's blood into another person's body.
45.	Transmit	Pass on. To pass something from one person, place or thing to another.
46.	Vomiting	Eject matter from the stomach through the mouth

Summary

The lesson is about the causes and symptoms of malaria, dengue and chikungunya. ln malaria, Plasmodium attacks red blood cells. Colds are accompanied by a high fever. As malaria progresses, liver infections can occur.
Dengue is also transmitted by mosquitoes and can spread from one person to another. The virus attacks white blood cells. It affects the body's immune system. High fever is accompanied by body pain. Pain behind the eyes also occurs. The patient may have headaches and breathing problems. Bleeding may occur from the nose and gums. Bleeding can kill a person.
Chikungunya mosquitoes live in stagnant and polluted water. It is not a contagious disease. Its viruses affect muscle cells, joints, skin and central nervous system. It causes fever and skin rashes. The patient suffers from headache, nausea and vomiting. It is not a fatal disease.
There is no medicine available to prevent these diseases. We can avoid these diseases by taking precautions. We should wear full clothes. We should not let water stand in our surroundings. If we have any of these diseases, we should contact our doctor immediately.

English (Compulsory) For Class IX - Unit 4 - The Great Visionaries - Text Book Exercise

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The Great Visionaries

Text Book Exercise

UNIT 4.1 READING COMPREHENSION
Pre-reading:
A visionary is a person who can think about or plan the future with imagination and/ or wisdom.

1. What qualities does a visionary have? Work in groups of three and decide which of the quality given in the web below is the most important for a visionary leader to have and which is the least important. Add one more quality that is not given. Number all the listed qualities in order of priority, with 1 being the most important and 13 being the least important.
Ans: Visionary have following qualities:
1. Clear goal: is the most important quality for a visionary leader.
2. Vision
3. Integrity
4. Clear communication
5. Interest and need
6. Focus on team
7. Encouragement
8. Support
9. Stimulating work
10. Expects the best
11. Risk taking
12. Inspiration
13. Recognition
14. Good example: is the least important quality for a visionary leader.

2. Fill the first two columns of the following table about Quaid-e-Azam and Allama lqbal. After you have filled the two columns, share with your partner.

What I think I know	What I want to know	What I learned
Personality	Personal life	Personality and achievements
True leaders	As a visionary leader	Political Acumen and contributions
Struggled for Pakistan	Their sacrifices	Great visionary leaders
Quaid-e-Azam Father of nation and Allama Iqbal A national poet and a great leader	Their achievements	Aspiration For Muslims
Achieved Pakistan	The quality than help them to achieved Pakistan	Quiad e Azam - founder of Pakistan and Allama Iqbal - Demand seaparate state for Muslims of India first

While Reading
Exercise 1:
Complete the table given in task 2 of the Pre-Reading section: What did you learn after reading the text? Share your table with your partner.
Ans: Check above table.

Exercise 2:
Read the text and find out the names of the students who collected information on the following topics. Write the answers in your notebook.
a. Personality and achievements of the Quaid
Ans: Tahira

b. Political acumen and contribution of Allama lqbal
Ans: Farheen

c. The Quaid's aspirations for the Muslims
Ans: Huma

d. Allama lqbal's aspirations for the Muslims
Ans: Tahira

e. Personality and achievements of Allama lqbal
Ans: Lubna

f. The Quaid's political acumen and contribution
Ans: Tahira

Vocabulary
Exercise 3:
Read the text. Find the following words and underline them. Work with your partner and guess the meanings of these words. Then check the meanings given in the glossary at the end of the book to see if you have guessed correctly.

S.NO.	Words	Meanings
1.	Accomplishments	Successful achievements
2.	Acumen	The ability to make good judgments and take quick decisions, The ability to understand things quickly and clearly.
3.	Aspiration	A hope or ambition, Strong desires.
4.	Culminating	Resulting in achieving what is wanted.
5.	Discrimination	The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, Different treatment for different people.
6.	Distinction	Excellence or eminence, Difference.
7.	Dynamic	Characterized by forcefulness of personality, Having a lot of energy.
8.	Envisioned	Visualized, Imagined as a future possibility.
9.	Guiding principles	A standard by which something is evaluated or measured, Rules that take the direction one takes.
10.	Homage	Special honour or respect shown publicly, Something said or done to show great respect.
11.	Impartiality	Equal treatment, Not favouring any one person.
12.	Implement	Put into effect
13.	Pluralistic	Relating to or advocating a system in which two or more states, groups, principles, sources of authority, etc., coexist, Different groups of people living together in peace.
14.	Polarization	Division into two sharply prevail contrasting groups or sets' of opinions or beliefs, Separation into two opposite groups.
15.	Prevail	To be widespread
16.	Proponent	One who argue in support of something, A person who supports a cause.
17.	Quest	A long or arduous search
18.	Recall	Remember
19.	Steadfastness	Loyalty in the face of trouble and difficulty, Firmly staying on one path.
20.	Transform	Change or alter in form or Change into something else.
21.	Undesired	Not wanted, Unacceptable/ unwelcome.
22.	Unparalleled	Exceptional, So great that there is nothing else like it.
23.	Versatile	Having great diversity, Moving easily from one subject, skill, or occupation to another.
24.	Victimization	To make a victim of, Unfair suffering.

Exercise 4:
Work in groups of four. Each student should write six sentences in their notebook. Follow the steps given below: Give a number from 1-4 to each member of the group. Next each member of the group should use six of these words in their own sentences, as follows:

• Student No. 1 should use word numbers 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21
• Student No. 2 should use word numbers 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22
• Student No. 3 should use word numbers 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23
• Student No. 4 should use word numbers 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24

S.NO.	Words	Sentences
1.	Accomplishments	Discipline is the bridge between goals and accomplishment. or Every accomplishment starts with the decision to try.
2.	Acumen	Ahmed's prosperity was built on business acumen and new industries. or He has the acumen to make sound business decisions.
3.	Aspiration	She was filled with the aspiration to succeed in life. or Although Sara has the aspiration of going to medical school, but she isn’t making efforts needed to achieve her aim.
4.	Culminating	The sun reaches the culminating point at noon. or Her hard working culminated when she won the first position in class.
5.	Discrimination	The law prohibits discrimination against the disabled people.
6.	Distinction	She passed the exam with distinction in all subjects. or There is no appreciable distinction between the twins.
7.	Dynamic	A dynamic government is necessary to meet the demands of a changing society. or He was a dynamic personality in the business world.
8.	Envisioned	As a brilliant boy, Zain envisioned him a successful doctor.
9.	Guiding principles	Quran and hadiths are the guiding principle for every Muslim of the world. or We must set some guiding principles for the way in which we live better life.
10.	Homage	The gift is an homage of the heart for a person. or Every year on Defence day, all Pakistani pay homage to martyrs.
11.	Impartiality	Impartiality is essential for the justice.
12.	Implement	The best implement for digging a garden is a spade. or He failed to implement the plan.
13.	Pluralistic	We need to take a pluralistic approach to education.
14.	Polarization	The polarization of society into rich and poor can clearly be seen in society.
15.	Prevail	The human spirit has prevailed over technology in 21st century.
16.	Proponent	Hassan was identified as a leading proponent of the values of progressive education.
17.	Quest	He travelled across continents in his quest for adventure.
18.	Recall	He tried to recall the layout of the farmhouse.
19.	Steadfastness	Soldiers are the lessons of steadfastness and trust, honor and humor and, above all, grace under pressure.
20.	Transform	There is no magic formula that will transform sorrow into happiness.
21.	Undesired	Inflation is considered to be undesirable because of its adverse effects on income distribution.
22.	Unparalleled	The new telescope offers an unparalleled opportunity to conduct research.
23.	Versatile	He's a versatile actor who has played a wide variety of parts.
24.	Victimization	They are using e - mail , text messaging and social networking sites in new forms of victimization.

Exercise 5:
Tick the correct column for the statements given in the table.:

S.NO.	Statement	True	False
1.	Jinnah wanted Muslims to have more rights in Pakistan.		False
2.	Zoya and Amber offered to find information about Allama lqbal.		False
3.	Quaid-e-Azam first joined the Congress and then the Muslim League.	True
4.	Both Quaid-e-Azam and Allama lqbal were barristers.	True
5.	AIlama lqbal wrote two letters to Quaid-e-zam in 1938.		False
6.	In his letters he said that Muslims should demand a separate state.		False

Exercise 6:
The following tables have quotes from the speeches of Quaid-e-Azam and Allama lqbal. The first part of each quote is in table A and the second part in table B. Work in pairs and complete the quotes. Write the alphabet in the Answer Column in Table A.
Now work in pairs and find out who said these words. Write 'Q' for Quaid-e-Azam and 'A' for Allama lqbal in the 'Person' column in Table B.

Table A

S.NO.	Quote part 1	Answer
1.	You are free; you are free to go to your temples,	d
2.	To me he was a friend, guide and philosopher,	f
3.	The Muslim demand to create a Muslim India within India	a
4.	At difficult moments in their history, it is Islam	e
5.	My guiding principle will be	c
6.	I am sure that with your support and cooperation, I can look forward	g
7.	We are all citizens	b

Table B

S.NO.	Quote part 2	Person
a.	is in no way without justice.	A
b.	and equal citizens of on state.	Q
c.	justice and complete impartiality.	Q
d.	you are free to go to your mosques or to any other place of worship in this state of Pakistan.	Q
e.	that has saved Muslims and not Muslims that have saved Islam.	A
f.	and during the darkest moments through which the Muslim League had to go, he stood like a rock.	Q
g.	to Pakistan becoming one of the greatest nations of the world.	Q

Exercise 7:
Go back to exercise 6 and find out when and where these words spoken. After this write seven complete sentences in your notebook like this:

1. On August, 1947, in the Constitution Assembly of Pakistan, the Quaid-e-Azam said these words.
2. In 1938, in a message on Allama lqbal's death, the Quaid-e-Azam said these words.
3. In 1930, at the Allahabad meeting of All-India Muslim League, Allama lqbal said these words in his address.
4. Quaid-e-Azam said these words.
5. Quaid-e-Azam said these words.
6. On August, 1947, in the Constitution Assembly of Pakistan, the Quaid-e-Azam said these words.
7. On August, 1947, in the Constitution Assembly of Pakistan, the Quaid-e-Azam said these words.

Exercise 8:
Work in pairs and orally discuss the reasons for the following statements. After you have discussed the reasons, rewrite the following statements in your notebooks by stating the reasons. The first one has been done as an example.
1. Jinnah's achievement is unparalleled in recent history
Ans: because, unlike most other leaders who only freed their countries from foreign rule, he not only got freedom but also managed to create a new state for the Muslims.

2. The Quaid was greatly respected by the people of all faiths
Ans: due to his tolerance and acceptance of all faith and religions. He was very clear in his vision that he did not want non- Muslims in Pakistan to suffer as the Muslim minority suffered in India.
He knew that breaking nation into groups and circles based on cast or religion. So, he demanded a progressive, democratic and tolerant society that retained its Muslim character and give equal rights, equal opportunities, and equal respect to its non-Muslim citizens.
In the flag of Pakistan, white colour along with green show the world that this new state wholeheartedly considers non-Muslim as equal citizens of the state with their rights.

3. Quaid-e-Azam left the Indian National Congress.
Ans: because as an outstanding political leader, he very soon realized that the Indian National Congress was leading the Hindus of the sub-continent towards Hindu-Muslim polarization. This would result in political and economic victimization of the Muslims in the region. Therefore, he decided to leave the Congress and join the Muslim League.

4. Despite strong opposition by the British and the Hindus, Quaid-e-Azam succeeded in creating Pakistan.
Ans: because he was very intelligent and understood that Hindu as a majority did not give religion's rights to Muslims in sub-continent. They are two different nation, so he demanded separate homeland for Muslims and fought and struggled relentlessly to achieve his goal.

5. Allama lqbal could point out some of the defects in the philosophical systems of the West.
Ans: Allama Iqbal is well-versed in philosophy, both Eastern and Western. He pointed out some of the defects in the philosophical systems of the West. He also got a doctorate degree from Munich University for his work on Persian philosophy. After observing injustice behavior of India with Indian Muslims, he also put forward the philosophy of Pakistan and asked Quaid-e-Azam to make it a reality.

(Note: Allama Iqbal pointed out some of the defects in the philosophical system of the West, as:
Dr. lqbal said, "India is a continent of human groups belonging to different races, speaking different languages, and believing in different religions. Their behave is not governed by a common race feelings. The philosophy of western democracy could not be applied to India without recognizing the fact of different groups. The Muslim demand to create a Muslim India within India is in no way without justice. For my part I would like to go one step further; I would like to see the Punjab, North West Frontier Province, Sindh and Baluchistan unite under a single Muslim State". This demand shocked both the Hindus and the British alike and they both opposed it.)

6. Dr. lqbal did not seek re-election to the Punjab Legislative Council.
Ans: Allama lqbal took an active part in politics and worked for the cause of the Muslims of South Asia. He was elected as a member of the Punjab Legislative Council in 1926, a post he held till 1929. By then, he had become deeply involved with the Muslim League activities. Due to his commitment to the cause of Muslim rights in India, he was soon elected as the President of the Punjab branch of the All India Muslim League, a post he held till the time of his death.

7. One of lqbal's biggest political contributions is his Allahabad address.
Ans: which he delivered in 1930, when he presided over the Allahabad meeting of the All-India Muslim League. It was on this historic occasion that he made a definite demand for a separate Muslim State in South Asia.
Dr. lqbal said, "India is a continent of human groups belonging to different races, speaking different languages, and believing in different religions..... The Muslim demand to create a Muslim India within India is in no way without justice. For my part I would like to go one step further; I would like to see the Punjab, North West Frontier Province, Sindh and Baluchistan unite under a single Muslim State".

8. Allama lqbal wanted the Muslims to put their faith in Islam.
Ans: In his Allahabad address he said: "I have learned one lesson from the history of Muslims. At difficult moments in their history, it is Islam that has saved Muslims and not Muslims that have saved Islam. If, today, you put your faith in Islam, you will become strong and united once again and save yourself from complete destruction."

Exercise 9: Work in groups of three and make mind-maps on the following aspects of both these great personalities.
(1) Quaid - e - Azam

• Qualities as a person
• Vision for Pakistan
• What should we do to make Pakistan great
  
  
  

(2) Allama Iqbal

• Academic achievements
• Dream about Pakistan
• Advice to Muslims
  
  
  

Ans: Quaid - e - Azam

Qualities as a person

• Quaid-i-Azam Mohammed Ali Jinnah was a great human and the great visionary and outstanding political leader of the Pakistan Movement.
• The personality of Quaid-e-Azam has very simple but graceful. He was one of the most dynamic personalities of South Asia.
• He was a man of word who had changed the map of the world and established a new state. He is the real hero for the nation.
• Quaid-e-Azam was a devoted person and had soft and kind hearted personality. He was known as the best Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity, due to his tolerance and acceptance of all faiths
• He was a role model and aspiration for a whole nation and an important figure in any standard of living, his versatile personality achieved many successes in many walks of life.
• He was very intelligent and succeeded in getting Pakistan, despite strong opposition from the two big power players in British India; the ruling British and the majority Hindus.
• He has a principle-liking personality and was the man having discipline and tolerance. He has the real feelings of sympathy to the Muslims of Subcontinent.
• The special quality of Quaid-e-Azam’s personality is that he was the honest person. He was the loyal and always tried to solve the matters with honesty. His decision was depended on truth.

Vision for Pakistan

• Quaid-i-Azam envisioned Pakistan, as a 'nation state' ensuring equal rights for all citizens of Pakistan.
• He also wanted Pakistan to be a state where justice and merit prevailed.
• He wanted the people of Pakistan to be united and to work towards making this new country, an exemplary state.
• He said:
  
  "My guiding principle will be justice and complete impartiality and I am sure that with your support and cooperation, I can look forward to Pakistan becoming one of the greatest nations of the world."

What should we do to make Pakistan great

• We should follow the guiding principle of Quaid e Azam to make Pakistan great.
• It is now our responsibility to set the future directions for this great country by implementing the Quaid's vision of Pakistan.
• If we truly want to pay homage to our great Quaid, we should try and do the things he wanted us to do and not merely praise what he did.
• On every Independence Day, we should think of what we need to do to take Pakistan forward on the way to peace a prosperity.

Allama Iqbal

Academic achievements

• Allama Muhammad lqbal, the poet of the East was, no doubt, a great poet and a philospher.
• He began his professional career as a Professor of Arabic at the Oriental College, Lahore, after doing his M.A., in 1899.
• In 1905, he went to London to study law and received a law degree. He thus became a barrister by profession.
• This versatile person continued his quest for knowledge in various fields.
• In 1908, he was awarded a Ph.D. degree by the Munich University, in Germany, for his work on Persian philosophy. That is why he is also known as Dr. Muhammad lqbal.

Dream about Pakistan

• Allama Muhammad Iqbal is the spiritual and intellectual founder of Pakistan. He dream is an independent Muslim state Pakistan.
• One of lqbal's biggest political contributions is his Allahabad address, which he delivered in 1930. It was on this historic occasion in which he expressed his dreams and demand for a separate Muslim State in South Asia.
• In his presidential address, Dr. lqbal said:
  
  "India is a continent of human groups belonging to different races, speaking different languages, and believing in different religions."
• He further said:
  
  "The Muslim demand to create a Muslim India within India is in no way without justice. For my part I would like to go one step further; I would like to see the Punjab, North West Frontier Province, Sindh and Baluchistan unite under a single Muslim State".
• Iqbal's dream took such firm root that at meeting in Lahore, on March 23, 1940, the Muslim League passed a resolution demanding a separate state for the Muslims of India. This resolution is known as the Pakistan Resolution.
• From this point onward, after his death all efforts were directed to achieved his dream, which was come true on August 14, 1947, the creation of independent Muslim country Pakistan.

Advice to Muslims

• Allama lqbal had a great love for Islam; he always advised the Muslims to remain true to their faith, and to practice it in letter and spirit.
• In his Allahabad address he said:
  
  "I have learned one lesson from the history of Muslims. At difficult moments in their history, it is Islam that has saved Muslims and not Muslims that have saved Islam. If, today, you put your faith in Islam, you will become strong and united once again and save yourself from complete destruction."

UNIT 4.2 LISTENING AND SPEAKING
Focus: Asking and responding to questions of academic nature
Work in groups of eight/ ten students. A press conference will be conducted by each group of ten students. Three/ four of the students in each group will be representing one ministry while five/ six will be reporters from the media (both press and television). Each group will represent one of the following ministries:

• Ministry of Health
• Ministry of Power
• Ministry of Water
• Ministry of Sanitation
• Ministry of Education

The students representing the ministry will all say one thing that their ministry is doing or plans to do.Each reporter will then ask the panelists at least two questions and they will have to answer their questions.
Each group should brainstorm and decide what the panelists will say, what questions the reporters will ask. and what answers will be given. Practice the dialogues in your groups.
Once the groups are ready, each group will come up and role play their press Conference. Students from the other groups will be the audience and they can also ask questions from the panelists.

Ans: Press Conference
Topic: COVID-19 
answer will upload soon




UNIT 4.3 LANGUAGE PRACTICE
REVISION:
Fluency practice for changing the voice in sentences
Exercise 1:
Change the voice of the sentence without changing the meaning.

• Divide the class into 2 groups. Group A and Group B
• Each group must write up a list of 8-10 sentences.
• The list should contain active voice sentences and passive voice sentences.
• Group A will say a sentence
• Group B must change the voice of the sentence and say it out loud.
• Next it is group B's turn to call out a sentence and Group A must change it.

For example:
Group A : Aliya ate the grapes
Group B: The grapes were eaten by Aliya

• passive verb = be + passive participle e.g. is cleaned, were given (Pattern = Simple Present and Past Tense)
• future = will + be + passive participle e.g. will be given, will be told (Pattern = Simple Future Tense)

Tense	Active	Passive
Present simple	give	is given
Present continuous	is giving	is being given
Present perfect	has given	has been given
Past simple	gave	was given
Past continuous	was giving	was being given
Past perfect	had given	had been given

Ans: For Active And Passive Voice Practice Click Below Link:

Active And Passive Voice

Exercise 2:
Work in pairs and complete the following news report using the correct form of the passive, using the verbs given in brackets. Write the correct news report in your notebook.
The northern part of the country was hit (hit) by a massive earthquake this morning. The entire infrastructure ______ (damage) very badly. The roads ______ (break). The telephone lines ______ (destroy), and the mobile services ______ (disrupt). The people _____ (scare) as many aftershocks _____ (expect). Food, water and medical aid _____ (rush) to the area. An appeal ______ (make) by the government asking people not to panic. Work _____ (do) by the army to enable reaching of aid to the remote areas. Funds _____ (release) by the government to help people in this hour of grief.

Ans: The northern part of the country was hit by a massive earthquake this morning. The entire infrastructure had been damaged very badly. The roads had been broken. The telephone lines had been destroyed, and the mobile services had been disrupted. The people were scared as many aftershocks were expected. Food, water and medical aid were being rushed to the area. An appeal was made by the government asking people not to panic. Work was being done by the army to enable reaching of aid to the remote areas. Funds were being released by the government to help people in this hour of grief.

Exercise 3:
Read the following story. Then, work with a partner and orally complete Samina's report to the police, using the passive form. Use the verbs from the story. Write the complete report in your notebook.
Samina hired a new servant. She asked her to submit a copy of her identity card. The servant gave her a copy. She gave her someone else's card. Unfortunately, Samina did not check all the details.
After a few days the servant asked for a loan. Samina refused to give her a loan. The following week, the servant told her a sad story and again asked for some money. She told the servant not to come to work from the next day. When Samina went to her room after a couple of hours, she found it in a mess, with all her things on the floor. The servant had emptied her cupboard. She had taken away all the money and the jewellery.

This is what Samina said to the police when they asked her for details:
A new servant was hired by me. She ____ to submit a copy of her identity card. A copy _____ by her. I _____ someone else's card to me by her. Unfortunately, the details ______ by me.
After a few days, I ______ by the servant for a loan. The loan _____ by me. The following week, I ____ told a sad story by the servant and again I _____ for some money. The servant ______ not to come to work from the next day. When I went to my room, after a couple of hours it _____ in a mess, with all the things on the floor. The cupboard ______ by her. All the money and the jewellery ______ by her.

Ans: A new servant was hired by me. She was asked to submit a copy of her identity card. A copy was given by her. I was given someone else's card by her. Unfortunately, the details were not checked by me.
After a few days, I was asked by the servant for a loan. The loan was refused to give by me. The following week, I was told a sad story by the servant and again I was asked for some money. The servant was told not to come to work from the next day. When I went to my room, after a couple of hours it was found in a mess, with all the things on the floor. The cupboard had been emptied by her. All the money and the jewellery had been taken by her.

Prefixes
We sometimes add a pair or group of alphabets at the beginning of a word to add something to the meaning of a word. These are called prefixes.
Examples:

• re+try = retry
• re+group = regroup
• mis+spell = misspell
• mis+trust = mistrust

We can also use a prefix to form the opposite of a word.
Examples:

• dis+join = disjoin
• dis+allow = disallow
• un+tidy = untidy
• un+clear = unclear

Exercise 4:
A. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the prefix 're' with the appropriate given words. One has been done as an example.
tell, do, claim, apply, print, arrange
1. The government is trying to reclaim land from the sea in Karachi.
2. The company had to reprint this book three times.
3. I advised my friend to reapply for a teaching position in our school.
4. My father likes to retell his childhood stories to his grandchildren.
5. Saira and Khalida decided to rearrange the furniture in their room.
6. The teacher told the class to redo the exercise.

B. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the prefix 'mis' with the appropriate given words.
treat, match, behave, understand, place
1. When children misbehave they are often punished by their parents.
2. My brothers always misplace their mobile phones.
3. There is a mismatch between their income and expenditure.
4. Many people misunderstand their leader's message.
5. It is not right to mistreat servants.

C. Fill the blanks in the following exercise by using the prefix 'inter' with the appropriate given words.
national, faith, personal, city, dependent
1. The intercity bus service is very good in some countries.
2. There is more international travel today than about fifty years ago.
3. For success in any work good interpersonal skills are needed.
4. The quality of goods and their price are interdependent.
5. Interfaith understanding is very important for peace in the world.

English (Compulsory) For Class IX - Unit 4 - The Great Visionaries - Questions And Answers

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The Great Visionaries

Questions And Answers

Q.1: What message did the Quaid-e-Azam give on 11^th August 1947?
Ans: On August 11, 1947, the Quaid-e-Azam gave the message of the right to freedom of religion, in these words

"you are free, you are free to go to your temples, you are free to go to your mosques or to any other place of worship in this state of Pakistan. You may belong to any religion or caste or creed that has nothing to do with the business of the state. We are starting in the days when there is no discrimination no distinction between one community and another. We are starting with this fundamental principle that we are all citizens and equal citizens of one state".

Q.2: Why was Quaid-e-Azam called an Ambassador of the Hindu-Muslim unity?
Ans: The Quaid-e-Azam wanted to bring the Hindus and the Muslims closer and nearer. He worked sincerely for the unity of them. That's why he was called 'The Ambassador of the Hindu-Muslim unity.

Q.3: What was the idea, the Quaid-e-Azam wanted to keep in front?
Ans: The Quaid-e-Azam wanted every citizen of Pakistan to be known and called as the citizen of the state - Pakistan.

Q.4: How was the Quaid-e-Azam looking forward to Pakistan?
Ans: The Quaid-e-Azam was sure that with the support and cooperation of the people, Pakistan could became one of the greatest nations of the world.

Q.5: What was Quaid-e-Azam's vision about the different communities?
Ans: After Pakistan came into being in 1947, Quaid-e-Azam repeatedly promised complete equality to all the citizens. Quaid-e-Azam's vision about the different communities is unambiguous which were:
1. The state would be completely impartial to religion of the individual.
2. The state where every citizen would be equal and there would be no distinction between citizen on the basis of faith or caste or creed.

Q.6: What do you know about the academic achievement of Allama Iqbal?
Ans: After completing his early education in his home town, Sialkot, Allama lqbal went to Government College, Lahore in 1895. He passed M.A. in 1899 from the university of Punjab. In 1905, he left for England for higher studies and got a law degree from London. In 1908, Munich University awarded him Ph.D. degree for his work on Persian Philosophy.

Q.7: Allama lqbal was a philosopher. Comment.
Ans: Allama lqbal was well-versed in philosophy, both eastern and western. He pointed out the defects in some of the philosophical systems of the west. He also got a doctorate degree from Munich University for his work on Persian philosophy. He also put forward the philosophy of Pakistan and asked Quaid-e-Azam to make it a reality.

Q.8: What was Allama lqbal's political role in the creation of Pakistan?
Ans: Allama Iqbal took an active part in politics and worked for the Muslims of South Asia courageously. He was elected president of the Punjab' branch of the All India Muslim League. In his presidential address of Muslim League meeting at Allahabad in 1930, he made a definite demand for a separate state of the Muslims of South Asia.

Q.9: What were the main points of Allama lqbal's address of 1930 at Allahabad?
Ans: (i) India is a continent of human groups belonging to different races, whose behaviour is not governed by a common race feeling.
(ii) The principle of European democracy thus can not be applied to India.
(iii) I would like to see the Punjab, NWFP, Sindh and Baluchistan united under a single Muslim state because the Muslims are anxious to have a separate state.

Q.10: What did Allama lqbal say about Islam in his presidential address in 1930?
Ans: Allama lqbal said, "I have learnt one lesson from the history of the Muslims. At difficult moments in their history it is Islam that has saved Muslims and not Muslims that have saved Islam. If today you put your faith in Islam, you will become strong and united once again and save yourselves from complete destruction".

Q.11: Why did Allama lqbal want a separate state for the Muslims of India? Why did Allama lqbal demand for Pakistan?
Ans: Allama lqbal was fully aware of the problems of Indian Muslims. He knew very well that the Hindus would never allow them to develop freely. He wanted to save Muslims from the rule of non-Muslims. The Muslims awoke from their sleep as a result of lqbal's efforts.

Q.12: Why is Allama lqbal respected all over Pakistan?
Ans: Allama lqbal played a major part in the creation of Pakistan. He made a definite demand for Pakistan for the first time in 1930. Afterwards he convinced Quaid-e-Azam to work for the independence. He is, therefore, respected for his great contribution towards making Pakistan.

Q.13: Write down a few sentences on Allama lqbal.
Ans: Allama lqbal was a great poet, philosopher and politician. He believed that faith in Islam made the Indian Muslims one nation, separate and apart from the Hindus. He always advised Muslims to remain true to their faith. He played a major role in the creation of Pakistan.

Q.14: Allama lqbal was a very good Muslim. Comment.
Ans: Allama lqbal had great love for Islam and was completely devoted to it. Both his prose and poetry reflect this devotion. He saved the Muslims from the slavery of the Hindus. He also had a great love and respect for the Prophet (peace be upon him).

Q.15: How did Quaid-e-Azam praise Allama lqbal's role in a message on his death?
Ans: The Quaid-e-Azam said,

"To me he was a friend, a guide and a philosopher and during the darkest moments through which the Muslim League had to go, he stood like a rock."

The Quaid-e-Azam appreciated his services for Pakistan whole-heatedly.

Q.16: How was Pakistan Resolution passed?
Ans: The Muslims awoke from their sleep as a result of lqbal's efforts. They all wanted a separate Muslim state. The Muslim League representing the whole of Muslim of India met in Lahore and passed a resolution on March 23, 1940. A separate state for the Muslims of India was demanded in Lahore Resolution. This resolution is now known as the Pakistan Resolution.

Q.17: Why did Quaid-e-Azam leave the congress?
Ans: Quaid-e-Azam left the Indian National Congress because as an outstanding political leader, he very soon realized that the Indian National Congress was leading the Hindus of the sub-continent towards Hindu-Muslim polarization. This would result in political and economic victimization of the Muslims in the region. Therefore, he decided to leave the Congress and join the Muslim League.

English Grammar - Conditional sentences and Its Types

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

There are several structures in English that we call conditionals or if conditionals. The word "condition" means "situation or circumstance". Conditional sentences are statements discussing known factors or hypothetical situations and their consequences. If a particular condition is true, then a particular result happens:

Rules Of Conditional Sentences:

1. It has two parts: (a) ' if ' clause and (b) main clause
2.  1. 'If ' clause contains word 'if '.
3. The modals (will, would, can, could, may and might often appear in main clause)
4. The 'if' clause can come at the beginning or at the end.
5. When the 'if' clause comes at the beginning, it is separated from the main clause by a comma.

Types Of Conditional Sentences:
There are three basic English conditionals plus the so-called zero conditional. So, altogether there are four types of conditional sentences in English. Which are:

1. Zero Conditional Sentences:
2. First Conditional Sentences:
3. Second Conditional Sentences:
4. Third Conditional Sentences:

These types may be real conditions (possibly true) or unreal conditions (not true).

• Real conditions show something occurs in present or future. It is factual, habitual or commands.
• Unreal conditions show something occurs either in present or future time or in past time. It describes situations that are unlikely, untrue, or impossible.

Structure of Conditional Sentences
The structure of most conditionals is very simple. There are two ways to describe them.

For example:
If I see him, I will tell him.
I will tell him if I see him.
Notice the comma in the first sentence. In the second sentence we do not normally use a comma.

Rules For Conditional 

1. Zero Conditional Sentences:

• Zero conditional sentences are used to talk about general truths, scientific facts and always true.
• In zero conditional sentences, 'when' can also be used instead of ' if ' in 'if 'clause, but the meaning of the sentence will be the same.
• Both parts ('if 'clause and main clause) are in simple present tense.

If Clause,	Main Clause
If + Simple present tense,	Simple present tense
e.g. If + you heat ice,	it melts

Examples:

• If you heat the water to 100 degrees C, it boils.
• If you heat ice, it melts.
• We get tired when we don't get enough sleep.
• My boss gets angry if I am late for work.

2. First Conditional Sentences Or Type 1 Conditional Sentences (for real possibility):

1. First conditional sentences used for future.
2. It is real condition sentences.
3. It shows routine or habitual and factual situations.
4. We are talking about the future. We are thinking about a particular condition or situation in the future, and the result of this condition.
5. There is a real possibility that this condition will happen.

Future Time

If Clause,	Main Clause
If + Simple present tense,	will / can / may / must + base verb
e.g. If + it rains,	I will + stay at home

Examples:

1. If I have enough money, I will buy a new car.
   
2. If I see him, I will tell him.
   
3. If I win prize bond, I will buy a car.
4. Imagine that it rains. What will you do?
5. We will have plenty of time to finish this project if it is only ten o'clock now.
6. If I have the time, I will go.
   (Means: I will go unless I do not have time.)
7. If my headache disappear, we can play tennis.
   (Means: I will play tennis unless I have a headache.)

Habitual

If Clause,	Main Clause
If + Simple present tense,	Simple present tense
e.g. If + John has enough time,	he usually walks to school.

Examples:

1. If the doctor has morning clinic hours, he visits his patients in the hospital in the afternoon.
2. You are at home if it is morning.
3. You plan to play cricket this evening. But there are some clouds in the sky.

Commands

If Clause,	Main Clause
If + Simple present tense,	Command form
e.g. If + you hear from Sana,	please call me

Examples:

• If you go to post office, please mail this letter for me.

Second Conditional Sentences Or Type 2 Conditional Sentences:

1. Used for present or future.
2. It shows unreal situations.
3. Second conditional sentences are often used for talking about imaginary or unreal and hypothetical or impossible in the present or past.
4. The verb in the clause with 'if' is in the simple past or past continuous tense.
5. The verb in the other clause uses the modal 'would' (in negative sentences 'wouldn't' is often used). Other modals that can also be used are 'could' and 'might' and their negative forms (couldn't, might not).
6. The past form of "be" is always "were" (when 'be' verb use as main verb) in 'if' clause. It can never be "was".
   (e.g. If I were, If you were, If he were, If she were, If it were, If they we were , If they were etc.)
7. If the verb is in negative form in the 'if' clause. the sense of the sentence is positive, and if a verb is in positive form in the 'if' clause, the sense of the sentence is negative.

If Clause,	Main Clause
If + Simple past or Past continuous	would / could / might + base verb
e.g. If + they allowed,	they would + sleep the whole day.
e.g. If + he was coming,	they would + go for walk.
If +Sub + were,	modals  + base verb
e.g. If + I+ were a millionaire,	I would  + buy a yacht

Examples:

• If I had money, I would give you.
  (Means: I don't have money)
• If they drank sufficient water, they would have a healthy skin.
• If Sana was watching television, the lights would be on.
• I would go mad if I received a billion rupees.
• If I were rich, I would travel around the world.
  (Means: I am not rich, I am not going to travel around the world.)
• If I hadn't be in a hurry, I wouldn't spill the milk.
  (Means: I was in hurry, I spilled the milk.)
• If I had the time, I would go.
  (Means: I know I don't have time and therefor, I can't go.)
• If today were Saturday, we could go to the beach.
  (Means: Today is not Saturday, so we can't go to the beach.)
• If he did not speak so quickly, you could understand him.
  (Means: He speaks very quickly, so you can't understand him.)

Third Conditional Sentences Or Type 3 Conditional Sentences:

1. Not possible now
2. Used for past unreal situations.
3. The verb in "if-clause' is in past perfect tense.
4. If two actions happened at quite different times, the verb should show that difference.
5. In unreal condition sentences word 'if' is not use than sentence start with word 'had'.

If Clause,	Main Clause
If + Past perfect	would / could / might + have + verb in past participle
e.g. If + I had met John last week,	I would + have + given him a book.
had+  Verb in past participle	would / could / might + have + verb in past participle
e.g. had + we known that you were there,	we would + have + given you a book.

Examples:

• If he had talked to me, I would have listened to him.
  (but he didn't talk to me)
• If we had known that you were there, we would have written you a letter.
  (Means: We did not know that you are there, so we did not write you a letter.)
• If we hadn't lost our way, we would have arrived sooner.
  (Means: We lost our way, so we did not arrive earlier.)
• If she had seen the movie, she would have told you.
  (It shows that actions happened at different time.)

Uses of Different words in conditional sentences.

As if / As though

1. They also indicate unreal condition.
2. They use as conjunctions.
3. The verb follow should be in past or past perfect.

Main Clause	as if / as though Clause
Subject + Verb (present) +	as if / as though + subject + verb (past)

Examples:

• The old lady dresses as if it were winter even in the summer.
  (It is not winter.)
• Angelina walks as though she studied modelling.
  (She did not study modelling.)
• He acts as though as he was rich.
  (He is not rich.)

Main Clause,	If Clause
Subject + Verb (past) +	as if / as though + subject + verb (past perfect)

Examples:

• Betty talked about the contest as she had won the grand prize.
  (She did not win the grand prize.)
• He looked as though he had run ten miles.
  (He didn't run ten miles.)

Note: Conjunctions (as if / as though), if are not followed by above given tenses they have same meaning as mention in sentence.

e.g. He looks as if he finish the test. (Perhaps he has finished.)
He looked as though he was leaving. ( Perhaps he was leaving.)

Mixed Conditional Sentences

Third condition	Second condition
If  you had done what I said,	you would be rich now.

Second condition	Third condition
If I was faster,	I would have won that race.

English (Compulsory) For Class IX - Unit 4 - The Great Visionaries - MCQs and Fill In The Blanks

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The Great Visionaries

MCQs and Fill In The Blanks

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Read the text and tick (✓) OR circle the correct answer:
1. The Quaid-e-Azam message is:
(a) Unity, Faith and Determination
(b) Unity, Faith and Steadfastness
(c) Unity, Faith and Discipline ✓
(d) Unity, Determination and Steadfastness

2. The Quaid-e-Azam was one of the top barristers of:
(a) Karachi
(b) Bombay ✓
(c) Delhi
(d) London

3. Gokhale and the famous Hindu poetess Sarojini Nido called Quaid-e-Azam:
(a) 'the best Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity' ✓
(b) 'the best Leader of Hindu Muslim Unity'
(c) 'the best Representative of Hindu Muslim Unity'
(d) 'the best Saint of Hindu Muslim Unity'

4. Initially, Quaid-e-Azam was strong proponent of:
(a) Muslim-British unity
(b) Muslim-Sikh unity
(c) Muslim-Hindu unity ✓
(d) Muslim-Christain unity

5. Initially, Quaid-e-Azam was an active member of the:
(a) Muslim League
(b) Unionist Party
(c) Communist Party ✓
(d) Congress

6. Allama lqbal is known as the:
(a) poet of the East ✓
(b) poet of the West
(c) poet of the Asia
(d) poet of the Muslim

7. Allama lqbal began his professional career as Professor of:
(a) Persian
(b) Philosophy
(c) Arabic ✓
(d) Economics

8. Allama lqbal did his M.A. in:
(a) 1903
(b) 1905
(c) 1910
(d) 1899 ✓

9. In 1905, to study law, Allama Iqbal went to:
(a) Munich
(b) London ✓
(c) Germany
(d) Spain

10. By profession, Allama lqbal as a:
(a) barrister ✓
(b) doctor
(c) politician
(d) landlord

11. In 1908, Allama lqbal was awarded a Ph.D. degree by the:
(a) London University
(b) Munich University ✓
(c) Paris University
(d) Oriental College

12. Allama lqbal was awarded a Ph.D. degree for his work on:
(a) Indian Philosophy
(b) Western Philosophy
(c) Muslim Philosophy
(d) Persian Philosophy ✓

13. In 1926, Allama lqbal was elected as member of the:
(a) Punjab Legislative Council ✓
(b) All India Muslim League
(c) Bombay Legislative Council
(d) Constitution Assembly

14. Allama lqbal delivered his Allahabad address in:
(a) 1926
(b) 1929
(c) 1930 ✓
(d) 1938

15. Allama lqbal demanded a separate state for the Muslim of India in:
(a) Lahore
(b) Bombay
(c) Allahabad ✓
(d) Delhi

16. Pakistan Resolution was passed in:
(a) Bombay
(b) Delhi
(c) Allahabad
(d) Lahore ✓

17. Pakistan came into being on:
(a) 14^th August 1947 ✓
(b) 14^th August 1948
(c) 14^th August 1945
(d) 14^th August 1950

18. Allama lqbal died in:
(a) 1930
(b) 1935
(c) 1938 ✓
(d) 1940

19. Allama lqbal died:
(a) 9 years before the creation of Pakistan ✓
(b) 7 years before the creation of Pakistan
(c) 8 years before the creation of Pakistan
(d) 6 years before the creation of Pakistan

20. Quaid-e-Azam was one of the most dynamic personalities of:
(a) South Asia ✓
(b) the Muslim world
(c) his college
(d) Middle East

21. The achievement of the Quaid-e-Azam was unparalleled in the history of:
(a) South Asia
(b) Muslim world
(c) the world ✓
(d) Asia

22. The only leader of the British India who has popular also among the Hindus, Christians, Sikhs and Parsis besides the Muslims was:
(a) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
(b) Liaquat Ali Khan
(c) Allama lqbal
(d) The Quaid-e-Azam ✓

23. He was called the "Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity":
(a) The Quaid-e-Azam ✓
(b) Abul Kalam
(c) Allama lqbal
(d) Gandhi

24. Gokhale was a:
(a) businessman
(b) Hindu leader ✓
(c) top barrister
(d) writer

25. Sarojini Nidu was a:
(a) barrister
(b) leader
(c) poetess ✓
(d) rich lady

26. The Quaid-e-Azam pleaded the case of:
(a) a client
(b) neighbour
(c) the Muslim world
(d) a separate homeland ✓

27. On August 11, 1947, he was elected the first President of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan:
(a) The Quaid-e-Azam ✓
(b) Allama lqbal
(c) Liaquat Ali Khan
(d) Abdul Rab Nishter

28. He declared "you are free, you are free to go to your temples, you are free to go to your mosques or any other place of worship:
(a) Liaquat Ali Khan
(b) The Quaid-e-Azam ✓
(c) Abdul Rab Nishter
(d) none

29. He said, "Hindus would cease to be Hindus and the Muslims would cease to be Muslims":
(a) Sir syed
(b) Nehru
(c) The Quaid-e-Azam ✓
(d) Allama lqbal

30. At Oriental College, Allama lqbal was appointed professor of:
(a) Persian
(b) Arabic ✓
(c) English
(d) Urdu

31. Allama lqbal got a degree of law from:
(a) England ✓
(b) Munich
(c) New York
(d) Washington

32. Allama lqbal also took an active part in:
(a) politics ✓
(b) sports
(c) business
(d) literature

33. Allama lqbal was elected a member of the Punjab Legislative Council in:
(a) 1924
(b) 1925
(c) 1926 ✓
(d) 1927

34. Allama lqbal was elected of the Punjab branch of the All India Muslim League as:
(a) president ✓
(b) vice president
(c) general secretary
(d) treasurer

35. Allama lqbal presided over the Allahabad meeting of the All India Muslim League in:
(a) 1926
(b) 1928
(c) 1929
(d) 1930 ✓

36. Allama lqbal is generally known as a great:
(a) poet ✓
(b) politician
(c) philosopher
(d) saint

English (Compulsory) For Class IX - Unit 4 - The Great Visionaries - Lesson with Urdu translation

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The Great Visionaries

Lesson with Urdu translation

عظیم بصیرت مند

The teacher assigned the class a project for the summer vacations, titled 'The Great Visionaries'. The students were asked to work in groups of four and find information about the Quaid-e-Azam and Allama lqbal, the two great visionary leaders of the Pakistan Movement. They were asked to develop a booklet, a newspaper edition, or any other form of visual presentation based on the collected information. The members of one of the groups decided to split up the information gathering task; Huma and Tahira offered to look up information on some aspects of Jinnah's life, while Lubna and Farheen agreed to find information about lqbal. They decided to share the information with each other through emails. Here are some of their emails.

To: huma.latif@kmail.com; lubna22@circle.com; farheen_89@kingston.com
From: tahirabeauty@sunnyplace.com
Subject: Quaid-e-Azam
Date: June 11, 2018
Time: 2:29 pm

Dear Huma,
Here is some information that I have found about the Quaid-e-Azam:

Personality and Achievements

Quaid-i-Azam Mohammed Ali Jinnah was one of the most dynamic personalities of South Asia. His message of 'Unity, Faith and Discipline' and his determination and steadfastness, if he made the guiding principles by the nation, he can speedily set the nation on the path of progress and prosperity.
He was one of the top barristers of Bombay. But his greatest achievement, which is unparalleled in the recent history of the world, is the creation of Pakistan. The world has seen many leaders who have obtained independence for their people from undesired rulers, but few have achieved what the Quaid-e-Azam did; he created a new country. He led the Muslims of the sub-continent to achieve an independent state called Pakistan, where they could live honourably, according to the teachings of their faith and culture.

Regards.
Tahira

To: tahirabeauty@ sunnyplace.com; lubna22@circle.com; farheen_89@kingston.com
From: huma.latif @kmail.com
Subject: Quaid-e-Azam
Date: June 11, 2018
Time: 4:37 pm

Tahira, here is some more information that we can add in this section:
Moreover, Mohammed Ali Jinnah was the only leader in British India, who was popular not only among the Muslims but also had a great respect among the people of other faiths, including the Hindus, Christians, Sikhs and Parsis. Due to his tolerance and acceptance of all faiths, some Hindu leaders, like Gokhale and the famous Hindu poetess Sarojini Nido, called him 'the best Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity.'

Best wishes.
Huma

To: huma.latif @kmail.com; lubna22@circle.com; tahirabeauty@sunnyplace.com
From: farheen_89@kingston.com
Subject: Quaid-e-Azam
Date: June 14, 2018
Time: 4:30 pm

Huma and Tahira, you might want to add this vital piece of information in this section:
However, he was very clear about one thing: while Pakistan would be a state where the Muslims would be free to practise the teachings of their faith and to prosper economically. This is in no way meant that the people of other faiths, living in the geographical boundaries of the new state, would, in any way, be lesser citizens.

Farheen

To: huma.latif @kmail.com; lubna22@circle.com; farheen_89@kingston.com
From: tahirabeauty@sunnyplace.com
Subject: Quaid-e-Azam
Date: June 15, 2018
Time: 5:29 pm

Thank you, Huma. I agree with you. Now, here is some more information about him:

Political Acumen and Contribution

Initially, Quaid-e-Azam was a strong proponent of Hindu-Muslim unity and an active member of the Indian National Congress. But, as an outstanding political leader, he very soon sensed that the Indian National Congress was leading the Hindus of the sub-continent towards Hindu-Muslim polarization. This, he realized, would result in political and economic victimization of the Muslims in the region. Therefore, he decided to leave the Congress and join the Muslim League.
Soon after joining the Muslim League he became its president. He, very intelligently, pleaded the case of a separate homeland for the Muslims and succeeded in getting Pakistan. This was despite strong opposition from the two big power players in British India; the ruling British and the majority Hindus.

Have you found some more information?

Tahira

To:; lubna22@circle.com; farheen_89@kingston.com; tahirabeauty@sunnyplace.com
From: huma.latif@kmail.com
Subject: Personality and Achievements of Jinnah
Date: June 17, 2018
Time: 1:30 pm

Thank you, Farheen. We will definitely add this. Now here is the vision that the Quaid had for Pakistan:

Aspirations for Pakistan

Quaid-i-Azam envisioned Pakistan, as a 'nation state' ensuring equal rights for all citizens of Pakistan. On August 11, 1947, the Quaid-e-Azam, on his election as the first President of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan, declared, "You are free; you are free to go to your temples, you are free to go to your mosques or to any other place of worship in this state of Pakistan. We are starting in the days when there is no discrimination, no distinction between one community and another. We are starting with this fundamental principle that we are all citizens and equal citizens of one State."
He also wanted Pakistan to be a state where justice and merit prevailed. He wanted the people of Pakistan to be united and to work towards making this new country, an exemplary state. He said: "My guiding principle will be justice and complete impartiality and I am sure that with your support and cooperation, I can look forward to Pakistan becoming one of the greatest nations of the world."

Alas! This great leader had to leave this world before he could transform his ideals into practical steps. It is now our responsibility to set the future directions for this great country by implementing the Quaid's vision of Pakistan. If we truly want to pay homage to our great Quaid, we should try and do the things he wanted us to do and not merely praise what he did. On every Independence Day, we should think of what we need to do to take Pakistan forward on the way to peace and prosperity.
Tahira, I think we now have enough information about the Quaid-e-Azam. Let's see what Lubna and Farheen find about Allama lqbal. We'll then meet and decide how to present all this information.

Best wishes
Huma

To:farheen_89 @ kingston.com;huma.latif @ kmail.com; tahirabeauty@sunnyplace.com
From: lubna22@circle.com
Subject: Allama lqbal
Date: June 18, 2018
Time: 6:32 pm

Dear Farheen,
Now that my cousin's wedding is over, I have managed to find the following information about the Poet of the East:

Personality and Achievements

Allama Muhammad lqbal, the poet of the East was, no doubt, a great poet, but poetry was only one of his many accomplishments. He began his professional career as a Professor of Arabic at the Oriental College, Lahore, after doing his M.A., in 1899. In 1905, he went to London to study law and received a law degree. He thus became a barrister by profession. But this does not mean that he gave up everything else. This versatile person continued his quest for knowledge in various fields and, in 1908, he was awarded a Ph.D. degree by the Munich University, in Germany, for his work on Persian philosophy. That is why he is also known as Dr. Muhammad lqbal.

Regards
Lubna

To: humailatif @kmail.com;tahirabeauty@sunnyplace.com; lubna22@circle.com
From: farheen_89@kingston.com
Subject: Allama lqbal
Date: June 19 2018
Time: 1:40 pm

Thanks, Lubna. Here's the information that I have found:

Political Acumen and Contribution

Allama lqbal also took an active part in politics and worked for the cause of the Muslims of South Asia. He was elected as a member of the Punjab Legislative Council in 1926, a post he held till 1929. By then, he had become deeply involved with the Muslim League activities. Due to his commitment to the cause of Muslim rights in India, he was soon elected as the President of the Punjab branch of the All India Muslim League, a post he held till the time of his death.

One of lqbal's biggest political contributions is his Allahabad address, which he delivered in 1930, when he presided over the Allahabad meeting of the All-India Muslim League. It was on this historic occasion that he made a definite demand for a separate Muslim State in South Asia. In his presidential address, Dr. lqbal said, "India is a continent of human groups belonging to different races, speaking different languages, and believing in different religions.... The Muslim demand to create a Muslim India within India is in no way without justice. For my part I would like to go one step further; I would like to see the Punjab, North West Frontier Province, Sindh and Baluchistan unite under a single Muslim State".
However this demand shocked both the Hindus and the British alike and they both opposed it. This demand for a separate state for Muslims took such firm root that at its meeting in Lahore, on March 23, 1940, the Muslim League passed a resolution demanding a separate state for the Muslims of India. This resolution is known as the Pakistan Resolution. From this point onwards, all efforts were directed towards this end, culminating in the creation of Pakistan, on August 14, 1947.

Best wishes.
Farheen

To:huma.latif @ kmail.com; farheen_89 @ kingston.com; lubna22@circle.com
From: tahirabeauty@sunnyplace.com;
Subject: Allama lqbal
Date: June 20, 2018
Time: 11:29 am

Moreover, he had clear ideas about what Muslims should do.

Aspirations for Muslims

Lubna and Farheen, both of you have collected excellent information about Allama lqbal. While we all know what the Quaid-e-Azam did, we often do not exactly recall the role of Allama lqbal in the creation.
Allama lqbal died in 1938, nine years before the creation of Pakistan. But he played a major role in its creation, by planting the seeds of a separate state for the Muslims of India in people's minds. Quaid-e-Azam, praised lqbal's role in a message on his death: To me he was a friend, guide and philosopher, and during the darkest moments through which the Muslim League had to go, he stood like a rock'.
Allama lqbal had a great love for Islam; he always advised the Muslims to remain true to their faith, and to practise it in letter and spirit. In his Allahabad address he said: "I have learned one lesson from the history of Muslims. At difficult moments in their history, it is Islam that has saved Muslims and not Muslims that have saved Islam. If, today, you put your faith in Islam, you will become strong and united once again and save yourself from complete destruction."

Tahira